فصلنامه توسعه اجتماعی
سال سوم شماره 1 (پاییز 1387)

Leisure time is a natural right to human beings as must be accounted for as a fundamental requirement for him. No society can remain indifferent to how its members spend their spare time. The youth are definitely the most important members of a society; hence they are the founders of the future of that society. However this is not to underestimate the role of adolescents in inspiring the youth by sharing with them their useful long-life experiences and injecting the spirit of happiness in to their souls. The aim of the research at hand is to investigate the relationship between the economic states of people and their especial leisure time activities. It is a qualitative research and the technique is a survey data are collected using the questionnaires. The population includes the two age groups of youth (18-29) and adolescents (40-59) from Shiraz city with the whole population of 835351. According to Lin’s table 400 people are chosen as the sample. The sampling technique is stepwise cluster sampling and the hypothesis testing shows that on one hand there is a significant relationship between the way the above named age groups spend their leisure time and their welfare facilities and income. On the other hand no such a relation could be found between the income of the family and religious and sport activities they choose to do in their free time. Second there was found a 95% reliable direct relation between their allowance and social free time activities while such a relation could not be detected regarding cultural، sport، or religious free time activities. Third، there is again a 95% reliable significant relationship the type of housing possession of participants and the time they put on cultural activities and not social، religious or sport ones.

The purpose of this survey is to investigate differences in values systems on social، political، economic and cultural dimensions between children and parents in central district of kohgiloyeh in 1387. The sample consist of 380 person (261 between 15-24 years old as children and 119 person in the range of 45-64 years old as parents) were selected randomly. The theoretical from work mostly used in this paper in eludes a combination of view points such as modernization inghart hyperobjectivism، vinhime historical generation result، pierbordive generative theory and the theory of sourco groups. The instrument used in this survey was a researcher maked questionnaire. The results of variance analisis have shoun that: There is a meaningful differences between children and parents in social value systems، but this differences in economic، political and cultural value systems was not meaningful، at last the biased and unbiased findings were discussed.

Oil as a notable financial resource seems، at the first glance، to be an opportunity for state. In the case of Iran in Pahlavi era، for Pahlavi rentier. State oil not only was not an opportunity but a threat to its existence. Legitimacy and efficiency of political system in modern polities is a result of connections between state and society. Rentier states don’t consider these connections as important by the rationale of no tax no representation. Pahlavi rentier state in spite of doing some socioeconomic modernizations in Iran not only did not recognize society’s participation in political system but impeded it. Having no participation and representation of society in political structure became a threat for Pahlavi rentier state’s existence which oil was one of its main factores.

Social capitel formed by two basoc index، Reletionhip، and connection، norm and trust that provide social act. In this paper discover social relation and Networks as one of the social capital index in Tabriz city. This research act with analytical and description approaeh. In this research statistical society is Tabriz citizenships and collects need information by cluster sampling Method. In this research analyse four indexes such as «social relation density»، «symmetry relations»، «supported relations» and «middle relation» as a social relation quality. The result of this paper show that the low degrees of relation integration in Tabriz city and social relation density have a better position in compare with other indexs. So the resrch of this research show that very low adaptation degree base of social relation. End of this paper، an attention and emphasis to social copital role in social development progressing in any development programs.

Over the past two decades، the concept of social capital has been frequently utilized by human and social scientists to explain such different and various topics as crime، divorce، violence، educational achievement، economic development، political participation، social security، health and illness، etc. The field of health and illness is the one of the most important topics which its association with social capital has been regularly examined. The present paper seeks to describe the association between social capital and health status، and also to explain the mechanisms through which، social capital affects health and illness. Large body of studies shows that there are strong and significant relationships between the variations of the mental/physical health status (at the individual and collective levels) and the rate of social capital. These studies indicate that social capital and its components (participation and trust)، are correlated with the better health status; including low levels of total death rate، cardiovascular diseases، mental disorders، suicide، violent crimes، accident-related deaths; and also increasing the positive health-related behaviors. Furthermore، two mechanisms are identified to explain the association between the social capital and health status; Compositional Effects at the individual level (which emphasizes on the benefits due to membership of the social networks and receiving social support)، and Contextual Effects at the collective level (which focus on the rate of social cohesion and the collective/social effects of social capital on the general and then individual health). In this paper، the definitions and aspects of the social capital will be examined at first، and then the most important studies that have been focused on the description and explanation of the associations between social capital and health will be reviewed.

Divorce which is a tragic social event occurs worldwide and as many recent studies show diverce rate is increasing in our country، so regarding the importance of the subject present study was done to identify the common factors for divorce in Ahwaz city، Iran. In this retrospective cross-sectional study from Feb، 2004 to Feb 2005 randomly 300 files from subjects who came to family court of justice in Ahwaz city and were deciding to divorce were reviewed، the n collected data was analysed by SPSS soft ware. This study indicates that from 300 subject who were deciding to divorce، 140 case were men and 160،were women، and misunderstanding (21%)، addiction (17%)، relativeinterference (9%)، psychological disorders (6%)، poverty (3%) are the most common factors for divorce in Ahwaz city. Missunderstanding was the most common cause of divorce and the young womem were the predominant victims for divorce. Giving consultation services to divorce may reduce the rate of this event.

There are different ethnic minorities with different cultural backgrounds in Khuzestan province. Thus، due to its special geographical condition as warm region، a remarkable portion of the nomadic population in the last decades have relinquished their nomadic life and stabilized in cities and villages as result of the changes in political، economical and social condition of country. This had its impact on the composition and the quality of social behavior and social interactions. The present research، by using descriptive-analytic method، is aimed to define cultural development in the cities of Khuzestan province. According to the research done based on quantitative methods the city of Ahvaz as the capital، is not in a suitable ranking among the other cities of Khuzestan. It is only in the HDI (Human development index) research method that the city occupies the first place. However، based on the compound method the city acquired the ninth place. This might be the attributed to the remarkable differences in the of cultural facilities to different cities of the province. Accordingly، based on the z-score method there is a gap of 40 scores between the first and the last cities in terms of benefiting from cultural facilities. Moreover، both in the taxonomic and HDI methods the difference is remarkable. In sum، data analysis and the results show the uneven distribution of cultural facilities and thus cultural development in Khuzestan province.

The present article is a study on the circumstance of the identity and it’s type among Iranian women’s especially after Islamic revolution. Because the changes which occure in the context of employment، higher educations، public sphere and etc، with traditional attitudes and definition in relation to women’s identity could not respondent to the quality of Iranian women identity and it requires a new retrospective and purposive definition. This research is documentry in nature and we used the secondry data as techniques of research. It seems that traditional dominante model of women’s identity about family، patrimonial system and etc، is diming، hence in the present situation women begins to do social enclosure and acquiring a new social self-changes in relation to their own fate and social identity.