Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
Volume:8 Issue: 31, 2016

Aims: In order to reach a better functioning in the athletic contests, the athletes needs to learn completely many and different motor skills. Therefore, to select properly an offline period between the motor skills are very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different offline periods on the consolidation periods based on stability in the implicit motor memory in the veteran and disabled athletes.
In the practical semi-experimental study, 45 veteran and disabled athletes with physical-motor disabilities, who were members of the athletic teams of Yazd Province in order to participate in the state contests and Olympiads, were studied in Yazd City in summer 2015. The subjects were selected via available sampling method. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups including 6-, 24-, and 72-hour offline period groups. The test was conducted at two stages including learning and retention using alternating serial reaction time task (ASRTT) and serial color matching task (SCMT). Data was analyzed using two-factor ANOVA with the repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Findings: In the learning stage, the main effect of the group and the interaction effect of the group and the exercise package were not significant (p>0.05). Nevertheless, the main effect of the exercise package was significant (p=0.001). In the retention stage, the main effects of the exercise package (p=0.001) and group (p=0.048) and the interaction effect between them (p=0.001) were significant. A stability based consolidation process was seen in 24-, and 72-hour offline period groups. Nevertheless, there was a retroactive interference in 6-hour offline period group.
24- and 72-hour offline periods affect the stability based consolidation process in the implicit motor memory in veteran and disabled athletes.

Aims: The utilization of prosthesis not only changes the gait pattern in the patients with lower-limb amputations, but also applies asymmetrical forces on the limbs leading to disturbances. Therefore, it is very important to identify the application mode of earth’s reaction forces on the lower limbs in walking. The aim of this study was to analyze the components of earth’s reaction forces in healthy leg and prosthetic leg in the patients with unilateral below the knee amputation.
In the observatory cross-sectional study, 10 patients with unilateral below the knee amputation of rehabilitation clinics of Isfahan were studied in 2013. The subjects were selected via non-probable available sampling method. Qualisys motion analysis system was used to record different gait phases. Kistler force plate was used to measure the earth’s reaction forces. Data was analyzed by SPSS 22 software using independent T test.
Findings: In the prosthetic leg, the propulsion impulse (p=0.01) and vertical impulse (p=0.05) of the reaction force of the earth and the loading rate (p=0.03) were lower than the healthy leg by 5.82N/s, 63.25N/s, and 12.8N/s, respectively. Time to peak reaction force of the earth on the prosthetic side was more than the healthy side by 4.9s (p=0.05).There was no significant difference between prosthetic and healthy legs in braking impulse, medio-lateral impulse, peak of braking force, peak of propulsion force, and unloading rate (p>0.05).
Greater propulsive impulse, vertical impulse, and loading on the healthy leg than the prosthetic leg in the patients with unilateral below the knee amputation shows that there is a greater loading time interval on the healthy leg.

Aims: The most widely used joint in the wheelchair basketball players is shoulder. The shoulder joint undergoes stressful situations during repetitive movements and overhead movements, resulting in pain. The aim of this study was to compare the strength of the rotating muscles of shoulder joint in the dominant and non-dominant organs, as well as to investigate their correlations with the pain level in the shoulders of male wheelchair basketball players.
Instrument & In this descriptive correlational study with a relation survey, 50 male athletes of wheelchair basketball teams of Tehran and Alborz provinces, selected via purposeful non-random sampling method, were studied in 2014. MMT device was used to measure the strength of the rotating muscles in both zero degree and 45 degrees of shoulder abduction. Wheelchair users’ shoulder pain index (WUSPI) was used to measure the shoulder pain. Data was analyzed using paired-T test and Pearson correlation coefficient.
Findings: There was a significant correlation between the strengths of the internal and external rotating muscles of dominant and non-dominant organs in zero and 45 degrees (p0.05).
In male wheelchair basketball players, there is a correlation between the strengths of rotating muscles of dominant and non-dominant organs, but the strength of rotating muscles in the dominant organs is higher than non-dominants. In addition, there is a correlation between the strength of internal rotating muscles and the shoulder pain.

Aims: As a chronic disease, the physical side-effects in the chemically-injured veterans continually affect the quality of life of the veterans. Based on the studies, sport activities and exercises might enhance their mood, rehabilitate their physical conditions, and result in their mental relaxation. In addition, such activities might reduce the disabilities connected to such conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a sport program on the quality of life of the veterans with severe chemical injuries in Markazi Province.
Instrument & In this semi-experimental study, 12 veterans of Markazi Province, Iran, with severe chemical injuries were entered the study according to inclusion criteria in 2014. The subjects were selected purposefully. A sport exercise program was conducted in 6 months. The program included planned and moderate sport activities, health advices, and a massage program via multimedia educational packages. The activities were done at home. The quality of life was assessed before and after the exercise program using quality of life questionnaire connected to health. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software using paired T test.
Findings: There was a significant difference between the mean score of different aspects of quality of life after the intervention and the mean score before the intervention. And after the intervention, there were increases in the mean scores of the dimensions of quality of life including physical activities, limitations for the physical role, limitations for the emotional role, vitality, mental health, social functioning, physical pain, and general health (p A planned sport program enhances the dimensions of the quality of life of the veterans with severe chemical injuries.

Aims: Nowadays, any increase in the quality of life of different social classes is considered as important. The pain self-efficiency can affect the level of quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of physical activities on the quality of life and pain self-efficiency in persons with lower limb amputations.
Instrument & In the descriptive cross-sectional study, 110 lower-limb amputees, including 25 veterans and 85 non-veterans, referring to Tehran Red Crescent Office were studied in 2015. The subjects were selected via purposive sampling method. Data was collected using physical activity level, quality of life, and pain self-efficiency questionnaires. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using Pearson correlation coefficient, multi variable ANOVA, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Findings: There were significant correlations between all components of quality of life and pain self-efficiency in lower-limb veteran and non-veteran amputees groups and independent, relatively dependent, and completely dependent physical activity levels (p=0.001). There were significantly higher total mean scores of physical functioning, mental functioning, quality of life, and pain self-efficiency in independent lower-limb veteran amputees than relatively dependent and dependent veteran and non-veteran groups (p There are higher levels of physical functioning, mental functioning, quality of life, and pain self-efficiency in the lower-limb amputees with independent physical activities than with relatively dependent and dependent physical activities.

Aims: As the worst and the most debilitating problem in the patients with spinal cord injuries, pain can result in sleep and daily life disorders, as well as disturb their quality of life in general. Therefore, it is required to measure pain in the patients to plan any treatment and rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of different types of pain in patients with spinal cord injuries referred to Khatamol Anbia hospital in Tehran.
Instrument & In the cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study, 248 patients with spinal cord injuries referred to Khatamol Anbia hospital in Tehran were studied in 6 months of 2015 (from March to August). The subjects were selected by Cochran’s formula via purposeful sampling. Data was collected using the international questionnaire of basic pains of patients with spinal cord injuries. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using independent T test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA.
Findings: The most prevalent pains were the neuropathic (82.25%), the musculoskeletal (81.04%), and the visceral (41.12%0, successively. The most severe pains of the patients were the neuropathic (8.12±1.72), the musculoskeletal (6.06±1.22), and the visceral (3.88±0.89), successively. There was only a significant correlation between pain severity and gender (p0.05).
There are prevalent and, in most cases, severe pains in patients with spinal cord injuries. The most prevalent and severe pains are the neuropathic, the musculoskeletal, and the visceral pains, in succession.

Aims: The veterans and their families are suffering psychiatric pressures due to war occasions many years after the wars. Marital burnout can badly affect the quality of life of not only the veterans, but also their families and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on reduction of marital burnout components in wives of the veterans.
Instrument & In the semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, 30 wives of the veterans of Piranshahr, referred to the consoulting and care unit of Piranshahr Martyrs and Veterans Foundation to receive psychological professional helps and resolve their marital problems, were studied in 2015. The subjects, selected via available sampling method, were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). Data was collected using marital burnout inventory. 8 acceptance and commitment based group-treatment sessions were presented to experimental group. Data was analyzed using one-variable and multi-variable analysis of covariance tests.
Findings: At the posttest stage, the mean scores of marital burnout and its components in experimental group were significantly lower than control group (p=0.001).
Acceptance and commitment based therapy is effective on the reduction of marital burnout components in the wives of the veterans.

Aims: High pressures between the stamp and the socket after mutilation and receiving a prosthetic device is one of the main problems of the persons using such prosthesis. The aim of this study was to design and make a socket with a silicone brim in the trans-femoral prosthesis, as well as to investigate the pressure in the upper weight bearing areas compared to the current socket.
Patient & In the one-sample case study, a 38-year-old male person with unilateral (right side) traumatic trans-femoral amputation was studied. Two sockets, one made by the current method and another made with a silicone brim, were presented to the person. Using FSR (force sensing resistance) and an Arduino Due microcontroller board, a pressure measurement device was used to measure the pressure level.
Findings: In the sensor under the inferior pubic ramus (No. 8), there were 24.9% and 50.8% pressure increases in the silicone brim socket than the current socket in bipedal standing and standing on the prosthetic leg, respectively. In the sensor located in the upper part of scarpa’s triangle (No. 2), there was 29.1% pressure increasing on the silicone brim socket standing on the prosthetic leg. In addition, in the sensor on the ischial pad (No. 7), there was 2.4% pressure increasing on the silicone brim socket during walking at the loading response. The lowest pressure was in the femur great trochanter sensor (No. 4) in all cases and both sockets. On other points in all studied conditions, there were lower pressure levels in the silicone brim socket than the current socket.
Using the silicone brim socket in the trans-femoral prosthesis leads to decreasing of the pressures on the stamp compared to the current sockets.