فهرست مطالب

International Journal of Psychology
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Summer-Fall 2013

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/09/15
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Zahra Bahrami, Kamranyazdanbakhsh, Seyed Mohsen Hojatkhah Page 1
    To fight with the spread of AIDS, the focus must be on increasing the acknowledgment and information about the ways in which HIV may be transmitted. This issue is important in decreasing the risky sexual behavior and thus is successful in reduction of HIV transmission. The purpose of this study is to examine the relation of information levels, motivation and risk perception of HIV morbidity risky sexual behaviors in the students of Razi University. The present study is a correlation study with a practical purpose. The target population includes all the students of Kermanshah Razi University studying during of 2010-2011 academic year. The sample consists of 375 male and female BA and MA students selected by stratified random sampling. The survey instruments include HIV information questionnaire, national AIDS questionnaire, international AIDS questionnaire and global positive attitude to AIDS questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariable regression method. The Findings have shown that there is a significant multiple correlation between the information level, motivation and risk perception of HIV morbidity with risky sexual behaviors (r=0.636). Perceived risk of HIV is more important in risky sexual behaviors than information and motivation.
  • Susan Aghajan Baglu Page 21
    This study aimed at examining the varying features of crisis cases with suicide attempts as compared to those crisis cases with no suicide history and also with normal controls. This comparison was established not only on the basis of depression and anxiety symptoms but also on problem solving skills and perceived social support. The sample of the study was composed of 227 participants; 83 of whom were crisis patients who have attempted suicide (suicidal group), 64 were patients suffering from acute crises but had no suicide history (Crisis group), and 70 having no psychological problems of any kind (normal control group). Based on whether age was a control variable, as expected, suicidal cases had significantly more depressive symptoms than the other two groups. Furthermore, non-suicidal crisis cases reported more depressive symptoms than the normal controls. Regarding anxiety symptoms and perceived social support there were no significant differences between suicidal and non-suicidal crisis cases. However, both crisis groups suffered more from anxiety symptoms and perceived less social support as compared to the normal controls. Concerning the problem solving skills, crisis cases with no suicidal history did not significantly differ from the normal control group. Whereas, both of these groups as compared to the crisis cases with suicidal history, revealed better problem solving skills. Finally, according to MANOVA and regression analyses carried out for the suicidal cases, high anxiety symptoms, low level of perceived social support from family, and “impulsive problem solving style” emerged as important risk factors for suicide. These findings were discussed in relation to the relevant literature.
    Keywords: suicide attempts, problem solving skill, perceived social support
  • Samereh Asadi Majareh, Abbas Bakhshipour Rodsari, Hamid Poursharifi, Maryam Abedini Page 39
    Type D personality is predictive of adverse clinical outcome and psychological distress in cardiac patients. The mechanisms by which type D personality influences health are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between type D personality and the health locus of control. A sample of 588 students (370 females and 218 males) were selected, according to the cluster random sampling method, from the students of Tabriz University and were asked to complete a questionnaire about type D personality and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control. Research data were analyzed by statistical methods of Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analyses. The results showed that, through dimensions of Health Locus of Control, only the relationship between negative affect and social inhibition with health locus of control of powerful others were positive and statistically significant. Also, regression analysis showed that components, such as negative affect and social inhibition were good predictors for health locus of control of powerful others. Based on these findings, we conclude that people with type D personality have high health locus of control of powerful others; and both dimensions, i.e., negative affect and social inhibition, are correlated with high powerful others’ health locus of control.
    Keywords: Type D personality_negative affects_social inhibition_Multidimensional Health Locus of Control
  • Soodeh Tavakkoli, Kowsar Simiarian, Marzieh Hajiaghababaei, Majid Saffarinia Page 57
    Environmental psychology is effective in reformation of occupational environments. Applying a kind of scenery and environmental design based on principles of the environmental psychology can influence various indicators of human psychology. The aim of this study is to study the influence of environmental design on job satisfaction. The research design was quasi experimental. A sample of 186 participants were selected through convenient sampling from three different parts of Khatam Al Anbia hospital, then Smith and Kendal job satisfaction scale (1996) and Mc Vicar work stress questionnaire (2003) were applied to them. Data were analyzed using the MANOVA method, followed by Tukey post-hoc test. The survey results demonstrated that those who work in an environment designed with natural elements (group1) compared to the rest of the staff in the hospital showed greater job satisfaction and less work stress (P<.05). Even without changes in the interior architecture and ergonomics, the use of perspectives and beautiful scenery image (goup2) had an influence on the lessening of the work stress and increasing the job satisfaction among the relevant group of staff (P<.05).
    Keywords: environmental psychology, designed environment, natural elements, job Satisfaction, work stress
  • Farideh Hamidi, Moslem Amiri Page 73
    The purpose of this research was to study the relationship of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy with Job Satisfaction of high school teachers. The study population consisted of all high school teachers in Kermanshah and participants (including 142 males and 158 females) were selected by the multistage sampling method. Research tools included Shrink''s (1995) Emotional Intelligence questionnaire, Sherer''s (1982) Self-Efficacy and the Wysocki and Kromm’s (1994) Job Descriptive Index, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression methods have been used for data analysis. Results showed that the correlations between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction (r =.204) and self-efficacy and job satisfaction (r =.21) are significant (P<.01). The stepwise regression showed that from the predictive variables, only the self-efficacy (4.4 percent) is a good predictor of job satisfaction. Out of the components of emotional intelligence, self awareness was the only one which was able to predict job satisfaction and explain some of its variance. These results indicate that the more EI (especially with the component of self awareness) and self-efficacy, the more job satisfaction in the selected sample.
    Keywords: emotional intelligence, self, efficacy, job satisfaction, self, awareness
  • Saeedeh Zenoozian, Behrooz Birashk, Banafsheh Gharraee, Ali Asghar Asgharnejad Farid Page 96
    Unified Protocol (UP) is a kind of transdiagnostic psychotherapy for emotional disorders as a new psychotherapy. The current study intended to compare severity of symptoms, happiness and quality of life of adjustment disorder in two groups of university students treated by UP or cognitive therapy. This study was a randomized clinical trial. The sample included 23 university students with the adjustment disorder. Patients were assigned to 2 groups randomly (UP and cognitive therapy groups). The intervention in UP group was conducted based on Barlow & his colleagues (2011) manual for unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders. For the cognitive group therapy, researchers applied Ferry’s cognitive group therapy protocol (2007). Ten therapeutic sessions administered for each group. The instruments included the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) and World Health of Quality of Life (WHO QOL-BREF). The data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results showed that clients receiving UP reported a significantly decrease in severity of Adjustment Disorder symptoms, and an increase in happiness and improvement in quality of life at post- treatment state. However, the results of comparison of all the variables in 2 groups were not statistically significant.
    Keywords: unified protocol, transdiagnostic adjustment disorder, happiness, quality of life, university students
  • Parisa Moazedyan, Mahjoube Pourebrahimi, Masoud Bagheri Page 117
    Considerable evidence indicates the significant role of spirituality and parenting styles in determination of personality disorders. The present research aims at investigating the relationships of “spiritual intelligence and parenting styles” with the schizoid, schizotypal, and paranoid personality disorders in Kerman Shahid Bahonar University students in Iran. A sample of 290 individuals were selected by random sampling to fill out the King’s spiritual intelligence questionnaire (SISRI-24), the Millon’s clinical multi-axis questionnaire (MCMI-III), and the Robinson’s parenting styles questionnaire. Results of Pearson correlation analysis indicate that spiritual intelligence has a significant negative correlation only with schizotypal personality disorder. Authoritarian and permissive styles of parenting have significant positive correlations with all the personality disorders of schizoid, schizotypal, and paranoid disorders, while the authoritative style has a negative correlation with them (P<.5). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the strongest predictive variables for schizoid personality disorder are authoritative and permissive styles, (P<.01). The predictors of schizotypal personality disorder are permissive and authoritarian styles and spiritual intelligence (P<.01), while the variable of the authoritarian style (P<.01) is the predictors of paranoia personality disorder. Adverse parenting styles and the lack of spiritual intelligence, can cause disorders in young people’s behavioral processes, and thus turns them prone to personality disorders.
    Keywords: spiritual intelligence, parenting styles, schizoid character, schizotypal character, paranoid character
  • Fakhrossadat Ghoreyshi Rad Page 136
    The present study aimed to examine possible differences in emotional intelligence (EI), self-esteem, and aggression in mono- and bilinguals. A total of 260 undergraduate students (130 monolinguals and 130 bilinguals) from Azar baijan Shahid Madani University were randomly selected. The students responded to Bradbury & Graves EI, Coopersmith Self-esteem, and Aggression Questionnaires. The data were analyzed by MANOVA method. The results showed significant difference in aggression between the two groups of monolinguals and bilinguals (P<.05). Monolinguals, however, achieved higher scores on aggression than bilinguals. The results of the present study confirm that bilinguals can achieve to higher goals due to their ability to interact in two different situations, and exhibit lesser aggression in their social interactions.
    Keywords: emotional intelligence, self, esteem, aggression, monolingual, bilingual