نشریه حقوق اداری
پیاپی 9 (پاییز و زمستان 1394)

United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has recommended the country to establish agencies against corruption. In spite of increasing emphasis on combating corruption, the efforts failed because of some reasons: unrealistic purposes, inappropriate performance indicators, low public credibility and losing political support. So studying about the efficiency criteria of Anti-corruption agencies can lead to a more effective fight .
This article by analytical method and concentrating on UNCAC and comparing it with the bill to Formation of Agency against Corruption in Iranian Parliament, offers a model to access the efficiency of the anti-corruption agencies. In most studies, argued about this issue generally and did not submit any accurate model and only we regarded general studies and recommendations .
This research, by presenting the new theory as coherent theory and dividing the efficiency criteria of these agencies to internal and external factors and also by analyzing the UN documents and the bill to Formation of Agency against Corruption, offers practical tips .

The vast majority of citizens who are civil servants and public service obligation to serve the people. In a system of meritocracy and good employment, monitoring the performance of employees is of great importance. Although the prevention of corruption and malfeasance of government employees is very important, but some employees is always a violation of the Administrative Violations process image government employees are part of the administrative proceedings. in our country the discipline of administrative violations of state employees handle administrative violations according to law and its executive regulations .

Concept of public policy is one of subject of economy public law. In The public policy are discussed methods and mechanisms of use of different tools of public policy making. The main topic of the present paper is about how to choice of the tools of public policy making among: voluntary, mixed and mandatory different tools by thinkers; What is the priority of the classic liberal, Neo classic, Socialism – Communism and Welfare state Schools in select of the tools?
Results of the present paper is that the principal priority of the classic liberal school is emphasis on voluntary tools. In Neoclassic is increasingly on regulation, but in welfare state is regards to mandatory tools more than others. However, in Socialism – Communism school it is emphasized on the some of mandatory tools and negate the other tools.

A comparative study of judicial review on determining Municipal revenue resources in Iran and England’s law with analytical methods by using library and internet resources to explain principles of administrative law in a way that besides municipal development and promotion of desirable services to citizen, preserve and protect the rights was taken to arise it in direction of approving the bill of stable revenue resources in Islamic council parliament and a small step in enriching the literature of municipal finance law. Considering urban economic achievements and financing in England as a developed country with a strong financial system can effective in providing situation of supply stable revenue resources for municipal and financial reviewing of the spending of these revenues in Iran.The main question of this study was that in judicial reviewing on determining the municipal revenue resources, what legal principles governing and dynamics these principles on financing municipal in Iran and England in what way are evident. The hypothesis of the study was that the principle of legality and other administrative law principles dominated in determining municipal revenue resources and verdicts issued from the tribunal of administrative justice in Iran and the Supreme Court and administrative tribunal in England and the effect of these principles are evident. Although the lack of the references and legal literature is evident in urban finance coused there is not enough background for subject of research but there has been an acceptable literature on concept of judicial review. The outcome of this research was to determiner authority of the municipal revenue resource in a situation where task of payments put on citizens is not free, and it should be acted based on legal principals to be supportive of citizen's rights in legality govern. The adoption of England law achievements in this field and predicting stable revenue system in a sense that prevents social, economical, and environmental doesnt enter in statue of the city and realize the fiscal discipline with the enhance the enjoyment of modern administrative law principles its suggested as a basis of documentation and arguments of administrative justice tribunal decisions.

A new generation of oil contracts, named I.P.C. have been introduced whose objective is to preserve and promote Iran’s stance in OPEC and world oil and gas market for long time, to create changes in optimum development, extraction and operation process in Country’s oil and gas fields, …. , One characteristic of these contracts, i.e. their long duration, gives a considerable share of field production to the foreign oil companies. From this perspective, they are similar to privileged contracts. Once we study these contracts, we will find out that unlike buy-back contracts, the structure of the I.P.C. contracts have been defined in a manner that position of the employer is reduced, and in principle, in the I.P.C. contracts, unlike previous contracts, the employer does not have important tasks, because all the development and production is vested to the contractor and the result of any function appears in the amount of production that affects the profit of the contractor. This fact shows that the I.P.C. contracts may not be considered as appropriate sample for oil contracts and may inflict unlimited damages on long-term national interests in the field of oil and gas.

The Administrative police, known as a function for securing public order, represent a double conflictual face. Regarding Freedoms, the notion may be understood as restrictive as well as supportive by providing an appropriate context for the exercise of the constitutional rights and freedoms through securing public order. In French liberal society, accepting that freedom with no order would lead to anarchy, the judicial procedure plays a significant role in defining public order and consequently the frame in which the powers of police should be exercised. Nowadays, there’s no debate in accepting public security, public health, and public tranquility as traditional elements of public order, which can provoke the Administration’s responsibility in case of police deficiency. In recent years, a sort of order based on values is appeared. Incarnated in human dignity, the immaterial order allows police to interfere for saving public morality in case of special circumstances.