فصلنامه توسعه اجتماعی
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (بهار 1396)

Before the collapse of their social and political organization, resident Lur tribes in south-west of Iran had a remarkable role in national production and keeping and preservation of frontiers. Regarding population and area of residence, bakhtiary and Bahmaei tribes are among major ethnic groups in this part of Iran. Though performing forced habitation and settlement of tribes in Pahlavi era imported terrible strikes on these tribes, but the process of changing the system of stratification and the structure and ethnic pertinence and the geography of their residence has gone on so far as a continued process. This study which is carried out by the historic sociological approach and historic analytical method, tries to examine and analyze the stratification system of the resident people of Izeh and Ramhormoz counties and the recent transformations of the mentioned tribes who are living in these regions. The findings of this study is based on interviews, participatory observations and documentary views, indicates that the inclination to settle the tribes in the cities of Ramhormoz and Izeh is significantly under the influence of cultural tendencies of the ethnic group. Familial relations in the tribe, clan, and gens units have internalized traditional norms that have become loosened with the passage of time but still remained stable.

Environmental problems, is considered universal challenge and many environmental advocates and experts believe to find the guidelines to reduce these issues must be the physical sciences and ecological moved by the teachings of Behavioral Sciences and people towards environmental pro-behaviors encouraged. In this research using the survey technique stratified random sampling 400 students of Tehran University were selected as examples. The results of the relationship between the variables of planned behavior model for assessing the environmental behaviors confirmed. Structural equation modeling showed that the overall fit of the model at an acceptable level (0/081) and provide proportionate adoption with the structural model and the experimental model and two variables Behavioral Intention (BI) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) tend to behave better predictor for environmental pro-behaviors.

This paper aims is the comparative of social capital’s female students in online and offline space. Methodology is survey and questionnaire tool is "ISCS" that has designed by Dmitri Williams. The sample size includes 819 female students who were selected by multi-stage sampling The results shows the average social capital for the benefit of all components of social capital are genuine. Also social capital in the offline nasty with an average of 38/4 the highest level of social capital and social capital linked among female students in a virtual community with an average of 26/8 lowest amount of social capital have been among them. As well as, the average of emotional support in online social networks (12/03) is over offline networks (8/3).

The aim of this study was to examine the differences in gender identity of the mothers and daughters and the role of mass media on these differences. The theoretical framework was based on Jenkin's and Gidden's perspectives on gender identity and its transformations as a social process. This research conducted using a quantitative survey method with a sample of 384 residents of Rasht and using a proportionate stratified sampling method in 5 regions of the city. The results showed that mothers have higher gender identity than the daughters. The identity differences between the two generations of mothers and daughters are observed in various aspects of the rate and motives of using the national media, satellite and virtual social networks. However, identity differences were not observed between the two generations in terms of Internet use. It can be concluded that the mass media is less effective on gender identity of mothers than daughters. Mothers as elder and traditional generation, have a more formidable identity than their daughters, because girls are more subjected to shifts in identity under the influence of the media.

Divorce, especially in transitional societies like Iran, that hallow the family, is not only as a moral evil but as a factor of loss and harm. The results shows that this representation in some case is an unfounded stereotype which needs revisions. Structural changes in societies from traditional to modern conditions, leads to the wide changes in dominant values. The most important changes include the rise of ethical values such as autonomy and individuality which explained in Emmanuel Kant philosophy. These fundamental principles are the basis for defining the "personal identity" in modern society according to Anthony Giddens. This work shows how the divorce experience leads to the substantiation of these moral principles and consequently personal identity. We work with 21 middle class women who educated in social sciences. Our method is Grounded Theory for understanding the “process of constructing Identity”, but during our research we faced with troubles arised from its methodological requirements and assumptions, which was an obstacle to the realistic interpretations of the data. Grounded Theory practically, distorts data confrontation, which is incompatible with sociologic purposes.

This study aims to analyze dynamics of population evolutions and its economic consequences using system thinking approach. The study attempts to propose a model to utilize system thinking and dynamic system modeling in order to analyze economic dimensions of population evolutions. To identify key demographic variables and its consequences, content analysis of 201 papers published in Journal of Population Studies during the period of 2005-2014. System dynamic is a technique for modeling complex and nonlinear systems. Hence, a dynamic model was employed to indicate the casual relationships among identified variables. Results indicated that birth rate, death rate, migration, population aging, fertility rate, urbanization, and life expectancy have important role in predicting some economic variables such as labor, employment, GDP, income per capita, consumption, tax, savings, and budget.

Water is a vital resourc that potentially affects on all aspects of everyday life but optimal use of water has not yet formed Iran. The main goal of this research is to investigate effect of religiousity on attitude toward home water-saving. The survey method was used in this study. The population was all of citizens over the age of 18 in Yasouj that 400 cases were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. Research instrument for collecting data, was a researcher-made questionnaire that construct validity through factor analysis technique, was used for determination of the validity and the reliability was measured by cronbach Alpha coefficient. Research findings using structural equation model showed that religiousity has a significant and positive effect on the attitude toward home water-saving and can significantly predict variance of home water-saving. Research findings also showed that there is no significant relationship between demographic variables and home water is saving.

Since developing countries are becoming service community and within a dynamic environment established by increasing competition, globalization, the emergence of new technologies, the way to growth, the achievement of high performance and survival in the global economy is innovation. Also, the success of today's organizations cannot only be evaluated in the accumulation of material wealth, physical facilities and equipment to the latest information and communication technologies. Since financial physical and human capital without social capital, lack effective performance. The present study aims to investigate the influence of social capital on the financial performance of the Mehr-Eqtesad Banks. The population consisted of 315 managers and employees of the bank in Khuzestan province which 170 samples were determined according to Morgan table. 241 questionnaires were distributed between employees, of which 155 completed questionnaires were Analysis. Given the nature of the study and the examination of the causal hypothesis, we used structural equation modelling, PLS, and SPSS. Results revealed that social capital has significant positive effect on service employee commitment and innovation orientation. But social capital has no positive impact on financial performance. Moreover, service employee commitment, innovation orientation and significantly affect financial performance.