Scientific Journal of Rescue Relief
Volume:5 Issue: 2, 2013

Natural disasters are the major problems that mankind unable to prevent their occurrence despite increasing progress. It has been determined that 31 out of 40 natural disasters occur in Iran as one of the most vulnerable countries. However، this research tried to risk zoning of natural hazards in Golestan province and determination of the number of people living in each urban and rural area population. This study was done in order to investigate index of flood rising by using annual maximum instantaneous data DOE and data of monthly and annual rainfall measurement stations during the statistic period in 1986-2009. Also، the flood rise was determined with a return period of 25-year discharge maximum moment for each station by using “Hager” relationship in Golestan province. Then، plan of flood hazard risk zonation was drawn based on “Krijing” method. The results showed that the maximum and minimum of flood rise are for Pasposhte station in Minoodasht Township and Bandar Torkaman station (6/3 and 36/0) respectively. According to findings، 20. 5% of Golestan province was classified as very high-risk zone; 20. 7% high-risk zone; 39. 6% medium flood risk and 19. 2% in low-risk zone. The results were as follows: about 18/6% of rural population was in very high-risk zone and 14/5% in high-risk zone; 11/9% was in medium flood risk and 6/6% in low-risk zone; also، about 9/9% of urban population was very high-risk zones; 10/2% in high-risk areas، 18/9% within medium flood risk، also %9/1 was in low-risk zone in the province. According to the results، it is concluded that Golestan province is in high risk of flooding، about 31/1% of rural population are in very high and high risk zones in terms of human and financial. Thus، it is necessary to identify and prioritize management programs due to high-risk zones areas

Determining the appropriate locations for establishment of fire fighting stations are one of the important tasks and objectives of urban managers which should be prepared before implementation in a systematic framework. The main purpose of the site selection is to avoid wasting costs and also to ensure optimal performance of stations in contrast to urban systems. Quick and timely access to fire stations is essential for societies especially in urban ones. In this descriptive-analytical study، required information is collected by using a1/2000 land use map، field observation، and also studying the related projects to Jahrom city which is applied as the model used in the weighting of criteria in paired comparisons format by using GIS software، Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) and based on experts’ opinions. Data processing and analysis was performed in accordance with the criteria and standards for urban planning. At the end، the most appropriate locations are determined to establish centers. Buffering method is used to evaluate the fire fighting stations; however، eastern and western parts of Jahrom city didn’t cover of fire stations with 2000 and 1500m function of radius. Several steps must be taken for selecting a fire station site by using GIS such as: 1) To identify the used data; 2) To identify influencing factors for selecting a fire station site; 3) To enter influential factors in GIS; 4) To evaluate layers of information; 5) To overlap layers of criteria considering the importance of criteria; 6) To enter the final weight in GIS and composition of information layers; 7) To compare the results of site selection pattern with the realities. It is necessary to arrange new firefighting centre for Jahrom City due to population growth in the future; urban development; increased migration from rural areas to cities and also lack of facilities and fire stations in response to the needs. The results show that there was used of different information layers and effective geographical information system (GIS) especially for selecting a fire station site and also assessment of status in Jahrom city. Finally، two locations were detected suitable for establishment of new fire station after comparison between the results of site selection pattern with the actual location of the study area considering all the parameters affecting the process of site selection.

Prehospital Emergency Medical System is one of the critical parts in health care sector which has been usually unnoticed. Delivering quick، efficient and high quality care in this system has a large impact on mortality and morbidity of patients. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study، 20662 cases in 4 months in the middle of the year 2008. Missions over 8 minutes from when the time of call receiving to arrival on the scene were detected and survivedFor statistical analysis ANOVA was used. Most of the missions were done between 8 to10 minutes. Nine reasons were detected for this arrival delay: 1) destruction of the road، 2) traffic، 3) rainy weather، 4) long way to the scene، 5)scarcity of ambulance in the center near the scene، 6)wrong address، 7) cannot find the address، 8) delay in dispatching the ambulance، 10)delay in arrival because of technicians. in Shiraz Emergency Medical system the most important reasons for missions over 8 minutes were scarcity of ambulance in the center near the scene، traffic، long way to the scene. Quick arrival on the scene has a large effect on patients، though، health ministry and emergency centers should pay more attention on this sector and deliver financial support for equipped emergency centers due to the population and demand for emergency centers.

Organizational Justice (OJ) is a term used to define the role of fairness within an organization because it is directly related to the organization. Employees are interested in matters related to justice due to its influence on job attitude and organizational behavior. Organizational Commitment has been defined as the extent in an organization which an individual accepts، internalizes، and also views his or her role based on organizational values and goals. In this descriptive and correlative study، all employees of Helal Iran Textile Industries of Red Crescent Society (about 106) were selected and studied through simple random sampling. Using two sectional questionnaires، organizational commitment and organizational justice respectively، data was collected and analyzed by using SPSS-19 with Correlation Test and Regression Analysis (p= 0. 05). The results indicated that there are a positive and significant correlation between organizational commitment and organizational justice with correlation degree (0. 496); also there a significant and meaningful relation between employees’ organizational commitment with all dimensions of organizational justice such as distributive justice (0. 474)، procedural justice (0. 485) and interactional justice (0. 375). Organizations must encourage their employees to participate in organizational commitment and perceived justice in order to increase access to practical purposes. Justice is in the hands of management; and management should take decisions to enhance perceived justice which lead to high organizational commitment.

Natural hazards have been recognized as the major causes of human settlements destruction. At present، earthquake is one of the most dangerous natural disasters in the world that always has been shown its importance. It is a natural disaster which can create a major catastrophe based on its magnitude in a short time. Tabriz as one of the major cities in Iran، placed at high-risk area in earthquake zoning map. The company of “Tehran Padyr” is carried out the earthquake sub-zoning plan is predicted the maximum of 426 thousand casualties in Tabriz. Such a seismic potential along with old and marginal tissues and historical earthquake records made this catastrophic humanitarian crisis predictable. Basic strategy of crisis management is to reduce the harmful effects after earthquake by building bases of temporary housing to accommodate the affected people. It is necessary to build temporary housing and rescue and relief bases based on identifying potential seismicity with its strategic location and also presence of more than one million and six hundred thousand people in Tabriz city. In this study، seven natural and human criteria were chosen in order to identify suitable land for constructing of temporary housing bases. By using FUZZY-TOPSIS model and incorporating layers in ARC GIS، the appropriate adjustment map is extracted. Finally، the optimum locations were selected due to the criteria of area، appropriateness of dimensions، land use consistency and ownership. This research indicated that seven acres of land consists of 4 parks in the central and marginal parts of the city were found and selected as the best places with very high consistency; 170 acres with high consistency; and 1339 acres with medium consistency. However، these will not meet the needs of Tabriz city population. According to the results، there is unreasonable and improper distribution of open spaces to build temporary housing and camps for affected people after earthquake in Tabriz; thus، urban management and land of Tabriz certainly will not accommodate or settle the affected ones in the earthquake.

Red Crescent society as the most important relief organ has a major role to give relief and casualties’ reduction by evaluating and improvement of rescue and relief bases. The aim of this study was to study the effect of relief workers training through new technologies in order to reduce casualties in Tehran in mangers’ viewpoint of Rescue & Relief Organization. All managers of Rescue & Relief Organization (110 ones) were selected and studied in 2011. Data was gathered based on Likert scale by using self-administrated questionnaire and Cronbach’s alpha was about 0/8. The findings were as follows: there was a relationship between relief workers mobilization with new technologies and relief time reduction (Sig=0. 001); a significant relation was observed between relief workers training in the use of modern equipment and casualties reduction (Sig=0. 001); also there was a relationship between using new technologies in natural disasters and casualties reduction (Sig=0. 001). From the managers’ viewpoint، the use of modern technology will reduce casualties and relief time in natural disasters. Thus، Iranian Red Crescent society should design some effective practical courses for relief workers in order to introduce them the new rescue and relief technologies and to increase their skills during disasters.

The reliable data are essential in order to describe injuries caused by traffic accidents، determine the risk factors، evaluate intervention، provide necessary information for policy makers and also promote public awareness. Appropriate prioritization would not be possible without reliable information in matters relating to the prevention of road and traffic injuries. This research aims to study traffic officers’ viewpoints in Tehran with qualitative and quantitative method. The results were obtained from Rahvar police with using computerized form and its conclusions. In this descriptive-analytical study، all traffic officers of 4 and 8 districts were studied based on Tehran Traffic Police resources by using self-administrated questionnaire. The number of dead was 126 in Tehran in 2006. Also، September & October and then January had minimum and maximum statistics for the dead with 15 and 6 ones respectively. The effect of recorded information in determining of the accidents causes and prevention was rated highly by participants; 2 were assessed it low and 2 experts did not consider any impact. According to this study، the completion of computerized form for all death and injuries was the strength point of accidents data recording and monitoring system in Tehran traffic. So، it is suggested for all individuals to be familiar with public education programs and the way of data gathering and recording and its application in risk of mortality due to accidents in Rahvar Police of Tehran.