فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت ترافیک
پیاپی 28 (بهار 1392)

Nowadays the role of transportation in field of sustainable development is very important and irrefutable. One basis of sustainable development is to generate sustainable transportation systems. It is obvious that prerequisite of economic status improvement is to generate and operate transportation systems with high efficiency. Reducing pollutants, preservation of land resources, and improvement of life quality should be in the urban planner’s preferences. The challenge before the transportation decision makers is how to evaluate and select such sustainable transportation systems. In this paper, we present a multi-criteria decision making approach for selecting sustainability transportation systems under partial or incomplete information (uncertainty). The proposed approach comprises of three steps. In step one; we identify the criteria for sustainability assessment of transportation. In step two, experts provide linguistic ratings to the potential alternatives against the selected criteria. Fuzzy TOPSIS is used to generate aggregate scores for sustainability assessment and selection of best alternative. In step three, sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the influence of criteria weights on the decision making process. One of the strength points of proposed work is its practical applicability.

Twenty-First century as the “Era of Sustainability” is the millennium in which existence of humans and also other creatures is dependent on the development of knowledge, particularly amongst children and teenagers. Nevertheless, in many countries, especially “developing countries”, there are numerous weaknesses and failures in regards to the awareness of traffic. This trend has led to unpleasant socio-economic consequences as well as environmental ones which may jeopardise the future of planet Earth. In regards to this, the present research will be carried out with the descriptive-analytical method. The main aim of this paper is to encourage and institutionalize sustainability, awareness and traffic education as well as propagation and development of the use of sustainable modes of transportation such as bicycles, particularly amongst children and adolescents. In addition to this we will analyse international experiences about training sustainability awareness and traffic education, especially in Iran. We will also review weaknesses and failures of sustainability awareness training and traffic education in this country’s curriculum. The findings indicate that not only in some of the developed countries there are many innovations related to training sustainability awareness, but major efforts have been made on traffic education in most countries, particularly amongst children and young adults that have had valuable results. Nonetheless, in our country, such topics have no place within curriculum, so they not only lead to the unpleasant consequences for social and ecological sustainability, but are expected to lead to the “unsustainability continuum cycle” or “unsustainability reproduction”.

Nowadays accidents, related fatalities and other consequences are a worldwide problem. This issue is particularly important in developing countries, such as Iran. For incident management and the various organizations involved, access to updated information is the first important step to establish the communication between the involved parties and for the optimal management of accidents. But the disparities and differences in the structure and semantics of data and services create significant barriers in information integration. The purpose of this study is to provide the means of solving interoperability problems, through combining the existing technologies in the field of web services and Geospatial Web service with the ones in the field of Semantic Web. Following this aim, a system for identification and notification of accident-prone roads has been designed based on the service-oriented architecture. In this system, the ontology is used to enrich the semantics of data and services. For this purpose, the designed ontology consists of concepts related to the field of road accidents and their relationships. The findings of this study show that this system has the capability of storing other organizations’ data, which have different ontology designs. Also, a Geospatial Web service is implemented in accordance with the OGC standards and with semantic annotation of that, an ontology-based web service is developed.

Spread use of automobiles has increased traffic, environmental pollution, disease, energy consumption, etc., especially in big cities. A basic approach is the expansion of using bicycles in urban transportation especially for short trips, but cycling culture has not been developed in Iran. Cultural factors play an important role in this field, but have rarely been investigated. The present study has tried to investigate the relationship between physical and mental awareness towards cycling and using bikes on short trips. The research method is a cross-sectional survey. The population is men aged 15-64 in Isfahan and 400 subjects were selected using multi-stage random sampling. The measurement tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that included two scales; content validity and construct validity through factor analysis were used to determine the validity and the reliability was measured by Cranach Alpha coefficient. Research descriptive findings showed that the level of using bicycles is low among men, but the awareness towards physical and mental benefits of cycling is high. The analytical results indicated that there is a significant relationship between awareness towards bicycle benefits and using bicycles. In other words, with increasing awareness towards cycling, bicycle usage is increased.

Respecting the extensive statistics of motorcycle fatalities and also the plurality of this vehicle in the city of Shiraz, the rate of violations, related accidents and its importance, This Study aims to review and analyze the causes of non-compliance to Rahvar driving rules by motorcyclists from the Viewpoint of experts in the city of Shiraz. The present study is based on descriptive – survey method. Measuring instruments, comprise a questionnaire of 32 questions in which 6 indexes related to the non-compliance to Rahvar driving rules by motorcyclists were examined and in terms of reliability and validity in an acceptable level were assessed. Data collected and received from traffic experts out of a sample survey of 113 individuals or (individual motorcyclists) via total counting using single-factor descriptive statistics and chi-squared test, Spearman correlation coefficients were analyzed. The results showed that there is no relationship between psychological and cultural factors and the extent of non-observance the traffic laws. However, there is a relationship between economic, social, demographic, environmental factors and the extent of noncompliance to the traffic laws. A closer and broader investigation in provinces and also at national level as well as the study of this very issue on disobedient motorcyclists also recommended.

One of the complicated steps in transportation planning involving a large amount of mathematical calculations is traffic assignment for which, some heuristic methods have been devised. Incremental traffic assignment method, despite its low accuracy, is considered due to its simplicity and much less calculations. In this Paper, the assumption of equal step size in the traditional incremental traffic assignment is relaxed, showing that with intelligent variable, partitioning the demand in the different steps of the algorithm, the accuracy of the method will increase. The proposed algorithm is applicable the city of Mashhad as a real sized case study showing an increase in the accuracy of results and decrease in amount of calculations and related time. Results indicate that for a certain number of iteration, the appropriate solutions accrue when the other steps have the least variation size. Also, a leaner relation is observed between the number of the iteration and first step size. The main advantage of this technique is that it can provide a simple and economical method for traffic assignment as compared with user equilibrium in which R2 for that is equal to 0.57and for a stochastic assignment is equal 0.53.