نشریه مطالعات اسلام و روان شناسی
پیاپی 14 (بهار و تابستان1393)

The research objectives were to investigate the concept of personality attribute, obtain the instances of personality attributes in the Islamic sources, and classify them based on the Islamic sources. The content analysis of Islamic texts was applied for analyzing the data. The research results showed that: a) the personality attributes have been in the core of ethical theories of behavior since long time ago; b) the verses and narratives have also used the personality attributes to describe the personality of individuals; c) there are lots of patterns in order to explain and classify the personality attributes in the Islamic texts; d) those patterns are including conceptual, communication, bipolar, tripolar, hierarchical, and network patterns; e) the network pattern is the most efficient among others; f) in the network pattern, the attributes are dynamic and their relationships happen in a sophisticated conceptual network.

Lexical and statistical researches have shown that a six factor model is able to explain thepersonality structure well. Those six factors are honesty-humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship of the HEXACO model of personality with psychological and subjective well-being, and religious orientation. 235 Iranian and 226 Polish college students completed the HEXACO personality inventory-60 (Ashton & Lee, 2009), religious orientation scale-revised (Hill, 1999), Ryff's (1989) scales of psychological well-being, subjective happiness scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999), and satisfaction with life scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985). The results showed that within both Iranian and Polish contexts, honesty-humility was the strongest personality factor correlated to intrinsic religiosity. Also, within both contexts, extraversion was the strongest predictor of subjective and psychological well-being. After controlling the HEXACO factors, religiosity could predict some account of variance in well-being.

This Study aimed to present the God's control mechanisms on the individual's behavior and their effects on adjusting the social behavior from viewpoint of the Koran. The main question was that what mechanisms used by God to control the individual's behavior and what their effects on adjusting the social behavior are from viewpoint of the Koran. In the study have been applied the qualitative method (grounded theory) by referring the whole Koran, verse by verse, and then encoding and analyzing the related verses. The results show that a) the God's control mechanisms are categorized into three groups: the God's direct control, the divine angel's control, and all of the individual's actions are saved and they will be revealed in the hereafter; b) knowing of those mechanisms and believing on them cause to adjust the individual's behavior and control the abnormalities; c) the Islamic managers can adjust the social behavior and oppose the abnormalities by obtained Koranic teachings.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Islamic life style and social health among people of Yazd city. This study was a survey research and 384 people were selected from the triple regions in Yazd city by Sampling with Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). The data collecting have been conducted through Kavyani's (1390) Islamic life style scale and Keye's (1998) social health. The results showed that among men and women, men's average of social health was significantly more in comparison with women's and also married people's average of social health was more than single people's (P<0.05). In addition, women's average of Islamic life style was significantly more compared to men's (P<0.05). There was a direct and significant relationship between Islamic life style and social health and its aspects. In other words, if life style conforms to Islam more and more, social health and its aspects will be better and better. In accordance with the study results, developing Islamic life style in the society would cause to improve social health.

The objective of this study was to investigate the shortcomings of today's psychological viewsabout the normality and abnormality criteria and explaining those from the Islamic view. The questions were: a) what are the today's psychological views about the normality and abnormality criteria? b) what are the normality and abnormality criteria from the Islamic view? This study is a descriptive-analytical research. The data were collected from some related texts and then described and analyzed. The study results showed that a) in the today's psychology, there is not a precise agreement on the normality and abnormality criteria; b) there are lots of shortcomings in regard to the criteria presented by researchers; c) some those shortcomings are: not being general about all human societies and not being stable in different periods of time and culture; d) in the Islamic view, normality comes from the human nature and abnormality comes from the adventitious factors; e) from the Islamic view, some abnormality criteria are: not being accepted by the majority of human society, being in disagreement with the ethical principles, and being problematic.

This research aims to compare the effectiveness of group cognitive therapy with and without the use of tales of Masnavi on the mental health among women having the marriage conflict. Therefore, with the help of convenience sampling, 25 women were selected from volunteers based on the enter-exit standards and then they were randomly divided into two cognitive therapy groups: with and without the use of tales of Masnavi. The members of two groups responded the questionnaires of marriage conflict and general health (GHQ-28) before and after intervening. Analyzing the data using ANOVA with repeated measure showed that both interventions helped decrease the marriage conflict and also increase the mental health (P<0.05). In addition, the results of covariance analysis showed that the scores of cognitive therapy group which used the tales of Masnavi were significantly better than another group (P<0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that the use of tales of Masnavi has effectiveness of cognitive therapy on increasing the mental health among women having the marriage conflict.

This study attempted to answer the question: what is the effect of spiritual intelligence on the mental health of human resources and leadership in organizations? So, the descriptiveanalytical methodology was applied in order to investigate the concept of spiritual intelligence, its principles, its characteristics, and its aspects. Then, the relationship between the spiritual intelligence and the mental health of human resources and leadership was taken into account. Some study results were: a) investigating the number of ways of improving the spiritual intelligence; b) making obvious the direct effect of spiritual intelligence on the mental health of human resources; c) giving the leaders and managers some suggestions to improve themselves and their employees spiritually, formulate a strategy which is in consistency with the spiritual culture in the strategic planning of organization, and as a result, increase the mental health of human resources.