مجله الجمعیه العلمیه الایرانیه للغه العربیه و آدابها، فصلیه علمیه محکمه
سال دهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 33، شتاء 2014)

Semiotics is a new approach to study the modern literary criticism, which deal with literary criticism and analysis. Also some elements of the text evaluate the title by new methods and styles that are hidden by critics.According to the critics, title is the first point that the audience faces with, and it is the semantic key, which summarizes the structure of the text into one or some words, and through it, the reader gets deep into the text to find its codes. So that the meaning of the text is being understood. since, the title is a sign of typology, it is a clue to the understanding of the content of the text, which and it is placed on the top of the text, that’s why it is paid special attention.Accordingly, this paper investigates and analyzes the semiotics in these two poems “A Letter from Exile” by Mahmoud Darvish and “letter” by Ahmad Shamloo. Also it compar’s of the word "letter" in their titles. The approach of this essay is descriptive – analytical, and is based on the American comparative literature.The results showed that the term “letter” indicates the situations of the societies which the poets live. Mahmoud Darwish's poem refers to a situation in where millions of people have been displaced from their motherland due to the eminences and ambitions of some minority, and for years, they have been the victim of oppression and aggression, and have battled against the ongoing conditions to regaine their human rights. Shamloo is also the symbol of the oppression on his people, the tyranny deepend into the society, caused deprivation of its people from their rights, and made them the absolute obedients of the tyrant ruler. His poetry is a voice against tyranny to tear down the chains of dependency.So we can say the word "letter" suggests that the poet is trying to reflect the ongoing to the reader. Hence the concept of “letter” doesnot go beyond our understanding. Thus just the text implies the message.

A revolutionary poem is superior and valuable, not because of its political concepts but because of its artistic frameworks. This is because people are generally familiar with political concepts. It is just the artistic and beautiful verbal expression that makes the poem superior. Wrong understanding of the fact that a political poem should be close to the folk’s language and their general understanding in order to stimulate them to rebel has resulted in saying vulgar political odes, which are void of any kind of literal taste, and far from the “deviation” element. In his political-revolutionary poems, the committed Egyptian poet, Farouk Goweda, uses this phenomenon a lot to capture the audiences’ hearts and to influence them.Then, how has he utilized deviation in the revolutionary discourse of his poems?Based on what was researched in this article, it can be concluded that, in Goweda’s revolutionary poetry, deviation appears in seven semantic, temporal, grammatical, written, verbal/lingual, dialectical, and vocabulary levels. Goweda does not consider vocal deviation, but in the seven mentioned levels, he has been able to suitably use deviation formats to attract his audiences’ attention to political, oppositive and revolutionary objectives.

The origin of discourse analysis is taken from linguistics, semiology, and especially the ideas of Michel Foucault, and because of paying attention to form and content, it is considered a comprehensive method in textual analysis. In this inquiry, attempt is made to analyze and explain the two stories of “Khosrow” by Abdolhossein Vejdani and “The First Cup” by Manfalouti with using Norman Ferklaf’s approach in critical discourse analysis. In addition to studying the two writers’ viewpoints in this processing, we wanted to discover different layers of meaning and its themes. The results showed that Vejdani and Manfalouti, by employing a specific critical approach towards social issues could make a link between these problems and their exit way. The writers of these two stories succeeded in beautifully delineating the miseries and frustrations of junkie’s life in not using his innate talents and favorable conditions of the society.

Among the relics left by the Shiite Imams (PBUT), prayers of Imam Sajjad (AS) in terms of style and framework are distinguished from other works. Imam Sajjad (PBUT) with the Sahifa, established a new chapter called “polite pray literature”, which in terms of literary is one of prominent and beautiful examples of the Arabic texts. Metaphors, assimilations and allusions of this book bring the beautiful artistic images, which are signs of the importance of these tropes in his viewpoint. Also use of certain imagery such as rhyme, pun, coordination, etc has created type of rhythm and music to the words which a’dds more beauty to this book. This article is to aesthetic critical analysis of these tropes in prayers, 23, 24 and 25 of Sahifa Sajjadiye using rhetorical approach.the method used this study is descriptive – analytical, which First discusses about the beauty and mystery of tropes. Then it analyz’s the selected texts from the Scriptures and describes the beauty of these tropes.

The story of Hayebne Yaghzan was first written in Arabic by Ibne Sina (Avicenna) and then by other thinkers such as Ibne Tofeil. With their unique styles, the authors have tried to make it a place for a rational knowledge of God. Although the way Ibne Sina has structured the story is very different from that of Ibne Tofeil, the theme in both of them is based on one single pivot; that is the very discovering the existence of the Supreme Lord. Now the questions raised are: “What commonalities and unique features there are between the contents of these two stories?” and “What is the relationship between the content of the story by Ibne Tofeil and that of the story by Ibne Sina?” By using the translations of these two works, the present paper compares, investigates and discovers the content similarities and differences in the two stories, and then by presenting views and opinions about the two works- such as lack of similarity between the two, except in terms of language, title and philosophical features- it criticizes the above stories. This research tries to use the text content analysis method and the views of the intellectuals to investigate the content relationship between the two works and to answer the raised questions in order to investigate the hypothesis that Ibne Tofeil has based his work on the theme of Ibne Sina work as a theory, and has given it a practical picture. In other words, it is as though Ibne Sina has presented a hypothesis, and Ibne Tofeil has proven that, and tried to extend and explain it.

This research has been carried out to assess different co-authorship indicators of the Iranian ssociation’s Journal of Arabic Language and Literature during 2012-2013. Results showed that in these two years 60 journals have been published, 40 of which are in Persian and 20 in Arabic. About 60 percent of the articles have been authored by faculty members and with the cooperation of two authors, showing that 78 percent of the journal’s authors had co-authorship relationships. The average of co-authorship index in this year was less than 0.5 that reveals the weakness in cooperation of the authors of this journal. 42 articles have been written with the cooperation of coauthors from one university, and in writing just 11 articles, the authors from different universities had cooperation, which shows lack of inter-university cooperation of the authors. Also this research showed that Tarbiat Modares University, Kharazmi University and Razi University, each with 6 articles, jointly have ranked first in article production. Among the authors of this journal, Dr. Kobra Roshanfekr is known as the most prolific author. Among the different types of document, authors cited books more than others. Mean citation of for each article is 24/15 citation, and for each number is 181/12.

Being one of the highly-valued topics of Islamic thoughts, martyr and martyrdom have been addressed by numerous writers. Allama Mohammad Hossein Fadlallah, one of the contemporary poets and Shia authorities, reflects some social and religious aspects of martyr and martyrdom in his poems. Considering the latter sentence, this paper is focused on the determination of those martyr categories and the related features in which the poet is highly interested. The unique discriminating aspect of the poetry of Allama Fazlullah about martyr and martyrdom, which reinforces the importance of the present paper, is the fact that most of his poems, in terms of martyr and martyrdom, are related to the religious and intellectual leaders, martyrs of his era, including Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, his sister Bentolhoda Sadr, and some of al-Dawa Islamic Party leaders who all, through their thoughts and beliefs, had some significant impacts on enlightening the people to fight against tyranny. Furthermore, having spent half of his life in Iraq, most of his poems are about the intellectual thinkers and religious leaders’ martyrs of Iraq. On the other hand, originating from the Holy Quran and the culture of Ashura, his views consist of some martyrs in Lebanon, Palestine and Iran too. Finally, in this paper, focusing on his "Pharisee Lil islam Val hyah" poetical works, the authors, in terms of martyr and martyrdom, try to evaluat the poems through a descriptive-analytical approach.