نشریه عرفان اسلامی
پیاپی 48 (تابستان 1395)

One of the areas of humor application is in Farsi literature and theosophical works. Common points between theosophy and humor have caused them to be conjoined in theosophical poetry and to be used with the background of theosophical humor in mystic works. Hence, theosophical language structure and also humor structure which rely on some aspect of non-contradiction principle; creates the logical and structural basis for usage of humor. Moreover, both theosophy and humor are based on spirit elation and training as well. Therefore, theosophy and humor have a deep bond together and overlap on another in terms of structure and concept.

“Patience” is one of the most important mystical stations – to which the mystic should become eligible not to be troubled by the problems of the conduct. In the viewpoint of Imam Ali (as.), patience plays a significant role in man’s spiritual journey towards God. Accordingly, Imam Ali describes the way to achieve its ranks and effects in order to strengthen the motivations to achieve this mystical station. KhwajahAbdullah Ansari also considers patience as one of the first steps that should be taken by the mystics guiding their way to the right; he also regards patience as a station for the lower and middle ranks; moreover, he uncovers the role of patience in soul’s perfection concerning the effect of ‘patience’ in the spiritual journey.

Sweet story of love is a common theme in theosophy and among lovers of literature, which fills humankind's life with its heavenly perfume as a way to remind us of heaven and even encouraging setting off. Love is featured with codes and secrets, and it is Molavi's job to reveal the secretes as he considers it as a trust to all creatures in their quest toward the One, and it is trusted in heart of very particles in the universe. This essay as a descriptive work is a try to discuss love as a key toward treasure of existence and heaven and surveys viewpoint of Molavi Roomi in this regard, so it is a fresh air of love and reminder of the source of love through recognizing true and fake love.

Undoubtedly there is a relationship between poem and religion from long ago so that praise of Islam prophet as a manifestation of God is a support for those poets who are Sufi, o clear virtues and perfections of prophet for all the people and also mention some popular traditions of Sufi.
It's clear unsaid that Borde elegy is one of the masterpieces of Arab literature and Sharafod-in- Mohammad Bousiri change it to poem for the aim of resorting to prophet Mohammad in the pride and boasting period of Gnosticism Osmani-Mamlooki era.
Findings in this research show that Bousiri is not really a gnostic poet and especially of gnostic poets such as mystically idioms is not so much in his works but it can be said that in effect of his period existing of Sufism in Bousiri Borde is not so surprising.
The poet speaks about the important points of mystically such as Mohammadie reality, intercession and praising by using beautiful language of poem and amorous statement, using simple language and also using less mystically idioms.

Frankfort school is a philosophical, intellectual source founded by German intellectuals in 20th century with a socio-critical approach. The aesthetic theory tends to be the most principal drive of this school. Unlike the proponents of the theory- the submission method of two sociology schools: (a) old traditional (Madam Duvstal and Hippolyte Taine) who just focused on social issues in the literature, and (b) newer traditional (George Koumaj and Lucien Goldman) who could not surpass the social interests and the structure of social unit- the thinkers of Frankfort school believe in the informativeness, independence, logical and revolutionary nature of art and try to evaluate the originality of an artistic work based on theses insights.
This paper deals with four above-mentioned concepts, i.e. the critical aspect of art, the ideological nature of art (political component), revolutionary approach, and the independence nature of artistic work. Analysin the story of ‘Lion and forest animals’ of Moulavi, it was revealed that-unlike the surface layer in which most scholars of Masnavi deal with- in the underlying layers of the this story, there resides a special revolutionary, critical and mystical style.

Dream and sleep, always accompanying man, act as a means of empowerment to discover the secrets of the universe or analysis of global affairs. Events that happened in the depths of history and the texts obtained from show that they have long been inherent in human beings throughout their various civil and individual aspects. According to sociological and tribal regulations, each one of human communities has certain definition of that and on certain situations and circumstances they have enjoyed using that. In theology of human knowledge the word sleep has both independent definitions and special functions. The dream of human life at all ages is a great tool for visualization of human desires and specific language concepts that for any reason he is not able to talk about it clearly. It is surprising that through the concept of dream that itself requires putting into language human beings have committed the conceptualization and illustration.

Politic has the meaning of governing and is an important factor that shows domination over communities. It refers to the things that affect the relationship between the ruler and his subjects and political stability. Responsibility and safety of community are other responsibilities of politicians. Love is another issue that no one can ignore its impact on his/her lives. Love and politics have both similarities and differences and influence each other. As in the episodes of history, governor's mistakes caused deviations in love, and these deviations have toppled the government. In this study, while expressing different opinions about love and politics, these two issues have been studied in poetries of three mystic poets namely Sanaei, Molavi and Hafez. The result of this study is that mystic poets have interpreted each phenomenon in a spiritual way to reflect the divine effects. Among the three poets discussed here, this feature can be seen in Molavi and Hafez. Deviation in love can be seen in Sanayee's lyrics more and also a little in poems of Hafez that is criticized.

Regarding the word Sama and its acceptance and condemnation in mystical journey and conduct much has been said. The writer has tried to shed light on the importance of the real Sama for everyone by expressing various reasons and literary evidences, introducing it as an attractive means toward stimulating and exciting mankind’s psyche for reaching the truth and gaining cognition; the means that due to various reasons has been condemned from the view points of some; nevertheless, a logical relation between gnostic Sama and worshipful circumambulation, because Sama like circumambulation is justifiable as a means or way of doing particular actions, that in the light of appearance have similar manner in common; of course, this justification must be in a way that should not be against the religion of Islam and will open a more attractive way for understanding the truth and perfection of human being as gainst mankind.
The aim of writing this paper is to show the spiritual relations of the above two rotations, and the reasons for the agreements and disagreements of the great theoreticians will be presented. Therefore more disciples will be absorbed on the way towards truth and take them away from deviating path. With this viewpoint in mind, mystical Sama is not accounted as a means in the hands of neither a particular group nor a particular sect, but all the truth-seekers can enjoy it, provided that they take a look at its original meaning.

Believing in Unity of Existence (Pantheism) involves necessarily believing in existentialism. Essentialists argue that things essence and substance are fixed and invariable; and things vary in terms of their essences and truths. Existence or being is subjective and is being realized through creation of a substance in outside world or mind. Being could not be true, without realized essences. Also, philosophers argue that essences and truths of things are separate and their unity is subjective. And what are realized are different things and plural essences. The paper analyzes Ibn Arabi and Meister Eckhart’s views on unity of existence. Both of these mystics and thinkers belong to Abrahamic religions, but one of them is a Muslim and the other is a Christian and proponent of roman church.

Ebne Farez and Ebne Arabi had so many talks about the characteristics and qualifications of the human that causes the wayfarer to ascend from earth to heavens and array him with perfection attributes. One of the most important characteristics that lead the wayfarer of God to the highest rank of the human being is satisfaction of God that results from the knowledge of the worshipper. The gnostic worshipper relies on God and yields towards Him and His wants and always seeks divine satisfaction. Getting to this satisfaction is the result of the worshipper's fear of God so that he gets to a point where God is pleased with him and he is pleased with God in turn. With this in mind that the main purpose of the present research is the investigation of "satisfaction in the poems of Ebne Farez and Ebne Arabi", the ultimate advantage shows that: Ebne Farez and Ebne Arabi enlighten the way to the level of satisfaction for the wayfarer by means of the effective language of poetry and emphasis on love and kindness, worship, fighting and struggling with one's whimsical desires, patience, forbearance and acceptance of difficulties.

Mahdaviat is a very important topic in Islamic mysticism. This topic is because of merging two topics of haghighat-e Mohammedia, Sufism and Islam and Shiism emerged province. Haghighat-e Mohammedia is the concept of finality in mysticism and messianism province is an expression of religious ideas-the continuation of the Prophet because of Imam, Imam Mahdi. These two issues with integration in an independent interpretation of mysticism are called Islamic messianism, which has been a subject of discussion before it lawful scheme.

Hafiz is adorer nightingale who singes in our rose garden Bing, is centuries that is in our hearts and houses and it is eliminates distress and make us happiness. Love and loved in the doses of Hafiz and his poems, because everybody think about them, because of its complexity. And that Hafiz seeks which loved? And what is his aim from this loved? And everybody has become his friend from oneself suspicion and along with him go to wavy sea, till where he peer? All Hafiz seeker/ researchers and commentators from past till know. Numerous attempts have done for explaining of Hafiz caplets and any one has watched him with oneself heart and have given him a name but they don’t agree that Hafiz loved has a land appearance or a he evenly conscience. It seems that Hafiz loved is beyond from soiled and terrestrial boundaries and its signs that tell us about loved, is a light that give from real loved in flamed face to lovers till to understand oneself sweet heart easier. In this article, some loved appearance specificities is investigated in explaining of mystical high purposes of Hafiz.