فصلنامه زن و جامعه
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 9، بهار 1391)

This research aimed to investigate cultural and psychological factors affecting the well-being of “empty nest’s” mothers in Sari. This study surveyed 241 women in the center. The research instrument was a questionnaire whose reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. A use was made of SPSS to run Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis on the data. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between connection with different groups, education, using media, marital satisfaction, self-confidence, and intimacy with other family members, mother-child dependency and the psychological well-being of mothers of the center. Multivariate regression analysis further indicated that mother-child dependency and connection with different groups had the largest direct impact (p=0292) and Smallest impact (p=0.238) on mothers’ psychological well-being respectively.

This study examined the effectiveness of group training drawing on the multifaceted Lazarus approach on women's marital satisfaction. This study was concerned with all married women members of Basij in Sabzdasht. From among a total of 200 women 30 women were selected using simple random sampling method. They were assigned equally to the control and experimental groups. The research instrument was Enrich’s marital satisfaction 47-item questionnaire which was filled out by the subjects before and after the treatment. Data were analyzed employing covariance analysis. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference between the control and experimental group means indicating that the group training was effective in increasing the marital satisfaction and sexual relationship of the subjects in the experimental group

The quality of women participation in political activities is affected by social, economical, political, historical structures, and ideological bases of social relations. Although, women have dual roles in production and reproduction constituency, their participation has not been deemed important in formal political structure and its processes, where decisions are made by men and women attending to production social sources. Therefore, investigating their status in politics, entails taking into account the totality of the system and social structure and stability of the structural relations. A use was made of a questionnaire in this survey. This study included all women above 18 in Borazjan as the study population. Out of this population 273 respondents were sampled using simple random sampling strategy. The face validity and reliability (Cronbach’s’ alpha=0.86) of the instrument was assessed. Pearson correlation and ANOVA were performed to examine the hypotheses and regression analysis to evaluate the model. The results of research indicated that there was a significant relationship between the place of birth, education, job, social class, religion, income, using mass media, political family, political friends, and interest in political activity and women’s political participation. However, there was no significant relationship between age, marital status, ethnicity and their political participation. Multiple regression analysis further revealed that religion, political friends, interest in political activity, using mass media and education could account for 47% of the variance in the dependant variable

This study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of self-forgiveness group therapy program based Quranic principles in reducing divorced women’s depression. In the first phase, 65 divorced women from Zanjan welfare centre were administered Beck’s Depression Inventory(II). Those with scores of 10-30 (from low to mediate) (N=20) were asked to complete Mauger’s Self-forgiveness Scale. They were then randomly assigned to two groups of control (N=10) and experimental (N=10). The experimental group received a treatment of self-forgiveness group therapy for 2 month (8 sessions). Both groups were administered Beck’s Depression Inventory (II) and Mauger’s Self-forgiveness Scale again as the post-tests. Covariance analysis of the data indicated that self-forgiveness scores of the experimental group increased and, hence, their depression scores reduced

The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of a spiritual group therapy approach in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress among women patients with breast cancer. The sample included 24 subjects (aged 18 to 60) selected randomly from among patients who referred to cancer therapy centers in Shiraz, Iran. The participants were then randomly assigned to two groups of experimental (n=12) and control (n=12). All participants were asked to complete the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS-20) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS- 21). The experimental group underwent the spiritual group therapy for 12 sessions, but the control group received no treatment. All the participants took the instruments again as post-tests. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that there was a significant reduction of depression (p≤0/0001) among the members of the experimental group. Moreover, the therapy significantly (p≤0/003) improved the spiritual well-being of the subjects in the experimental group.

This descriptive study aimed to examine factors shaping premarital friendship between boys and girls students. The target population included all students (N=2960) of Education Faculty of Islamic Azad University (Marvdasht). A total of 219 students were sampled using cluster sampling method. Research instrument was a 30-item questionnaire developed by the researchers employing Principal Component Analysis tapping into individual, family, and social components. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between two means (out of three) and that individual, family and social factors, in order of strength, affected the formulation of premarital friendship. As regards the demographic characteristics, the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the aforementioned factors and gender, employment status, and marital status of the respondents.

The aim of this research was to study the factors influencing the work culture among female workers in the industrial sector of Abhar town. This study involved a sample of 130 female workers, selected through random selection, according to Cochran formula. The research method was survey and documentary research methods. A use was made of Queens’ work culture questionnaire and cards to collected data. To evaluate the hypotheses Pearson correlation analysis was performed. The results revealed that there was a correlated relationship between personal/personality factors, job-related factors, economic factors, cultural factors, and organizational factors and work culture. Multiple regression analysis further indicated that from among the independent variables cultural variables had the greatest significance.

This paper is based on an experimental study exploring the effect of Non- Governmental Organizations (NGO) in empowering women heading households in Tehran. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of NGO membership on the socio-economic status of women heading households in Tehran city through examining the mean differences of two groups of women’s access to welfare resources, professional skills, social support, social trust, life satisfaction, power of control and making decision, attitudes toward one’s abilities and merits. A use was made of a questionnaire in this survey study. A total of 384 respondents was sampled using cluster sampling method. Data were analyzed through utilizing Chi square and Mann-Whitney U test. The results revealed that women NGO members had a significantly higher socio-economic status, more access to welfare resources, more life satisfaction, and a better attitude toward their abilities and merits. However there were no other significant differences as regards professional skills, social support, social trust, life satisfaction, power of control and making decision between the study groups.