فهرست مطالب

Diabetes and Obesity - Volume:6 Issue: 4, Winter 2014

Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Winter 2014

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/04/22
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Roya Khajeh, Mehrizi, Hassan Mozaffari, Khosravi, Akram Ghadiri, Anari, Ali Dehghani Page 149
    Objective
    Diabetes is a common endocrine disorder caused by deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin resistant. nowadays, in addition to trying to find a safe way to control diabetes, find the low side effect way is important. This study was designed to find the effect of Urtica dioica extract on glycemic control and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Materials And Methods
    A parallel randomized clinical trial was conducted with participating 60 patients with type 2 diabetes who met inclusion criteria were recruited. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 100mg/kg/day extract of Urtica dioica group (UG) and the other group which received placebo (PG) over an 8 weeks period. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentration and insulin resistance indices (insulin concentration, insulin resistance (IR), insulin sensitivity (S%) and β-cell function (β%)) were measured at baseline and end of the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and P<0.05 was considered significant.
    Results
    The mean difference of FBS in UG and PG were 20.16±52.6 mg/dl and -0.7±45.29 mg/dl (P-value=0.14) and the mean concentration of insulin in UG and PG were 2.5mU/L and 0.2mU/L (P-value=0.003), respectively, that showed a significant increase in insulin concentration in UG compared to PG and the mean IR in UG and PG were 0.3 and 0.1 (P-value=0.01) that showed a significant decrease in IR in UG compared to PG. The mean difference of β% in UG and PG were -24.16±35.07% and 1.22±18.14% (P-value=0.003), and the mean difference of S% in UG and PG were -54.72±69.3% and 1.1±74.01% (P-value=0.009), respectively that showed increase in insulin concentration, β% and S% and decrease in IR in UG compared to PG.
    Conclusions
    In the present study we demonstrated that consumption of 100mg/kg/day extract of U.dioica for 8 weeks did not have significant effect on FBS and it has significant effect on insulin resistance indices.
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Insulin resistance, U.dioica Extract
  • Shima Dehghan Banadaki, Hassan Mozaffari, Khosravi, Sedighe Ahmadi, Mohammad Kazem Hajimirzadeh, Mohammad Hassan Lotfi Page 157
    Objectives
    Inflammation is a common complication in patients treated with hemodialysis and increasing in inflammatory factors such as C-reactive Protein (CRP) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality in these patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral L- carnitine supplementation on serum CRP concentration and fasting blood sugar (FBS) in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
    Materials And Methods
    This study was a randomized clinical trial on 50 patients (30 males and 20 females) undergoing hemodialysis in the age range of 21-84 years from hemodialysis units of Yazd hospitals. Participants randomly divided into two groups, the Carnitine group (CaG) consumed daily oral syrup of L- carnitine containing 1000 mg of Carnitine for three months and the control group (CoG) did not use Carnitine. Serum levels of CRP and FBS were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS version 16.0.
    Results
    the mean difference in CRP concentration in CaG and CoG were, 1.95 ±9.4 and 0.6±10.8 (μg/l), respectively (P-value=0.7) and the mean of FBS at the baseline and after 12 weeks in the CaG were 118.7±51.4 mg/dl and 110.1±48.2 mg/dl, respectively (P-value=0.3) and in the CoG were 142.8±88.7 mg/dl and 131.8±68.9 mg/dl (P-value=0.26).
    Conclusion
    The oral administration of daily 1000 mg of L-carnitine for three months doesn’t effect on serum CRP and FBS concentrations in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
    Keywords: Blood sugar, Hemodialysis, Inflammation, L, carnitine
  • Nayereh Parsaeyan, Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani Page 163
    Objective
    The effect of herbal medicine is more useful than synthetic medicines. The present research paper aims to show the effects of leaves extracts of Zizyphus Spina Christi (ZSC) on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and activities of aminotransferase enzymes in streptozocin induced diabetic adult male rats.
    Materials And Methods
    Fifty six male rats weighing 150-200 gm were included in this study. They were divided into 8 groups. The first group, non-diabetic control rats received distilled water. The second, third and fourth groups, non-diabetic rats were given doses 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), 75 mg/kg (BW) and 100mg/kg (BW) ZSC extracts. The fifth group, diabetic control, received distilled water. The sixth, seventh and eighth were given doses, 50mg/kg (BW), 75 mg/kg (BW) and 100mg/kg (BW) ZSC extracts. Weight and fasting blood glucose were measured every week and the period of treatment continued for four weeks. Serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA) and aminotransferase enzymes (AST, ALT) were measured at the end of experiment.
    Results
    In diabetic rats ZSC leaves extract significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotranferase) (P<0.05). The serum malondialdehyde markedly decreased (P<0.001), But HDL –C increased significantly (P<0.05).
    Conclusion
    The present paper revealed that ZCS leaves extract has beneficial effects on lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and aminotranferase enzymes in diabetic rats.
    Keywords: Diabetic rats, Lipid per oxidation, Lipid profile, Ziziphus Spina Christi
  • Soheila Rahmani, Alireza Zahirrodin, Mahshid Moradi, Shahrzad Hoveida, Somayeh Nejati Page 168
    Objective
    Diabetes is a chronic disease that causes severe side effects in patients. According to the previous studies, the incidence of depression and anxiety is higher among patients with diabetes type 2. The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and conscious yoga on depression, anxiety and stress in patients with diabetes type 2.
    Materials And Methods
    The study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, control group and a 2-month follow-up. 24 patients among patients with diabetes who referred to Imam Hossein hospital were selected in an available way and were randomly assigned into experimental (n1=12) and control groups (n2=12). The level of quality of life was measured using Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) in pre-test. Then, participants of the experimental group received group mindfulness-based stress reduction program and conscious yoga for 8 sessions. After completing the interventions, patient's quality of life level was measured again and data were analyzed using multivariate repeated measurement model.
    Results
    Findings showed there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of the quality of life level and mindfulness-based stress reduction program significantly increases the quality of life in the participants of the experimental group.
    Conclusion
    The result of this study suggests that mindfulness-based stress reduction program can be an appropriate therapeutic method for improving quality of life in patients with diabetes type 2.
    Keywords: Conscious yoga, Diabetes mellitus, Mindfulness, based stress reduction program, Quality of life
  • Fatemeh Taheri, Tayebeh Chahkandi, Toba Kazemi, Bita Bijari Page 176
    Objective
    The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents is increasing worldwide. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among adolescent students11-19 year old in Birjand, east of Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    This cross-sectional study in 2012 was conducted on 2453 students (1296 girls and 1157 boys) who had been selected through multi stage cluster sampling from Middle and High school schools of Birjand. Obesity and overweight were defined according to CDC criteria, 85-95th percentile was taken as overweight and >95th percentile was defined as obese with respect to age and sex. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software (V:15).T-test and chi-square were used for statistical analys is P≤0.05 was considered as the significance level.
    Results
    7.3% of students (8.4% of boys and 6.4% of girls) were overweight and 8.2% of students (i.e. 8.1% of boys and 8.3% of girls) were obese.
    Conclusion
    Considering the high prevalence of obesity and overweight among adolescents of Birjand, therefore, prevention of childhood obesity is a high priority. For this purpose, it is recommended that necessary information and healthy lifestyle education should be provided to families.
    Keywords: Adolescent, Obesity, Overweight
  • Seyed, Ali Mostafavi, Pouria Yazdian, Anari, Maryam Mahmoudi, Fahimeh Mirzaei, Reza Bidaki, Mohammad Hossein Mahmoodi Meymand Page 182
    Objective
    Fragile X syndrome is the second etiology for inherited mental retardation. It may concomitant with other psychiatric disorders. Intellectual disability (ID) is a state of functioning that typically begins in childhood and is characterized by limitations in intelligence and adaptive skills. We intend to introduce a male young patient with Fragile X syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive disorder.
    Case Presentation
    A single, obese male patient with aggressive behaviors, intellectual disabilities, hyperphagia and Obsessive–Compulsive disorder was admitted for treatment. Behavioral problems and impaired interpersonal relationship was caused many of next problems. Also metabolic syndrome is suggested for him.
    Conclusion
    In a mental retard patient, obsession may not be a chief complaint, but we saw compulsive behavior dominantly in this patient. Some cultural factors like stigma, low social support and unsuitable community approach towards him may be effective in this case. So, further evaluations and treatment of psychiatric and medical co morbidities is highly needed in an adolescent with mental retardation.
    Keywords: Fragile X syndrome_Hyperphagia_Mental retardation_Obsessive_compulsive disorder
  • Elaheh Asadi, Ehsan Farashahi Yazd, Mohammad Hassan Sheikhha, Nasrin Ghasemi, Razieh Zarifian Yeganeh Page 186
    Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited common autosomal Mendelian disorder of lipoprotein metabolism with a population prevalence of 1 in 500. FH is characterized by severely elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which result in surplus deposition of cholesterol in tissues. This condition leads to premature at hero sclerosis and early-onset of coronary heart disease. FH mainly results from mutations in the LDLR gene. However, mutations in other genes like APOB and PCSK9 can cause similar phenotype. Early diagnosis and treatment of FH patients will reduce morbidity and mortality. Index cases are usually diagnosed using cholesterol levels, clinical characteristics and familial history; despite this, genetic testing may present a decisive diagnosis of FH by detecting a pathological mutation. Then cascade testing is implemented for first-degree relatives by using lipid levels and genetic tests. This is the most cost-effective strategy performed in some countries. Statins are the first-line treatment in most of the patients for LDL-C reduction. Nonetheless, many FH patients cannot attain to the normal LDL-C levels with statins consumption. For these patients several new classes of pharmacotherapy and novel strategies exist to obtain greater LDL-C reductions such as ezetimibe, colesevelam, thyroid hormone analogs, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitors, apolipoprotein B100 antisense and PCSK9-specific monoclonal antibodies. In this article we review familial hypercholesterolemia, its diagnostic methods and genetic tests, new pharmacotherapies and novel strategies in the management of familial hypercholesterolemia.
    Keywords: Diagnosis, Familial hypercholesterolemia, LDL receptor, Treatment
  • Masoud Rahmanian, Fateme Sadat Haghighi, Nasim Namiranian Page 197
    Ramadan, the holy month of Muslims, is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. During fasting, plasma glucose levels and circulating insulin decrease gradually and counter regulatory hormones such as glucagon and catecholamines tend to rise. Diabetic Muslims who insist on fasting should be aware of potential complications and techniques of decreasing the risks. Muslims should be evaluated 2-4 weeks before Ramadan and high risk patients should not fast. Low risk patients should receive adequate education and appropriate medication change to cope with fasting. During Ramadan frequent blood glucose monitoring is an effective method for preventing hypoglycemia. Nutritional change is an essential component for safe fasting. In this article we was review studies that evaluate changes that would affect diabetic patients in Ramadan.
    Keywords: Diabetes, Fasting, Nutrition, Ramadan