مجله الجمعیه العلمیه الایرانیه للغه العربیه و آدابها، فصلیه علمیه محکمه
سال نهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 28، خریف 2013)

The vast similarity of poetic language، strange images، and magical metaphors in Adonis poems with the principles of surrealism has became the style of his writing a surrealist one. We can see signs of surrealism from the first works of Adonis and these sings appear in his poetic language and style in the Diwan titled “Changes and departure to territories of day and night”. Besides، till now، no structural analysis has not been done about surrealism in Adonis’s poems. Therefore، we in this article to analyze his poems through surrealistic elements. For this purpose، we chose his book “Changes and departure to territories of day and night” and through an descriptive approach، determined instants of surrealism. The results showed that all of elements and sings of surrealism exist in this Diwan.

The issue of Palestine is the issue of a nation who tries to liberate his land، return the freedom to his earth، and expel the invaders from his home. This is one of the most important issues، which has taken the attention lot of Arab writers، specially the dramatists. Then lots of Arab writers began to show their political presence through their literary works talking about the tragedy of the Palestine nation. General speaking، Arabic drama has specified some of its part to the Palestine issue by focusing on illustrating how the Palestine nation has been oppressed by the Zionists. One of these dramatists is “Ali Oghla Orsan”، a Syrian writer and critic who has put (according to him) the Palestine issue in the center of his concerns. One of his dramas، which deals with this issue is “Felestiniat”. As it is clear from the title، it deals specially with the Palestine issue and considers tragedy of Palestine as a big catastrophe for Arab nations. And in this article، we are going to analyze reflections of the Palestine issue in this drama. By focusing on the drama elements like characters، dialogues and spaces، we understand that the original theme of this drama is illustrating the oppression، which has been imposed on palistinians and other extra themes like encouraging to revolution and resistance، as well as picturing the War of 1948، and risings and homeless of Palestinians plus picturing of resistant Palestinian females. This drama insists from beginning to end on this principle that resistance is the only solution to solve the Palestine crisis.

In contemporary poetry، symbolism is one of the outstanding features used by poets to bestow several layers to their language، make the poem more beautiful and confront to the reader in order to discover the meaning and purpose of the poem with much more joy. Arabic Committed Literature has used this artistic feature and Arab poets have created beautiful and elegant imageies through the symbolic language. Committed Literature seeks a special kind of symbolism due to its topics and themes. One of the great poets of symbolism in Committed Literature، which may also be considered as the most practical one، is the contemporary Iraqi poet، Javal Jamil. His famous collection ''Al Hossein Loghat Saniyah'' deals with poems of Hosseini. It uses language mixed with symbolism; a language that needs to be explored since it has been neglected by the critics. Thus، the present article aims to use a descriptive-analytical method to study the kinds of symbolism used in this collection. However، considering the widespread and entanglement of the symbols used، the ones that are only related to the concepts of resistance will be taken into account.

«Arman Shahr» in the thought of poets and litarymans is a city of pleasure and unknown place with in which all hunan bings live in freedom and happiness، and there is no cruelty and injustice. This thought has been mentioned in contemporary Arabic and Persian poetry with different symbols، and is often the result of a kind of exile sorrow inside the poet that guides him to an ideal society dream. City of «Eram Zat Al Emad» is proposed as a more clear symbol for desire in contemporary Arab poetry. Similarly، ancient Iran period makes a pleasure place (Madina Fazeleh) for many of the contemporary persian poets. Also the date of appearance of Mahdi promised (pbuh)، place of born and main home are common symbols of two langunges'' poets، in drawing their city of pleasure. On the other hand، many of dramatical symbols، wich are the result of romantic thought of contemporary poets، are used in the design of this unknown city. In this article، we will answer the following questions by analysis of the pleasure symbols in Persian and Arabic contemporary Poetry: • In which kind of symbols are represented the different symbols of Arman-shahr (pleasure city) in contemporary Persian and Arabic poetry? • Which kind of common symbols and dramatical symbols used by contemporary poets of two languages in drawing of Madina Fazeleh?

In «narrative semantics» theory of Greimas، the meaning is understood through discursive text segmentation. In this semantics process، the action and state as important conversation factors could form the main discourse and change the status to another form and after change modes. The action makes the intelligent discourse systems and the state makes emotional discourse systems. The sustainability in the story of “Habl-on Kal-Warid” can be studied from a new semantic perspective. In this discourse، Abu-Hani، the main story character، wants to change his spiritual status; this change occurs unconsciously at particular time and place by the young fighters. Feelings and perceptions، particularly auditioning، form this state process. On the other hand، sometimes، the action creates the story state، and the state creates the action. Intelligent and perceptional discourse systems interact with each other in “Habl-on Kal-Warid” tale and make different kinds of semantics; however، the main discourse is sentimental. Thematically، dominant discourse is ethics because of the tale''s sustainability، morality and value. The aim of this paper is to study the semantic process and the narrative traits of “Habl-on Kal-Warid” story to achieve its main meaning functions and details.

Khaqani''s Arabic poems need correction and overview more than his Persian poems، because any kind of study like comparison and conformation in his Arabic poems will require their understanding. This paper is a criticism on a paper named «A Thematic Study on Khaqani''s Arabic Odes and its Comparison with Persian Ones». The writer، after re-correcting some Arabic verses، has re-read them and tried to give the right meaning of them. This research will show how distortion، change of letters، insertion and removal of letters will obstacle the right understanding of the Arabic poems of Khaghani. Therefore، the order of this paper conforms exactly the order of the criticized article، and its research references are 3 corrected poetical works of Khaqani، which were used by the writers of the former article.

Pretending to be fool، as a poetic phenomenon، appeared in the Abbasi era، and in fact، it is a manner in which the smart poet and sagacious literary by pretending to be ignorant، expresses the society and its issues، grieves، and problems in irony styles. In this paper، the causes of pretending to be fool or ignorant in poetry and the reasons for inclination toward it in the Abbasid era have been investigated. In addition، the most important objectives that poets who fool themselves had attempted to grasp، have been explained. Then the issues have been raised in these poems and their literary values and technical characteristics have also been analyzed. Furthermore، it has been tried to investigate the outcomes and consequences of such poems by describing the conditions and thoughts among the Abbasid society and analyzing the lives and poems of the poets who pretended to be fool or ignorant.

Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayyati (1926-1999) is one of the most famous Arabic new poetry pioneers in the current age who deals with the design of Iraqi’s contemporary superman tragic failure plunge in the form of Alexander Maghdooni in his distinguished tragic poetry «Mavto- al-Eskandar al-Maghdooni» text from «Al-Mavto fi Al-Hayate»، In Persian literature، also Mahdi Akhavan Sales (1307-1369) in all his magnificent fiction-like «Sangestan City» Story from «Az in Avesta» text interprets the tragic failure of Iranian mythicized superman or the very Sangestan city''s king in a ritual veneration. This essay، by comparative reading of both tragic poems، deals with Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayyati and Mahdi Akhavan Sales tragic model in superman failure picture، and tries to reveal these two elegies homogeneity and heterogeneity in the narration of the heros'' failure. For reaching this aim، the author after reviewing briefly the life and works of these two text''s creators، initially considers the significant elements in these tragic works by emphasis on the story plan and their stractures and the picture and thought and vision of a superman. Then for finding tragic circulation parallelism، he engages in analizing both texts'' speech and techniques and the hearer'' mental interaction in them. In the final part، he observes the narrators'' teological and predictive. The final result of the current research is a relatively successful utilization of these two creators of both versions of tragedy and fiction along with determining explicitely the latent eternity goal in conscious mind with drawing death and nihility figures in a tragic and mournful circulation.