فصلنامه سیاست
سال چهل و پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 33، بهار 1394)

The study of the principles and requirements of the leader''s «heroic Softened». One of the key concepts and policies that have expressed Leader last few years. Initially the intellectual foundation of the Leader approach to foreign policy as Three strategies such as self-esteem، leadership، wisdom and interest in foreign policy، Strategy negation relation domineering and submissiveness، the preservation and protection of the identity of the Islamic Republic، Maintain the revolutionary Islamic orientation is discussed. The conceptual framework as a heroic leader in the negotiation and clarification exercises And the «heroic Softened of a new field in the international system، field tactics، not strategy» heroic Softened، Field exercises and balance of heroic ideals and practice of negotiation and compromise and flexibility not give up، hoping to stretch heroic vision of the future، Heroic flexibility and understanding of the international system in transition،، Heroic exercise and cognitive abilities and the challenges the country is examined.

Nowadays، social networks play a key role in the study of sociology، social psychology، sociology، and other subjects have thousands. Social network Facebook has turned into a virtual system that covers more than 900 million people around the world have put their services. Islamic Revolution of Iran as a revolution for the world revolution، universal definition، you can use these new possibilities. This paper will identify the capabilities and challenges with using Facebook، Putnam''s social capital theory of the reflection of a global network for Islamic Revolution in Iran to use Facebook is a social investment could make the world''s Islamic Revolution. This paper describes an method for identifying ways to use Facebook، globalization provides Islamic Revolution.

Islam as a comprehensive school and covering som doctrine out of time and place Focuses on The issue of foreign policy as a matter of fundamental importance attention. Explain the behavioral norms of Islam in general subject of foreign policy، in particular in the most perfect expression in the teachings of the Quran and is manifested in the tradition of the household. Accordingly with descriptive- analytical methods، the authors of the principles of foreign policy vote doctrine of Imam al study were classified and evaluated. On this basis and according to the conceptual framework of the principles of foreign policy، such as the range of human relationships based on Islamic principles، the principle of mutual respect and non-interference in the internal affairs of each other، Amity، tolerance and non-violence، rejecting the domination of domination، oppression rejection of loyalty to the covenant treatie، the enemy of enemies and the next conflict peace-oriented political tradition Imam analsis was examined.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the problems of methodological research program in the history of political thought appear valuation methodologies. The claim that the principles and methodology of the research program is to evaluate how the formation، expansion، and development of methodologies in the area of knowledge is sufficient. In contrast، this article argues that the research program because of the emphasis on the construction logic can provide understanding and assessment of the methodology is not sufficient. Hence، it is in the realm of theory and interpretation to meet numerous methodological problems: Problems within the scope of that program to the issue of the formation of the methodology، as well as during the formation of speech acts do not prescribe significantly. In the realm of theory، political theory after normative ignored and only focused on the causes. In the area of interpretation، it is not able to scale phenomenon as old as innovation and the presence of artifacts and interpretation to distinguish. Because of that، any innovation requires that the phenomena in terms of time in the past is not testable and therefore، explore the phenomenon can not be considered a new interpretation. Therefore، the research program because of lack of attention to the internal logic of thought، methodology، involves three problems in methodology، theory and application of that methodology، the interpretation، and to address these issues، which have undergone a fundamental change، not mayhem and adjustments to be temporary.

Ikhwan-al-safa and khollan-al-wafa are some of Islamic philosophers with scientific، religious and goals and viewpoints. Their epistemology is based on Greek philosophy and Islamic principles. According to their opinions، religion was facing corruption and despotism. So، the only way to reform was the Greek philosophy. In political aspect، considering decline، corruption and decentralization in Abbasid’s state or the Islamic empire disintegration، they were against them and tried to make an integrative system according to political values of Islam. So، to study about Ikhwan-al-safa regarding the other movements and revolutionary groups، is more important. These persons that are unknown، except five، were writing and publishing some treatises about different subjects such as philosophy، ethics، politics and social knowledge in secret. These treatises are the first encyclopedia in the history of Islamic civilization.

In the Third World، Revolution have been considered as a means of achieving development. Therefore، from the perspective of political development، the question is that; what is the achievements of the Islamic Revolution and the IRI what policies and programs applied to achieve the political development? The findings of this study show that after the establishment of the Islamic Republic and the consolidation of representative institutions، government programs and policies in line with political developments have had a different orientation. The theoretical framework of this paper is that of Lucian Pye،s Extremely realistic approach، recognizes the political situation in the country after reaching a certain pleasant aspects of the syndrome that represent modernity and the political development. In this approach، the political development is of increasing the capacity of the political system in the face of difficulties and challenges.

Stability is one of the necessities of political systems. In other words، every political system needs to stability for reaching it''s aims. For this، the maintenance of stability is one of the most important sensations of political governers and leaders. Although several foctors are important in maintenance of stability، which at this research is in the core، is the circulation of befitting political elites. I. e. Those elites that elect as political management، alangwith having professional capabilities، must have specialities like faithfulness and commitment to essencial principles of the system that we pointed to as befitting indicatives. It is obvious that every political system needs to a kind of elites that are befitting to that system. The concentration of this essay is on the circulation of political elites in an Islamic system like Islamic Repablic of Iran.

Concept of «Lifestyle» in general implies a type of living modus operandi، but as any concept in humanities as it needs to know what the life mode is and how it related to others concepts and topics too. As the «Western life mode» comes to follow from the Western social theory، it would be possible to introduce the Islamic life mode from the Islamic one. For investigating this research question it engages with many concepts such as the civil society، later modernity، estate system، pattern of consumer، entertainment and leisure time. The both epistemological and the methodological achievements made differently by which they come the vary life- world indeed.

The Beyhaqi’s History is one of the most important cultural and historical text in Iran. Beyhaqi had access to such documents and information that are valuable about the way of governance، running of society and political life in the Ghaznavid era. Beyhaqi’s History can be seen as a socio- political history book. Those parts of this book that available now are Related mainly to the beginning of the process of the fall of Ghaznavids. In this perspective، the main question of this research is، why the Ghaznavid government fell. Then generalizing the answer، we can come to cause of the fall of all governments. Focusing on politics، this article reviews the problem and factors related to the fall of governments on Beyhaqi’s History، with on interpretive approach and historical method. The feature of Beyhaqi’s History is his careful and attentive analysis of the data. Therefore، this method pleases readers that seek information but do not reduce the desire to find why accidents have happened in history.

This article examines the human rights abuses perpetrated by the United Nations missions in places like Kosovo، Congo and Haiti where the United Nations power has been practically comparable to the State power. It will also investigate similar cases of abuses committed by highest-ranking UN officials in New York headquarter and Geneva offices. The violations examined in this article include not just hundreds of documented cases of sexual assaults and rapes، and all kind sexual abuses often of children but also tear gassing students، assaulting international journalists، shooting at women and children and even killing peaceful protestors. The article will show that the terrifying human rights record of United Nations is in fact a result of the structure، nature and belief system of the ruling members and officials of the organization. The article also examines the close affiliation of this belief system with terror networks both before and after the end of the cold war.

In the scientific research performed during the past two decades، relatively less attention has been paid to the role of cultural factors (compared to material ones) in the international political process. Identity، especially collective identity، is one of these cultural factors which have a considerable role in the definition of national interest and formation of states'' foreign policies. This paper''s goal is to present an analysis of the concept of identity and its role in the international political process from various existing theoretical perspectives.

The current financial crisis in European Union is the most critical crisis that the union since its formation in 1957 until now is caught. This course has been developed solutions for it، such force Greece to exit the euro area، Complete collapse of the euro or take decisive action to save the euro. Speculation suggests that the lack of a definitive solution to the crisis، they will continue. Economy and the euro zone debt crisis is much worse than many had predicted. Germany now than before، more cost-deals. Europe crisis has spread from Greece to Italy and Portugal. Spain، like Ireland is under severe economic pressure. France is not immune from the crisis and the debt rate is rising. This crisis، for many European leaders have been removed from the Management. Its range is very severe and getting worse. The crisis has now engulfed all of Europe Union & The main problem is the monetary unit area can be. Protectionist policy in the Europe Union and member states are very important and it will help us in identifying the economic policies of the Union، while the impact of the crisis in Europe is considerable convergence. Therefore، research hypothesis suggests that the EU''s economic and financial crisis in Europe to tackle the euro zone has to consider a combination of protection measures. So we try in this paper support these efforts and their impact on the crisis we considered and analyzed

It seems that the most significant event during the last two decades in Middle East must be sought in the Arabic Spring. Undoubtedly، this has been resulted in many changes in the field of Middle East studies: either theoretical or practical levels. The countries which are a traditional nature، as the Persian Gulf Monarchies، and or a military - bureaucratic nature، as Egypt، have been severely influenced by the revolutionary movement. However، there is no good prospects for a democratic transition – at least in the short term – since the Movement - especially in Egypt - has been suppressed by the Army. In fact، we must wait for developments in future. The question here is that why، despite the full global support of the democratization process in the Middle East، the region has failed to access a successful transition to democracy and political stability? Or، why exist so highly the authoritarianism and violence? To focus on the Amartya Sen''s theory of development as freedom، this article believes that although they could gain a good level of economic development، but they are grappling with authoritarianism and despotism due to the lack of progress in human development indicators.