فصلنامه فرهنگی - تربیتی زنان و خانواده
سال هفتم شماره 22 (بهار 1392)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of life skills training on marital conflicts. The target population consisted of all the women referring to the Counseling Center of School District 3 in Karaj during the third to the ninth month of the year 2011. From the population, a group of 50 women was screened through the researcher-made marital conflict questionnaire. Then, 25 subjects were divided into experimental and control groups and they participated in a quasi-experimental study. One week before the beginning of the treatment, both groups took the marital conflict pre-test. Then, the experimental group received 15 sessions of life skills training. After the training, both groups took the marital conflict post-test. The obtained data were analyzed through ANCOVA and the results indicated that life skills training could significantly decrease marital conflicts (P<0/05).

The present study is aimed at examining the impact of religious attitude on the enhancement of mental relaxation and selfconfidence and reduction of anxiety and depression among adolescent girls. The survey research method was utilized to fulfill this objective. A sample of 302 subjects was selected from among high school female students using the cluster random sampling method. The data collection instruments includedreligious attitude questionnaire and relaxation, self-confidence, anxiety, and depression inventories. The data were analyzed at both descriptive and inferential levels (the t-test, F-test and Pearson correlation coefficient) using SPSS software. The results showed that religious attitude affects student's mental relaxation and self-confidence, but it does not reduce anxiety and depression. In other words, there are other factors that cause anxiety and depression, but mental relaxation and selfconfidence are rooted in religious attitude.

The main purpose of this study is to compare the cultural intelligence and marital satisfaction of married students at Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University. To accomplish this, 100 married students (50 females and 50 males) were selected from various faculties of the university using purposive sampling technique and the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale and the CQS Cultural Intelligence Scale were administered to them. To compare the independent means, the obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation, MANOVA, and t-test. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the marital satisfaction of the married male and female students. However, the difference related to cultural intelligence and meta-cognitive elements cultural strategies, cognition or cultural knowledge and cultural motivation is significant. At the same time, no significant difference was observed on the elements of cultural behavior (P ≥ 0/05).

The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between happiness and marital satisfaction among the families living in Zahak town. The correlational descriptive research method is utilized and the population includes all the residents (both male and female) of Zahak. A group of 370 subjects were selected though stratified random sampling and the data were collected using two questionnaires: the Argyle Happiness Questionnaire including 29 short form questions and the ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale including 47 questions. The validity of the questionnaires is based on content validity and their reliability indexes were calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation coefficient, one-group t-test, independent t-test and, F-test. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that there is a positive significant relationship between the happiness and marital satisfaction of the families in Zahak. The results of the one-group t-test indicated that the mean of happiness as well as the mean of marital satisfaction is above average among the families in Zahak. The results of the independent t-test showed that there are significant differences between the male and female respondents’ reported happiness and marital satisfaction. The F-test results showed that, on the basis of education, there is a significant difference between the happiness and marital satisfaction of the families in Zahak.

The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence rate of personality disorders among the healthy and unhealthy adult males and females living in several cities is Iran. For this purpose, a sample of 980 subjects including 599 women and 381 men were selected. The subjects were selected through voluntary and availability sampling method. Then, the men and women were compared on personality scales running the Millon-III Inventory. The research design was causal-comparative and the utilized instrument was the Millon Personality Disorder Scale-III (for the first time, preliminarily standardized in Iran by Khodabakhsh (1380)). The data were analyzed through t-test and F-test. The results showed significant differences between the two sexes on some of the personality scales.

The present study was conducted to find out the influence of self-differentiation control training on the emotional acts of housewives. The study was carried out on the basis of the quasiexperimental design with control and experimental groups. The research population included the housewives referring to the culture house of district five in Tehran. On the basis of the availability sampling method, 40 subjects were selected and put into experimental and control groups according the matching technique. The experimental group received eight sessions of training on self-differentiation control but the control group received no treatment. The required data were collected by means of the affection questionnaire and were analyzed through analysis of covariance and correlated t-test procedure. The findings suggest that self-differentiation control training has improved the housewives’ elements of emotional act in the experimental group (F=188/716, P<0/000). There is also evidence that self-differentiation control can enhance the elements of intimacy and desire for and commitment to emotional act by adjusting dependence upon the original family and women’s independent emotional relationships with their spouses. Also, the results of the t-test showed that the desirable changes created in women’s emotional relationships have endured.

Family cohesion, as a new concept in the cultural engineering debate of the country, is a device which can be utilized to link strategic management and executive management in national and strategic plans and in evaluation of the indicators, policies and procedures of the national schemes and plans affecting the family institution. In fact, family cohesion signifies the evaluation of the mutual effects of every remarkable economic, political and social activity on the family system. It is a crucial and decisive issue which can contribute to the fulfillment of the strategic objectives of the country and its widespread growth and advancement. For the first time, this issue was raised by the Supreme Leader under the title of cultural engineering and as one of the important tasks of the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution. Indeed, family cohesion is an efficient, effective and noteworthy facilitator which contributes to the fulfillment of the objectives this comprehensive plan.