فهرست مطالب
Nephro-Urology Monthly
Volume:10 Issue: 3, May 2018
- تاریخ انتشار: 1397/03/05
- تعداد عناوین: 7
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Page 1Context: The current study aimed at providing an evidence - based and up-to-date review of the literature regarding the assessment and outcomes of pregnancy in patients with renal transplant.
Design: It was a review of the current literature.ConclusionsAccording to the current study findings, the function or survival of renal allograft was not adversely affected by getting pregnant. Therefore, ideal care for these patients needs a multidisciplinary approach including maternal-fetal medicine, nephrology, and neonatology specialists.Keywords: Abortion, Preeclampsia, Pregnancy, Preterm Labor, Renal Transplantation -
Page 2Leptospirosis is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries in South-East Asia. Patients are typically young and the disease influences a broad spectrum of mammals, and might lead to the wide variety conditions ranging from acute to chronic. One of the most important complications of leptospirosis is AKI. It is the most important zoonotic diseases caused by contact with either infected water or urine and can be transmitted to new hosts. Manifestation of leptospirosis varies from asymptomatic state in chronic form to symptomatic state, which encompasses fever, renal failure, icterus, and pulmonary hemorrhage in acute forms. Furthermore, AKI in leptospirosis, has many etiologies, and encompasses direct nephrotoxic action of the leptospira, hyperbillirubinemia, rhabdomyolysis, and hypervolemia (this means that this bacteria affects the tuft of the glumrol and also results in prerenal azotemia by the mechanism of hypovolemia). Case fatality rate of acute kidney injury due to leptospirosis is approximately 22%. This review is an attempt to summarize and discuss the current knowledge in the area of epidemiology and pathology of leptospirosis, with the latest therapeutic approach.Keywords: Leptospirosis, Renal Failure, Zoonotic Disease
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Page 3BackgroundThe objectives of this study were to correlate reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content (CHr) with Hemoglobin (Hb), ferritin, and Transferrin Saturation (TSAT) in Patients on Hemodialysis (HD) and to determine the Hb response with intravenous iron supplementation in anemic HD patients with adequate ferritin and TSAT yet low CHr.MethodsThis was a prospective, randomized controlled trial involving patients on HD. Patients with baseline results that fulfilled the randomization criteria (CHr 400 ng/mL and/or TSAT > 20%) were then randomized to group A and B. Group A patients received a total of 1 g of intravenous iron and group B served as the control.ResultsOne hundred and twenty - one patients were enrolled in this study. There was a significant correlation between CHr and TSAT, ferritin, and Hb. A total of 12 patients were randomized to group A and B. There was a significant increase in Hb level observed in group A with median change from baseline of 1g/dL (IQR: - 0.5 to 2.8) at the end of the trial compared to the control group.ConclusionsThere was a significant correlation between CHr, Hb, ferritin, and TSAT. Intravenous iron supplement improved Hb level in patients on HD with adequate serum ferritin and/or TSAT levels yet low CHr.Keywords: Ferritin, Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content, Hemodialysis, Hemoglobin, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Transferrin Saturation
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Page 4BackgroundHealth literacy includes the social cognitive skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals in achieving, understanding, and utilizing information to maintain and enhance health. People with inadequate health literacy have a weaker health condition. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between health literacy and the general health level of hemodialysis patients.MethodsThis descriptive - analytical study was performed on 130 hemodialysis patients of Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. Data were collected using Health Literacy and General Health Assessment Tool. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software and Spearman correlation test.ResultsThe results revealed that the health literacy mean score was 46.81 ± 22.87 and that the studied individuals did not have sufficient health literacy. The general health mean score was 14.20 ± 6.50, and there was a statistically significant relationship between health literacy and general health (PConclusionsIn this study, it was found that those with higher health literacy score had better general health. Dialysis causes many clinical and psychological problems, limiting physical and mental activities of the patients. The decrease in health literacy is associated with a decrease in health including physical and psychological problems. In general, dialysis patients still need to learn more about health literacy and general health.Keywords: Health Literacy, General Health, Dialysis
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Page 5BackgroundHemodialysis-induced hypotension is one of the most common problems in patients, who undergo hemodialysis. Evidence suggests the positive impacts of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) on preventing hypotension during dialysis. The current study investigated the hypothesis that sertraline could effectively prevent hypotension during hemodialysis.MethodsIn a clinical trial, 30 patients on hemodialysis with hypotension during hemodialysis, who were referred to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Patients were treated with sertraline at a dose of 50 mg daily for 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate of patients before and after the intervention were measured and compared. Adverse events due to the administration of sertraline were also evaluated in the patients.ResultsOf the 30 studied patients, 17 (56.7%) were male and 13 (43.3%) were female. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure increased significantly after sertraline administration (P = 0.001). Also, the mean heart rate of patients significantly decreased (P = 0.001). However, headache was seen in 7 (23.3%), dizziness in 3 (10.0%), and gastrointestinal complications in 2 (6.7%) patients.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, sertraline effectively and safely prevents hypotension during dialysis without causing serious side effects.Keywords: Sertraline, Hypotension, Hemodialysis
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Page 6BackgroundNocturnal enuresis is defined as urinary incontinence in children more than five years of age, who are adequately mature to achieve continence of urination.ObjectivesAim of this was to study children with primary mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis in regards to video gaming addiction.MethodsIn total, 200 children, 100 healthy children as the control group and 100 children with primary mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis as the case group, were evaluated. Epidemiologic, video gaming, and nocturnal enuresis information were collected and analyzed by the SPSS software, and significant differences (PResultsChildren with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis were more prone to video gaming addiction compared with healthy children (PConclusionsVideo gaming addiction has a significant impact on primary monosymptomatic nocturnal, thus control of stressful factors, instead of pharmacotherapy, can reduce this condition as a symptom.Keywords: Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis, Video Gaming, Addiction, Children
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Page 7BackgroundDialysis adequacy is a predictor for mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Previous studies pinpointed several factors as barriers to adequate dialysis. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the experiences of patients undergoing hemodialysis and health care providers (e g, dialysis nurses and nephrologists) with regards to high-quality dialysis barriers. The current study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding regarding the experiences of patients undergoing hemodialysis and dialysis professionals about the subjective barriers to hemodialysis adequacy.MethodsThe current study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method; 19 patients undergoing hemodialysis, 2 hemodialysis caregivers, 2 hemodialysis nurses, and 2 nephrologists were included and interviewed.ResultsBased on the obtained data, 993 initial codes were extracted under four categories: barrier of self, social support insufficiency, hemodialysis mafia, and supervision weakness.ConclusionsPatients undergoing hemodialysis and health care providers have different experiences compared with what is mentioned in textbooks about barriers to high-quality dialysis. The findings highlight the need for immediate re-examination and preparation of the standards for the quality of hemodialysis, as well as attention and focus on non-physiological barriers to dialysis adequacy.Keywords: Hemodialysis, Dialysis Adequacy, Kt, V, Content Analysis