فهرست مطالب

Red Crescent Medical Journal - Volume:20 Issue: 7, Jul 2018

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
Volume:20 Issue: 7, Jul 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/04/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 5
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  • Nurgul Gungor Tavsanli *, Sevgi Nehir Page 1
    Background
    End-stage renal failure (ESRD) deteriorates the quality of life of patients, as it increases their dependence on others and reduces their self-esteem.
    Objectives
    This study was conducted to investigate whether body image perception and social functioning of dialysis patients with ESRD were different from dialysis patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).
    Methods
    This case-control study included 120 patients, who underwent dialysis treatment in a state hospital between November 2014 and January 2016. The patient information form, body image scale, and social functioning scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (e.g., frequency, percentage, and mean), Chi square test, independent t test, and correlation tests.
    Results
    Among ESRD patients, 88.6% were ≥ 56 years old, 65.7% were male, 97.1% underwent dialysis three times a week, and 97.1% were shunted. On the other hand, among patients with CRF, 71.8% were ≤ 55 years old, 51.8% were male, 52.7% underwent dialysis three times a week, and 50.8% were shunted. Regarding body image, 51.3% of ESRD patients, whose children noticed the change in their body image, felt most uncomfortable with the change in their body image, while 48.2% and 22.0% of CRF patients, whose children or others noticed the change in their body image, felt most uncomfortable, respectively; the difference between the groups was significant (P
    Conclusions
    In the present study, there was no significant difference among CRF and ESRD patients in terms of body image perception. However, there were differences in terms of social functioning. In fact, social functioning of CRF patients was superior to the ESRD group. It was concluded that better perception of body image is associated with better social functioning of these patients.
    Keywords: Dialysis, Body Image, Nursing, Social Behavior
  • Ailin Talimkhani, Iraj Abdollahi *, Maryam Zoghi, Elaheh Talebi Ghane, Shapour Jaberzadeh Page 2
    Background
    Unihemispheric concurrent dual-site anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCSUHCDS) of primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are introduced as effective techniques on M1 corticospinal excitability enhancement and its after-effects.
    Objectives
    The current study aimed at investigating the potential effects of multiple sessions of a-tDCSUHCDS of M1-DLPFC on motor skills learning in healthy individuals.
    Methods
    The randomized, clinical trial was conducted on a total of 37 volunteers completed all sessions of the study and were randomly divided into two groups of a-tDCSUHCDS and sham stimulation by the block randomization method. The current study was performed from January to May 2017 in Iran. Participants attended daily 20-minute motor training sessions for three consecutive days, while they concurrently received a-tDCS. Motor skills were assessed before the intervention (day 1), immediately after the intervention (day 3), and one week after the completion of the intervention.
    Results
    A total of 37 participants were included in the data analysis. Immediately after the completion of the intervention on day 3, mean skills in the experimental and control groups were 0.33 and 0.30, respectively. One week after the completion of the intervention, mean skills in the experimental and control groups were 0.36 and 0.29, respectively. The trend of motor learning considerably increased in the experimental (0.17; P
    Conclusions
    Greater motor skills in the a-tDCSUHCDS group compared with the sham tDCS group at one week retention indicated the robustness of the a-tDCSUHCDS effect.
    Keywords: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Motor Cortex, Prefrontal Cortex, Motor Skills, Learning
  • Farnaz Moslemi, Sousan Rasooli, Marjan Dehdilani, Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani *, Mahnaz Dehdilani Page 3
    Background
    Pain after laparoscopy may still be moderate to severe due to stretching of intraabdominal cavity and peritoneal inflammation. Systemic lidocaine with anti-inflammatory properties may reduce this pain.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative intravenous infusion of lidocaine on postoperative pain relief after gynecologic laparoscopic procedure.
    Methods
    A double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted in Iran, during years 2014 and 2015. A sample of 60 females with American anesthesiology association (ASA) physical class I or II, who were scheduled for gynecologic laparoscopy were selected through consecutive sampling and were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous lidocaine or normal saline, as placebo, prior to induction of anesthesia and until the end of surgery. Severity of postoperative pain was evaluated starting at the recovery unit until 24 hours postoperatively for a total of 8 times using the visual analogue scale (VAS) scoring system. Time to first analgesic request, total analgesic dose used in the first 24 hours, and any probable postoperative complications were recorded. Risk ratio (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT) were used to analyze the data along with generalized linear model for multivariate analysis of repeated measurements over time.
    Results
    The VAS at recovery was lower at recovery with a mean score of 2.8 in the lidocaine group versus 3.9 in the control group (P = 0.02). Results of generalized linear modelling revealed that pain intensity decreased over time in both groups (P = 0.02), and the groups had different trend slopes in pain intensity over repeated measurements at various time points up to 24 hours after laparoscopy, while controlling for the baseline VAS at recovery and ASA PS (P = 0.016). However, when controlling for use of pain-killers, the trends were not found to be different. Patients in the lidocaine group were 3.8 times more likely not to need postoperative analgesic (95% CI: 1.4 to 9.9). Mean total analgesic dose was 1.3 mg in the lidocaine group versus 38.2 mg in the control group differing significantly between the 2 groups (P
    Conclusions
    Systemic perioperative lidocaine could improve the pain pattern and severity as well as nausea and agitation after gynecologic laparoscopy. Although no major side effects were detected in this study, the benefits of the intervention should be weighed against its safety.
    Keywords: Lidocaine, Analgesia, Pain Measurement, Laparoscopy, Clinical Trials
  • Mahdiyehsadat Eftekharafzali, Mitra Mehrabani, Haleh Tajadini, Bijan Ahmadi, Mohammad Javad Zahedi * Page 4
    Background
    Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common problems around the world. Pistacia atlantica has beneficial effects in gastrointestinal disorders and is used for treating FD in Persian Medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of “Pistacia atlantica” (Baneh) on functional dyspepsia.
    Methods
    This randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out on 119 patients (18 to 60 years old) with functional dyspepsia based on Rome III criteria. Subjects were randomly divided to intervention (n = 61) and placebo (n = 58) groups. Participants received capsules twice daily (500 mg capsules containing 350 mg pistachia atlantica resin plus 150 mg sugar in the intervention group, and 500 mg capsules containing 350 mg starch powder plus 150 mg sugar in the placebo group) for four weeks and they were followed up for one month. The intensity and frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as fullness, bloating, nausea, pain, and burning were assessed using the questionnaire on arrival, two and four weeks and one month after the intervention.
    Results
    Fifty-three patients in the Pistacia atlantica group and 48 patients in the placebo group completed the study. The severity and frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as early satiation nausea, pain, and burning were significantly decreased in the Pistachia atlantica group. For example, severity of early satiation was 1.67 ± 0.13 in pistacia and 2.54 ± 0.17 in placebo groups in eight weeks (P > 0.001) and frequency of this symptom was 2.39 ± 0.27 and 4.41 ± 0.34 in pistica and placebo groups, respectively, in eight weeks (P > 0.001), which was significantly decreased in the pistachia group. No serious adverse effects were reported.
    Conclusions
    This study revealed that Pistacia atlantica is significantly effective on functional dyspepsia symptoms.
    Keywords: Traditional Medicine, Dyspepsia, Medicinal Herb, Pistacia
  • Morteza Mojahedi, Abbas Alipour, Roshanak Saghebi, Seyyed Ali Mozaffarpur * Page 5
    Background
    As personalized medicine is developing, similar concepts in Persian medicine need standardization.
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to compare the correlation of ten criteria of Mizaj assessment with Mizaj determined by experts.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional methodological research, 74 medical student volunteers were examined by 10 expert raters. The agreement between each ten indices and total Mizaj were assessed with the spearman correlation coefficient (r) and weighted by the kappa coefficient (wk).
    Results
    Among ten indices, the largest agreement was observed amongst indices of psychic function, impressibility, physical function and physique with total warm or cold Mizaj and thus amongst indices of muscle and fat mass, touch and physique with total wet or dry Mizaj, respectively (k ≥ 0.4).
    Conclusions
    The four mentioned indices in assessing warmness-coldness and three in wetness-dryness are major criteria. Other indices, such as hair condition, skin color, quality of waste matter (stool, urine, and sweat), and sleep/wakefulness have minor effect in Mizaj identification.
    Keywords: Medicine, Traditional, Temperament, Reproducibility of Results