نشریه قرآن پژوهی حسنا
پیاپی 33 (پاییز و زمستان 1396)

Nasr Haed Abu-zeid’s viewpoint on that the Holy Quran is history-based and its affirmation caused to discussed this issue in the field of Quranic sciences. Consequences and weakness resulted from this theory have been identified and discussed by studying this contemporary intellectual’s opinions in this research. Being history-based the Holy Quran on one hand, i.e. to limit it to a certain historical period, and on the other hand it means a historical evidence related to the reality in the field of the commentator’s semantic view known as a history-based concept. Therefore, accepting the Holy Quran is history-based leads to some consequences such as to limit the Holy Quran to the descent era, non-integrity of the Quranic text, ignorance of the divine Revelation, uncommon recitation of the Quran understanding, removing some Quranic knowledge, and so on. The results of consequences analysis are to ignore the aim of the Quran descent, i. e. guidance of human being. Also, reciting the Quranic text in the contemporary era is limited to a literary system of symbols.

One of important references in finding meaning and interpreting uncommon words of the Holy Quran is Ahlul-Bayt’s (AS) Hadiths. They have been wise men to the Quranic meaning. Thus, their interpreted Hadiths have a strong status and it is one of the main references of interpreting the Holy Quran. Findings of the present research indicated that these Hadiths plays different roles in finding meaning and interpreting uncommon words of the Holy Quran. These roles are as follows; ignoring literal meaning of the word, determining intentional meaning of the word, selecting one of two or more meanings for the word, introducing new meanings for the word, determining literal meaning for the word. This is a fundamental research done by a descriptive-analytic method.

There have many questions been raised on ‘6 days’ which refers to create the heaven and the earth during 6 days, and also, it refers to howness of creating them during 6 days. Meanwhile, it has been said there has not been day and night, contrasting to scientific theory, and also, it’s contrast to 9-12 verses of surah Fosselat, whatness of lack of creating in just a moment in spite of the authority to do it. This issue has been discussed by comparing Shiite and Sunni’s commentaries by a descriptive-analytic method in this paper. Findings of the present research indicated that day refers to a period of time and creating during 6 days refers to 6 steps and a long period of time by virtue of scientific evidences of creating the heaven and the earth. Most of commentators have viewed 4 days in the interpretation of the verses which refer to 8 days. They knew 2 days of creating the earth into 4 days.

The past nations’ characters including Jew have been raised by the Holy Quran to be the future generation’s lesson. Also, these characters have not been limited to that historical period. According to some present researches, Zionism is also a prominent instance of Jew and it has still such characters. Identifying these characters, Muslims have been familiar with relationship to this nation, and also, they knew that Jew humiliation is forever, although they possess all of the wealth resources and strength all over the world. Some Shiite and Sunni commentators’ viewpoint have been discussed by virtue of some verses of surah the Exile related to this nation’s characters in the present research. To support these characters, it refers to some verses of another surahs of the Holy Quran. Comparing these Quranic characters with contemporary Jew indicated that recent Jew also is mostly followed by Jew.

Abrogation as one of Quranic sciences has been taken into consideration by Shiite and Sunni commentators and Quranic scholars from long time ago. Abrogation and its occurrence in the Holy Quran in terms of its relation with identifying legislation history and its different steps in Islam, nurturing methods and aware of Islamic laws are so important. Allamah Tabatabaei and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli’s viewpoint in different aspects of abrogation have been discussed by a descriptive-analytic method in this research. Findings of this research indicated that Ayatollah Javadi Amoli had a different and somehow contrast viewpoint with Allamah Tabatabaei in the field of abrogation conditions, the number of abrogation and abrogated verses, and also, criterions related to acceptance or rejection of abrogation in the Quranic verses. In fact, it seems it relates to particular and general will, and then, it can be generalized to all opinions of these two above mentioned Quranic scholars.

‘sedition’ has been applied in most of Quranic verses and it has been different meanings. One of these verses is 7th verse of surah the Family of Imran in which there is the concept ‘sedition’ and it has been viewed as obedience of allegorical expression. Originally ‘sedition’ means to put gold or silver in the fire in order to remove pureness and impureness. There has been mentioned several literal senses for it. However, distraction disorder is a concept hidden in its all meanings. The present research is an analytical study on the Quranic concept ‘sedition’ by emphasis on 7th verse of surah the Family of Imran. A descriptive-analytic method has been applied in this research. It has been concluded that different meanings have been mentioned by commentators for this concept. Most of them are its connotation such as impiety, polytheism, wealth, misguidance, deny, and inter essence spoiling. Other meanings have been applied as complementary meanings such as doubt, equivocality, ambiguity, sedition methods, misguidance and avoiding people from religion.