Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2014

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of reactive dye structure and the type of penetrant in ink formulation on different kinds of paper ink-jet printing. Six different types of paper with different textures or gloss and the same grammage were printed upon with three commercial reactive dyes, i.e. C.I. Reactive Blue 49 (Ink 1, 4), C.I. Reactive Blue 21 (Ink 2, Ink 5) and C.I. Reactive Blue 19 (Ink 3, Ink 6), which are based on different reactive groups, chromophores and possess different numbers of anionic groups. Ethylene glycol mono butyl ether (Ink1 to Ink 3) and Ethylene glycol di-butyl ether (Ink 4 to Ink6) were used in ink formulation as penetrants. Optical density, colorimetric properties, wash and light fastness of the printed papers were evaluated. The results indicated that the printed subjects with Ink 1 to Ink 3 had less optical density, high dye penetration and good wash fastness properties compared to Ink 4 to Ink 6. Ink 2 and Ink 5 showed excellent wash and light fastness on the most of the substrates compared to other inks. A higher optical density of printed images is obtained by using glossy substrates. Prog.

ctton fabric was treated with fluorine gas in a nitrogen atmosphere. The effect of fluorination treatments on wettability، whiteness index، dyeability and mechanical properties of cotton fabrics were assessed. Kawabata analysis shows that fluorination treatment increases shear stiffness (G)، shear hysteresis (2HG5)، bending stiffness (B) and overall fabric stiffness (Koshi) on cotton fabric. Fluorination increases hydrophilicity of cotton by reducing the wetting time to less than 10 seconds for fluorinated cotton. In addition، the uniformity of wetting improves for the fluorinated samples. Fluorinated cotton dyed with two different direct dyes shows a slightly decreased exhaustion rate and color yield. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to characterize untreated and fluorinated cotton. XPS indicates that oxidation، fluorination and formation bonds - COO and –CHF at 289. 5 eV occurred on the fluorinated cotton surface.

the dyeing behavior of annually renewable soybean protein fibers with Madder, Weld and Walnut seed husk, natural dyes, were investigated and their possible antimicrobial effects were evaluated. The results obtained from the dyeing of the Madder on the soybean fabric were compared with those on a wool fabric. It was shown that the amount of the amino acid content of the fiber has a great effect on the final color depth. The unusual change in the color of the Madder on the soybean fabric upon washing in an alkaline washing solution is also addressed. Also, a good antimicrobial activity against the grampositive bacterium for the Walnut husk and Madder dyes were revealed while the effect of Weld dye was practically negligible. However, these natural dyes on the soybean fabric did not show any significant antibacterial properties against gram-negative bacterium.

in recent years, combinatorial methods have attracted a great deal of attention. Among them, sono-combining techniques have shown a significant potential as an economic technology applicable and environment-friendly technology for wastewater treatment. In this study, Sono Electrochemical (SE), Sono Photo Electrochemical (SPE) and Sono Photo Electro Catalytic (SPEC) techniques were investigated for decolorization of Acid Red 88 (AR88). It was found that SPEC is capable of decolorizing AR88 entirely after 35minutes by using Ni-TiO2 as a catalyst with higher efficiency than SPE and SE techniques. The results are also shown that SPE had more yield than SE because in the case of SPE, the process was performed not only by sonolysis but also by photoelectrolysis. Furthermore, initial concentration of dye, initial pH, current density and concentration of supporting electrolyte were investigated and the optimum conditions were obtained. Based on the obtained results, SPEC is an appropriate technology for decolorizing of acid dyes completely with a faster rate. Photocatalyst efficiency was evaluated using SEM and XRD techniques. The characterization of the post-treated product using HPLC studies revealed intermediate compounds.

rosin is used in adhesives, printing inks, protective coatings, rubbers and pharmaceutical applications. In this research, novel dual UV/thermal curable epoxy rosinate was synthesized by esterification of epoxy resin and purified rosin. Synthesized product was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy techniques and acid value. UV curable resin was formulated by benzophenone as photoinitiator, dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) as catalyst, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) and hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as reactive diluents. Ingredients in formulation of UV/thermal curableepoxy rosinate have been balanced for achieving the best properties. Thermal behaviors of cured film were characterized by TGA and DSC. Film properties such as hardness, impact resistance, adhesion, gloss, flexibility, solvent rub resistance and gel fraction have also been evaluated after UV/ Thermal dual curing.

in the present work an evaluation was carried out on the effect of dye-bath pH and mordant type on the obtained shades and fastness properties in wool dyeing with cochineal. In this way wool samples were first mordanted with four different mordants and subsequently dyed with cochineal at different dyebath pH values of 1 to 9. Colorimetric evaluations were carried out and the fastness properties of the dyed samples were assessed. Changes in the chemical structure of the dye in different pH conditions were also discussed. It was found that the pH of the dye-bath has a great effect on the obtained shades. Based on the results, a combination of dyeing in different values of dye-bath pH from 1 to 9 along with mordanting with various mordants can considerably develop a range of obtainable hues in dyeing of wool with cochineal. Based on the obtained results, the studied different pH conditions have not significant effect on the fastness properties.

many surface defects may appear in electrophoretic coatings. One of the most important defects in automotive coatings is cratering. An improved aqueous electrocoating composition containing an anticrater additive which is a reaction product of silane component based on glycidoxy propyl trimethoxysilane and polyoxypropylene diamine. The synthesized compound is used to reduce crater numbers in the final electrocoated car bodies. Prepared samples were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopy. The number of craters in the electrocoated sample was evaluated by GM9532p standard. The final anticrater-containing electrocoat produced coating with a smoother surface and fewer craters.