فصلنامه توسعه کارآفرینی
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1387)

This article has been derived from a survey research report under the title of “Study of the Opportunities for Establishment and Development of Cooperative Institutes in Decorative Flowers Industry in Qom" which occurred in 2007. The current situation moves toward seeking the objective of the research, Growing and distributing flowers in the province was considered in terms of employment creation and economically evaluated as well.The main tools for data gathering was a questionnaire and interviews and the main evaluation techniques were POP, NPV, PI and IRR. The parameters were focused on the kinds of flowers, greenhouseS (roofed or unroofed) and the situation of flower gardens (rented or owned). At the end of the research, our findings express that growing some kinds of flowers such as tuberose, carnation, chrysanthemum, rose and petunia are economical to breed in the Province of Qom.

Obviously, each emerging scientific field is confronted with the challenge of distinctive explanation in terms of theoretical-conceptual framework. Entrepreneurship, which is not an exception to this rule, is also to go through this challenge to prove its scientific distinction as an essential requirement. The definition of entrepreneurship will help to provide a basis for conduct of entrepreneurial education, research and counseling which will ultimately contribute to integration of disparate elements of entrepreneurship issues and research towards the growth and development of this area as an emerging scientific field.This paper focuses on the entrepreneurship field as a distinctive and integrative topic for theories and frameworks tailored to the needs of the dynamic modern world based on the universally-accepted logical standards combined method has been used to analyze the issues towards attainment of the goal pursued in this paper.

What characteristics should an entrepreneur manager have? Are the managers and entrepreneurs the same or different? How can the attitude and personality of an entrepreneur be identified? Attitude assessment is one of the methods of recognizing behavioral aspects which are somewhat the origin of behaviors. Based on the research conducted by researchers on entrepreneurs’ traits and their ensuing findings, we try to assess managers’ characteristics in the Telecommunication Company of Iran. These characteristics which form an integral part of entrepreneurs’ personality include: flexibility, perseverance, pragmatism, risk-bearing, opportunism, self-confidence, decisiveness, introversion and...In this research, fifteen characteristics has been selected from among a wide range of varieties and then questionnaires have been distributed among 82 managers. The result shows that entrepreneurial characteristics do not have any relationship with position, gender and service records. Meanwhile, the average of questionnaire marks indicates that managers’ characteristics were more than theoretical average (2.5). The questionnaire marks were placed between 3 to 3.3.This range of results indicates that managers have entrepreneurial characteristics. Obviously, the managers potentially have these characteristics. Although a manager can be an entrepreneur, he can not actually behave or operate as an entrepreneur because of his improper position or environment. Therefore, it is better to assess actual behaviors and entrepreneurial functions.

For two centuries, universities have played vital roles in training and educating human resources throughout the world. From the viewpoint of entrepreneurship development and entrepreneurship education, universities have obviously had great contribution in this sector. The changing process of entrepreneurship training and education from traditional methods toward systematic and knowledge-based training methods is the result of attracting university-educated youth for starting a business based on new know-how and modern technology.These developments have shown and proved that, still, universities play major roles in educating knowledge-based entrepreneurs which mostly constitute the young people.In this research paper, we have emphasized the current role of the University of Tehran in producing knowledge and skill capacities of the educated youth to start up knowledge-based SMEs and its growth process. The findings show that there are essential changes to be made in the strategy of the University of Tehran on entrepreneurship educational system.

Entrepreneurship has arguably emerged over the last two decades as the most robust economic force the world has ever experienced. With its expansion, has come a similar increase in the field of entrepreneurship education. The recent growth and developments in the curricula and programs devoted to entrepreneurship and new-venture creation have been remarkable. The number of colleges and universities that offer courses related to entrepreneurship has grown from a handful in the 1970s to over 1,600 in 2005. In the midst of this huge expansion remains the challenge of complete academic legitimacy for entrepreneurship. While it can be argued that some legitimacy has been attained in the current state of entrepreneurship education, there are still critical challenges ahead. This article focuses on the trends and challenges in entrepreneurship education for the 21st century.

Entrepreneurship acts as a driving force towards economic and social development. Remarkably SMEs with competent owners are the sound mainstays for entrepreneurial initiatives and moves.This paper, being the outcome of fieldwork research, explains the entrepreneurial concepts, challenges and educational goals and then contemplates on the business cycle life of SMEs.The paper extensively covers definitions, questions, research areas sample study groups and also analyzes the data gathered from observations, interviews and questionnaires. In conclusion, certain suggestions are made to design and administer entrepreneurship education.