فصلنامه توسعه اجتماعی
سال هشتم شماره 2 (زمستان 1392)

Childhood is an important part of every human being, because in this era of personality is formed. According to other children and their rights, some thing familiar and social norms (socialization) is a teacher in the institution of family. This Paper aims to examine some of the causes of Child Abuse has been written. Research using a questionnaire survey among high school girls in Ahvaz city in 2012, has been carried out. This study used cluster sampling method and sample size in the study is 400. The most important results are as follows; Mental variables, socio-economic status, family cohesion, understanding parents, attachment to parents and varies inversely with domestic violence and abuse, child abuse directly affect the socio-economic status were the only variables significantly associated with objective correlation of abuse varies not 's.

Women have never occupied an equal status as men in science. An investigation of women's roles and participation history in science implies that there is not a great difference in the status of women in science between Iranian and western women before 20th century. Women's education in Iranian and western history had been based on domestic roles and ethical virtues until late decades of 19th century. It is in the beginning of 20th century that women's academic education in Europe surpasses Iranian education. In the contemporary era, women occupy a lower status than men in both Europe and Iran. Women's entrance in university in all educational levels in Iran is similar to Europe. Women leak in the pipeline of scientific achievements more than men in a similar manner in Iran and in the west. But there is a distinguishable difference in the quantity of leakage in achieving statuses such as university staff membership, scientific institution or scientific elite organizations membership and managerial positions occupancy. Sociological theories account two factors of women's participation and external exclusions as the explaining factors of women's status in science. We suppose that the gender gap in scientific statuses is best excluded by applying theories of exclusion and equalizer policies.

This study intend to investigate effective factors upon rate and type of music consumption. After a short review on the theories of sociologists such as Thorestein Veblen, Max Weber, Georg Simmel focused on Pierre Bourdieu's theory of action. The main goal of this study is evaluation of applicability Bourdieu's Theory among desired statistical population. The method of study is survey and data was collected by questionnaire. Sample population included 400 students from shahid Chamran University at 2009-2010 academic years whom was selected with stratified Sampling method. The main independent variables were person's cultural capital, parent's cultural capital, economic capital and position of person at social space and the main dependent variables were rate and type of music consumption. Results indicated a weak correlation between independent variables and dependent variables. So that independent variables can explain only 14 percent of the variance variable type of music consumption. Therefore, the results showed that changes took place due to technological advances and increase social mobility, have reduced power of this theory for explain the music consumption and the need for attention to another theory and new variables to be felt.

The object of this study is to investigate the effect of cultural- economic factors on tourism attraction in Jahrom city. General method of this study is survey and quantitative according to it's subject. The data was collected by questionnaire in this study. Statistical software SPSS was used to process data. Our Statistical society consists of 18-60 years old population setteled down Jahrom city. Our sample volume is 290 person. Person is nanalysis unit in this study. Analysis results are able to generalize to people. Multitage clustering has been used in this study. So multi stage clustering sampling is one of random sampling. Clusters are the regions of Jahrom city in this study. In this study, all of 10 hypotheses had been confirmed after hypotheses test. These hypotheses are the improvement of city situation, the reduction of migration, municipality actions, the improvement of social relations, the increase of people income, the change of life style, the reduction of crimes, the change of city cultural perspective, non- relationship marriages and the increase of people knowledge.

Cities development and expansion in modern world have been widely encountered with so many challenges that one of the most important one is settlers ''feeling safe. Socio-historical studies have been shown that safety has had important role in cities development and it is directly related to settlers'' quality of life. In this study, with environmental prevention approach, neighborhood structure and feeling safe with emphasis on settler's social participation as effective factor in cities development have been analyzed. In this way, the required data from 413 settlers in Karaj by multistage cluster sampling, survey method and self-made questionnaire have been gathered. The results have shown that physical disorder has decreased social participation and unofficial control in neighborhoods and finally with increasing in social disorders, feeling safe of settlers will decrease.

Social identity is a sense of belonging to social and cultural context in which people sense the belonging by being the member of it and make the difference between their society and others to reach the social ID. Current research aim on effective social factor that make social ID of Dezful Islamic Azad University. Statistic society in this research include all the male and female student of BA in Dezful Islamic Azad University in which by cluster sampling method the case study is choosed and the main tool for gathering in for mation is a question. To analyses the gathered data the spss software is used and include pierson test, linear regression T.tek and fridman test. At the end the assumption result shows that between dependent variable, alienation, religion and social identity of students.

This article will study the definition of development by reviewing classic literature, and outline its progression over time. In addition, the article briefly assesses Islam’s perspective on development with the aim of comparing an Islamic viewpoint with popular belief. The article concludes that development has a very broad definition and is characterised through various social, economic, cultural and political aspects and is solely dependent on an individual’s point of view in a given society. This implies that contrary to popular belief, development is not purely an economic definition, but can also be viewed as cultural and educational knowledge acquired over time which leads to social development and progress; a consequence of this is advancements in economic and social welfare. Therefore in order to achieve development, it is necessary for individuals–in particular those who influence society to alter their views on humanity and its role in the material world. In other words, development is a product of behavioural and educational change and is therefore a metaphysical transformation in the mind-set of humans and is not limited to economics. Hence at this stage, rather than Economics, it is other sciences which look into the education, personality and belief of humans that are the main contributors towards development. These include fields such as theology, philosophy, literature, social studies, people studies and psychology. If we accept this definition, it is necessary to convert anti-development to pro-development standpoints in order to achieve it; in other words, non-developed individuals should become developed. It is certain that in all stages of development, publications have a significant impact on the viewpoints and beliefs of individuals in society. In other words, it is vital to place particular focus on media and publications which are critical tools for education in development.

The research is performed to describe quality of consuming Iranian native foods and to show, how it's related with consistency of social identity in Rasht residents–including natives and immigrants- and to answer to this question that are diverse social groups in Rasht city (random sample of the society) interested in local or/and national dietary habits? This exploratory research is conducted in survey method, using questionnaire technique. So there is no essential need to have theoretical framework and hypothesis. Sampling method was multiple clusters that is performed in simple random manner, the sample number is 400. The results suggest that studied cases are mainly interested in traditional dietary habits, although naturally other dietary attitude like fast food consuming is found among the population but the frequency of them in weekly meals are mostly unstable. So it can be claimed that traditional foods are still at first priority and therefore, there is a considerable consistency in Rasht inhabitants.