پژوهش نامه نظم و امنیت انتظامی
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 9، بهار 1389)

This paper aimed to study the role of communicative action methodology in defining the concept of citizenship. Accordingly, the following hypotheses were proposed: (a) non-governmental organization's managers believe that they have not achieved their targets because of the governmental organization's impacts. (b) non-governmental organization's managers believe that due to the media's supervision, their organizations show to be more responsible towards public opinion. (c) non-governmental organization's managers believe that there is an affiliation between the civilization rights and social capital. According to this research, we learned that the public sphere was in need of voluntary and independent societies of citizens. Hence, active non-governmental organization's target groups were formed across Tehran city in order to test the abovementioned hypotheses. After the reviewing of the sources, now, we study the concept of communication and the media and its impacts, social and communicative theories in connection to the citizenship and mass media, critical theory of Frankfurt and learn about Jurgen Haberma's opinions, the emergence of citizenship concept in the World and Iran (before Mashrouteh) and finally the definition and types of non- governmental organizations. Finally the researchers, due to the Hagerman' communicative action, offer a communicative paradigm. In this paradigm, the level of communication has been divided into small, medium and large ones and their specifications together with their samples have been presented. On the basis of this research, the medium level enjoys some features as like: communicative mean's pluralism, to be small and simple, local media, non-governmental media, interaction between the sender and receiver (bilateral). Therefore, the medium level will have the most impact on setting up the communicative action among non-governmental organizations as well as the citizens.

This study aimed to determine factors affecting the behavior of Naja's employees. The study population consisted of all employees in Naja in 1386-87. Using cluster sampling method, the statistical sample was selected in Mazandaran, Kerman, Tehran, Khorasan Jjonobi and Kermanshah cities. The research tools were a questionnaire measuring employee's occupational behavior and California personality inventory. The results showed that each of the personality factors, namely family, social and organizational behavior contributed of Naja's employees. Also, family factors and personality had the greatest effect on the behavior of Naja's employees.

This study attempts to assess the corporate culture of the public organizations in the city of Boushehr (Police, University of Medical Sciences, treasury and tax affairs and Shahid Mahallati Shipbuilding). These organizations are different in nature of work. In this article, the main goal is to determine the dominant corporate culture and then determine which one of these organizations in comparison with police organization is different or similar. To assess corporate culture, competing value framework model was used. According to this model, corporate culture is divided into four categories: hierarchical culture, market culture, clan culture and adhocracy culture. According to studies conducted by researchers every type of these cultures has different characteristics that make them different in nature. Based on data collected from these organizations, it was founded that the dominant culture of these organizations is hierarchical culture for police and treasury and tax affairs and clan for shipbuilding and Medical Science University, respectively. According to primary purpose of this study, corporate culture of police organization is similar to treasury organization and different from shipbuilding and medical science university.

In most societies, family violence exist because of economic, cultural and social factors. This research aims to examine the effect of ethnicity in violence against women in Takab City. The statistical society included all marital women of Takab city who were randomly selected using cluster sampling method. Among these, 121 women were selected as sample group and in order to collect data, a questionnaire was used. After analyzing the gathered data, it was found that, there is a significant relationship between measure of family violence and ethnical employment education, income and marriage type (voluntary-involuntary and consanguineous marriage). However, the relationship between measure of family violence and wife's age, husband's age and marriage of wife and man was not significant.

As women consist of half of the population in all societies, it is essential to engage in their problems. One of the most important intricate questions in developing countries such as Iran is ignorance the causes of women commission of crime and key factors on the type of it. The goal of this research is to study the crime and effective elements on committing a crime among Isfahan women in prison. The statistical population in this research was the entire women prisoners who have been in central prison of Isfahan in1388. Considering the number of population needed, 120 of criminals were selected and the related information was gathered through questionnaires we used descript ional statistical methods to analyze the received data. The findings indicate that the most types of crimes pertain to substance contraband theft and homicide. The most criminals have 15-36 years old and almost 47.5 of them were married. Also, their education was at the level of guidance school. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between independent variables such as poverty joblessness, personal enmity and taking revenge lack of kindness and family ignorance and dependant variables such as (the type of crime) it was also found that the fact that there is non-significant relationship between independent variables (such as bad friends and absence of police at the scene of crime) and dependant variable such as the type of crime.

Community oriented policing is looking forward for citizen participation, and their cooperation in order to detect problems of the target community and to perform effective policing. Providing quality-based services to citizens is one of the effective strategies of gaining people’s cooperation and participation. Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) are desired collective behaviors which can improve the quality of services and crystallize the related goals. The present paper aims at investigating the relationship between OCB and quality of services. The research main question was “is there any relation between OCB of police personnel and quality of different services?” The research is an applied one and its methodology is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the research consisted of managers and clients of police service offices in Tehran. Police hospitals, offices for changing license plates, recreational police complexes in Tehran completely participated in the study, but service providing department in police e.g. Police departments, Qavamin credential banks and electronic service posts. From the population 930 clients and total number of managers were randomly selected as samples group through simple random accidental sampling and systematic sampling. Utilizing the Podsakoff and MacKenzie index and the Servqual index, we tried to define the OCB, quality of services, and designed two questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by correlation test. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between OCB of police personnel and quality of different services.

Undoubtedly, one of the most significant factors of organizations success at current age is effective usage of resources particulary human resources and its efficient combination in implementation of organizational strategies. Indeed, organization personnel are the pivot of any organizational strategy and policy and any type of usage of the resources. As one of the three indepent branches of country, the judiciary branch of the I.R. of Iran is subordinated to macro laws and policies of country including constitution, outlook of the system in 1404 Iran horizon and announced policies of supreme leader that enjoys unique position in the I.R. of Iran system to such an extent that the significance, independence and status of this position are manifested uniquely in comparison with other governments, and this status is owed to its judges. Therefore, for optimal usage of committed human resources, having a strategic model of human resources is a necessity. For this purpose and for achieving strategic management model of human resources in this organization, through using theoretical literature study, optimal survey of human resources in judicial sector of other countries, using holy Quran, narrations and Sunnah teachings and statements of late great leader of the Islamic revolution (M.H.S.R.I.P) and supreme leader, a conceptual framework with using experts views has been shaped and conclusion data within questionnaire framework have been responded by academic professors and judges in law and human resources fields and then the analysis process was conducted. Through a comprehensive and integrated view and a systematic approach, it is attempted at present research that a model of human resources strategic management perspective with high commitment approach be introduced with the aim at developing and improving human resources management in judiciary branch.