فصلنامه فناوری آموزش
سال دهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 38، بهار 1395)

In this research the content of experimental science book of third grade students of guidance school  has been investigated using bloom classification in the cognitive domain and its results were compared with the cognitive domain in TIMSS 2007.The statistical society of this research was the total content of the experimental Science book of the third grade of  guidance school in the educational year 89-90 included 156 pages. 4 sections and 14 chapters. In order to obtain reliability the statistical society was considered as an example. Research method was descriptive and from the type of content evaluation. To gather information related to behavioral objectives, the behavioral objectives of the book were extracted using, the text and teacher's guide of the book.For the purpose of the goal –content table was used and its validity was evaluated by face validity.The reliability measurement was done using agreement coefficient methods and its value was 76% the obtained information was analyzed by descriptive statistics including, frequency, percent of frequent and inferential statistics.The results showed that the objective of book is 23.35% in knowledge level, 40.14% in understanding levels, 10.56% in application level, 9.15% in analysis level, 4.43% in combination level and 9.84% in evaluation level.Then Bloom domain levels were combined together and the results were compared with three levels of the cognitive domain (knowledge, application and reasoning) in TIMSS.The results indicated that the objectives percentage allocated to these levels has significant difference with the behavioral objectives percentage of experimental science book. Also comparison between the content domain of book and evaluated content domain in TIMSS show that there is a difference between these  two areas.Therefore the content of the science book is a reason for the Iranian Student to be success in TIMSS and the authors must be revise the content of the book.

The aim of this research is a feasibility study of smart schools program (SSP) in Agricultural Technical High Schools (ATHS) of Kermanshah and Lorestan provinces. For this purpose the current possibilities and conditions of the ATHS have been examined in terms of infrastructural level, users' awareness and the teaching-learning environment. The research typology is a quantitative method through a surveying study. The statistical population was three groups include 1) administrators, 2) the students, and 3) the trainers with a number of 7, 563 and 85, respectively. Of those a number of 7 administrators, 228 students, and 71 trainers were selected as the samples. The data were gathered by research-made questionnaires and the assessment checklists. The questionnaire's questions were confirmed in terms of reliability and validity. The results showed that the level of infrastructure (hardware, software, and financial) as well as the knowledge level of trainers and students to SSP requirements were too low. The results revealed that the teaching-learning conditions to start the SSP at the ATHS were not in a proper status while the attitude of both trainers and students was positive towards the SSP.

The main purpose of the present study was the comparison of the impact of instruction using instructional software and traditional method of learning and retention geometry lesson. This study was a quasi-experimental study. Statistical population consisted of all students in the Zanjan city's public schools. Using random sampling, there are two classes of 30 and then randomly selected one class as the experimental group and control group was selected as another class. To get the result semi test method was used to collect the data needed for a self-made test. To analyze the data, were used descriptive and inferential statistical methods as Vic Shapiro test, t-test and analysis of covariance. The results showed that: Students who have been trained by a combination method these students had a higher level of learning and retention in the spatial geometry lesson.

Reasoning and proof in mathematics education are important at all educational levels, from school to university. Understanding mathematics without emphasis on reasoning and proving is almost impossible. The purpose of this study was to investigate the university students’ conception of mathematical proof. For this, a survey method was used. The participants of this study were 170 students collected from four universities; Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training, Shahid Beheshti, Science and Technology and Amirkabir University of Technology as available samples. The data collecting Instrument was a questionnaire based on the modified version of Roy and et.al (2010). In this questionnaire a theorem with its proving was presented and then the students were asked to answer the questions about the process of making the mathematical proof. A model was used to evaluate the students’ answers to questions based on Ramos and et.al (2011). It is consists of both global and local aspects. This model investigates seven different levels of understanding of the process of making mathematical proof. The findings of the study showed that most of the students had a local comprehension of the proof. In fact, they understood the relations between the concepts and statements in the proof. But a small percentage of them had a more holistic comprehension of the proof. It seems several factors, including the lack of attention to the assumptions of the  theorem, their inability to provide logical reasoning and rational organization of statements of the proof, and most importantly, the lack of students’ knowledge may be insufficient in this inability.

This research studies the design of a model of afterschool programs in cyberspace for third grade students of guidance school in 2012-2013 school year in Tehran City. For this purpose, the main parameters of the model were identified and their interrelations were studied, in order to identify the determining needs and major parameters of afterschool programs in cyberspace. A researcher-made questionnaire has been used for the students and a semi-structured interview for the principals, teachers and other educational staff. The data collected from the questionnaires and the interviews were processed and analyzed by SPSS and AMOS. Thus the conceptual model "after school programs in cyberspace " was confirmed. According to the needs analysis that was performed, the parameters of the after school programs in cyberspace were divided into two exogenous parameters of knowledge and skill and seven endogenous parameters of individual-social features, gaining knowledge extracurricular use, accessibility to information and sources, leisure, place of after school programs, and network features. Finally, the results indicated that the two parameters of individual –social features and place of after school programs in having the most direct and indirect effects on the model of after school programs in cyberspace. Further, in addition to identifying the major parameters of afterschool programs and studying the amount of effects of each of them. The causes and necessity of such programs were studied according to the qualitative and quantitative results.

Iranian educational systems heavily focus  on Smart schools and equipping. Based on social-cognitive theory student attitude toward school affect student achievement and motivation. With attention to the importance of student attitude toward technology and schools, this study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire in order to estimate student attitude toward Smart schools. A sample 305 middle school student from grade 7 and 8 in South Khorasan   was selected randomly. Exploratory factor analysis identified 9 factors that explain 62 present of the variance of student attitude toward smart schools. These factors include: attitude towards interactive whiteboard; attitude towards teacher;  reluctance to classroom; general attitude towards smart schools; test and feedback; feeling alone in school; student satisfaction from teaching; the impression of school and finally family attitude. The alpha value revealed instrument is reliable (α=0. 89). All Instrument factors can predict 22.5 percent of the variance of students' self-expressed GPA. This questionnaire was recommended to researchers to study and school policy makers for decision making.

Current spiritual needs of society have attracted the attention of humanities scholars and experts.  Islam remains with this historical claim of addressing human spirit and psychological needs for every generation at any time.  It is a mission for every Moslem to advocate Islamic religious thought.  Religious advocacy in Islam means communicating facts to the public in form of invitation to follow Divine orders and encouragement to follow prophets' traditions.  Advertising has psychological and sociological roles in persuading people. It may take many forms, including sensorial, logical, and emotional.  Identification of different advertising approaches and learning how to apply them in religious advocacy has profound effects in inviting others to strive for perfection and reach for God. The objective of the present study was to examine the principles and theories of teaching advertising methods.  Data collection for this study was through library research.  The research data were gathered from related books, articles, and sites with the nature and objective of this study in mind.  Therefore, the presented data have no quantitative or statistical value.