فصلنامه توسعه اجتماعی
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (زمستان 1396)

Social health as a factor to assess and cognitive their social function is influenced by several factors that these factors in surveys, have been introduced varied¡ fragmented and sometimes contradictory and it needed a comp, rehensive review of these factors and we will bring to this matter in this article. This study is a documental and use of 22 scientific article and thesis, and examined this issue meta-analysis method using the software comprehensive Meta analysis and thereby indicate which of the factors and to what degree are accepted. Findings of descriptive and quantitative composition of the research results show: most of the people (56.3%) have moderate level of social health. Communication skills, quality of life, leisure activities, age, socioeconomic status and gender according to the size effect and significant level are affected on social health, but marital status, education and social health aren’t reasonable and significant relations. Findings confirm theories of Keyes, Smith, Frans and Matson.

From the distant past, residential quarters and urban living cells have played a vital role in the lives of the residents. From the perspective of residents, real cities are full of shortcomings that encourage the citizens towards the construction of ideals. This article aimed to obtain a definition for ideal neighborhood. The main question outlined here is as follows: How is the ideal neighborhood image in resident minds? This is a descriptive, phenomenological study. The case study was performed in Kan neighborhood of District 5, Tehran, Iran. A total of 32 subjects were interviewed as the sample. Theoretical saturation was used for sampling. In this article, Putnam, Cooley, Clarence Perry, and Fazeli concepts and theories were employed. Three main themes were extracted from the analyses and interviews: Ethical Orientation, Social Capital, and Urban Space. The combination of these factors forms the definition of "Ideal Neighborhood" in the minds of the residents. The interpretation of results showed that what encourages the residents towards the construction of an ideal neighborhood was inspired from different resources. Social Capital and Ethical Orientation were borrowed from the past. Urban Space was, however, the modern image of today's neighborhoods.

This article is about understanding the social factors of interpersonal violence phenomenon. Therefore, among the social studies that have been done on the topic of interpersonal violence, 12 studies selected based on the form and content, and have been studied based on meta-analysis method. Studies selected have been made mainly in the educational environment and a total sample of 4650 people, including 1250 females and 3400 males are included. The results show that the only variable significantly correlated with the dependent variable is the gender variable so that the incidence of violent behavior among boys is more than girls and age, economic and social status are not transparent and meaningful to the dependent variable and the social factors, monitoring and parental control on the activities and behavior of children, satisfactory interaction in the family, poor family relations, media influence and having delinquent friends are most relevant to the dependent variable. The social theories of social control theories, social learning and sub-culture are explaining the phenomenon of interpersonal violence the most.

Domestic violence.is Painful reality that has affected all aspects of life their victims. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between men and women experience violence in childhood observations on violence in the family home in 2015 in the paveh city. The study was a survey method and a questionnaire was used to collect information. The sample size is 200 people selected by multistage cluster sampling. For data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. For data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. the results showed that the "women's the experience of violence in childhood" and "indicators of domestic violence", there is a significant correlation. That means that the the experience of "violence of women in childhood," the father of the family, was more, much more violence against them. The results show that a significant and direct correlation between the the experience of men in family violence and violence against women. That means that the experience, "Male violence Childhood" in the father's family was more violence in the family more than their wives. Results show that the view from the parents in childhood abuse experience leads to learning behavior and learning dominated by men by women is tolerated.

The study examines the factors affecting Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch student's social isolation is studied. From this perspective, the integrated approach based on the theory of Durkheim, Simmel, Ztvmka, Johnson, Chalabi, Kravt, Wellman and Dreyfus used and with respect to assumptions that of the theory according to the characteristics of the study population received attempts to identify the impact of trust and the use of cyberspace and background variables on the emergence of social isolation. With A survey uses questionnaires to 370 students of Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch (Integrated University of Valiasr) that through simple random sampling and quota sample size was calculated using the formula were selected. In this study, content and formal validity and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability. Research data using the regression, T-test and ANOVA were analyzed. The results obtained direct and positive impact between trust and social isolation shows (53/3), this means that distrust is increasing social isolation. Also the use of cyberspace (0/017) and background variables (employment status, marital status, place of residence, educational level) as the independent variables research is not affected. on social isolation whatsoever. However, the amount of age group is significantly different to the breakdown of social isolation. Regression results indicate that 29.4% of the variation in the independent variables cause changes in social isolation. The results of this study show that distrust is preventing cooperation among students and weakening the social bonds.

This study aims to investigate the contexts, conditions, process and consequences of the adaptive divorce in Talesh. 18 males who had adaptively divorced participated at this study. Participants and concepts were selected by one of the strategies of purposive sampling, maximum variety and theoretical sampling. Data were analyzed by using qualitative methodology of grounded theory. The in-depth interview was the technique of collecting data. Finally, 12 categories and a core category were extracted during coding process which are: perceived crudity for marriage; precipitant familiarity; interfere and importance of significant others; disagreement of family; status differences; infidelity of spouse; ongoing contentions; agreement for separation; Bargaining and agreement on dowry; pain of separation; satisfaction of remarriage; believe in better life after divorce. Finally, the core category extracted as” superficiality, infidelity and difference as the passage of adaptive divorce”.

This article discusses the bases of the eighth principle of the costitution which gets into the mutual responsibilites of government and people toward each other and among members of the society. It also studies the relationship between this principle and "Enjoying the good and forbiding the evil". Disscussing a scientific matter, the prerequisits and assumptions of that matter should be considered and followed in order to come to a clear conclustion. While studying jurisprudence and law bases of enjoining the good and forbiding the evil, they should also be traced in Quran and the Sunnah and in the other two inferential sources, i.e wisdom and consensus. Within the limits of a few pages and not as a book or an extensive research proposal, this article tries to study the value of "Enjoinin the good and forbiding the evil" and its significent social place in holy Quran. If it werenot necessary to state the rules of these two duties in the Sunnah, their Quranic correspondents would adequately satisfy and convince any honest researcher. While the main focus of this article is on the 8th principle of the constitution of Islamic republic of Iran, it has tried to explain all the related issues in Hadith and the Sunnah. The article has concluded that there are enough confirmatory documents to prove the necessity of this benevolent act and its constructive effects on the society and government.

Following the expansion of industry and trade in Europe and its spread and intensification in the East, Russia did not want to keep up with this trend too. Although Russia's trade relationship with Iran dates back to the Safaviye, however, with regard to the open water project (Persian Gulf), which was on the Russian agenda since "Great Peter", from the Qajar period, during the Golestan, Turkmen-Chay and Akhal treaties, it was able to separate areas from Iran! These lands separated from Iran became one of the main colonies in Russia! But the influence of Russia in Iran is not limited to these areas, and with all its might, it began to exert economic, political and social influence in other northern regions of Iran! As Gilan turned into the economic, political and social gates of Iran with Russia and, consequently, Europe. This issue has had positive outcomes beyond negative implications. The migration of Iranian nationals to Russia and vice versa, the spread of libertarian ideas in Iran, the spread of alienation between Iranians (the forest movement) and the fact that Iran's revolutionaries provided their weapons from Russia, especially the Caucasus. Modern thought, the establishment of new schools and literacy even among girls, tobacco movements, constitutionalism and etc, were consequences of this relationship.