فصلنامه فرهنگی - تربیتی زنان و خانواده
سال هشتم شماره 25 (زمستان 1392)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women that leaves various negative impacts on different aspects of individual and family life. The present study aimed at examining the impact of group logotherapy on the mental health and quality of life of women suffering from breast cancer. To this end, a sample of 30 subjects was selected from among all the women with breast cancer in Tehran and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received training over eight two-hour sessions. To assess the mental health status and quality of life, the General Health (GHQ) Questionnaire, Quality of Life Questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were utilized at the pre-test and post-test stages. The obtained data from both the experimental and control groups were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results suggested that the group logotherapy intervention program was effective and it had led to significant differences in all areas of measurement. Overall, the results indicate the group logotherapy intervention program improves the mental health and quality of life of patients suffering from breast cancer.

This research has been conducted to examine the factors influencing the employed women’s participation in taking management positions in Maragheh public schools. Based on the conceptual model of the research, individual, organizational and cultural factors were recognized influential in employed women’s rate of participation in taking managerial positions. To confirm or reject the impact of these factors, the research data were obtained by administering a researcher-made questionnaire on a sample of 256 subjects selected from among the female managers working in public schools of Maragheh (in 1390-1392 academic years). Then, to find out the relationship between the dependent and independent variables, the data were analyzed using the fixed Pearson test, the one-sample t-test and regression analysis. The results indicate that the three hypotheses are accepted. In other words, individual, organizational and cultural factors influence employed women’s rate of participation in taking management positions in Maragheh public schools. As a final point, we can say that, based the research results, cultural factors have the highest impact on employed women’s rate of participation in taking management positions.

The aim of this study is to compare the rate of organizational intelligence of the principals of high schools for girls and boys in Yazd Province according to their gender. This is an applied research work and the method utilized here is causalcomparative. The population includes all the high school principals in Yazd Province in the academic year 1390-1391. A sample of 285 subjects was selected from this population on the basis of the relative stratified random sampling technique. The data collection instrument was an organizational intelligence questionnaire whose reliability was 0.97 according to Cronbach's alpha. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and inferential statistics (t-test for comparison of means) were utilized. The findings indicated that from the viewpoint of school teachers, there is no significant difference between the female and male high school principals in terms of anorganizational intelligence. Considering the growing importance of human resources management and its decisive role in selecting and appointing work force of organizations and generalizing this finding to anorganizational intelligence of female and male managers in society, we can say that meritocracy needs to the main priority in the recruitment plans of the personnel departments of organizations so that they can select the most qualified individuals for management positions of organizations irrespective of their gender.

The aim of the current study is to compare early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and attachment styles in delinquent and normal adolescents and then to compare them with the attachment styles of their parents. The research method is causal-comparative (ex post facto) and the participants were 100 delinquent adolescents (75 boys, 25 girls), 100 normal adolescents (65 boys, 35 girls) and their parents. The sampling methods were availability sampling and cluster random sampling for delinquent adolescents and normal adolescents respectively. The data collection instruments were the short form of Yung’s Early Maladaptive Schema Inventory and Collin and Reed’s Attachment Style Scales. The results of the hypothesis analysis by means of the two-way ANOVA showed that there is a significant difference (p<0/001) between the EMSs and attachment styles of the parents of delinquent adolescents and those of normal adolescents. The results of the present study are in agreement with those of the previous research on the relationship between EMS and non-secure attachment style in parents and they suggest that the parents of delinquent adolescents with maladaptive schemas have higher non-secure attachment styles. These results can be used to assist families and prevent high-risks behaviors among adolescents.

One of the ways of disseminating liberal feminism is utilization of English language teaching through which English culture is spread among language learners. In order to find out the indicators of liberal feminism in English language teaching resources, the researchers, first, identified its dimensions and components following a cultural approach. Then, the three mostly used English language resources in Iran were selected and the contents of the parts containing clear indicators of liberal feminism were analyzed. The analyses were carried out on the basis of the components of liberal feminism and the common Islamic, Iranian culture. These analyses were presented to twenty experts to be confirmed. Then, the content analyses were revised and the final results were achieved. The results indicated that the two dimensions of equality (35.5 percent) and capability (30.5 percent) were the most frequent in the resources. Freedom (17.5 percent) and legal protection (13.5 percent) took up the third and fourth places in the table. Other dimensions had a frequency of less than 5 percent and were negligible.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the extent of using cultural tools of globalization (radio, television, satellite, the Internet and mobile phone) and the changes in the way Tehran residents spend their leisure time. The way people spend their leisure time is influenced by the culture and values which dominate every society. Today, the cultural tools of globalization have facilitated and accelerated the transfer of other cultures and caused the style of spending leisure to be influenced by other cultures rather than one’s own culture. Studying this phenomenon seems necessary since it impacts on the family and society. This descriptive-analytic study was carried out using the survey method. Using the multistage cluster sampling technique, 500 subjects were selected in Tehran and asked to complete a researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis, SPSS software was utilized. The results suggest that Tehran residents’ way of spending leisure time is under the influence of globalization. It is moving away from Iranian- Islamic style and going towards modern Western style.

The current study is aimed at examining the impact of assertiveness training on the social maturity and assertiveness of the first-grade high school girl students in Tehran. The Assertiveness Self-Report Inventory (Herzberger, Chan, and Katz, 1984) was administrated to 211 first-grade high school students. Thirty students whose scores on this test were lower than the median were selected as the target group and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. As an intervention program, the assertiveness training was administered to the 15 subjects of the experimental group over ten ninety-minute sessions. Rao’s Social Maturity Scale (Rao, 1973) was utilized to measure social maturity at the pre-test and post-test stages. The results of data analysis indicated a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group on assertiveness and social maturity. Thus, it can be said that assertiveness training program improves assertiveness and social maturity and assertiveness intervention models are capable of changing behavior including the behavior of female high school students.

This article is to analyze and compare women's employment policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran’s legal system with those of the international law. Hence, it delves into the performance of the ILO and the UN’s efforts in the area of women's employment and giving legal and international support to them through preparing international documents and treaties and holding international human rights conferences. It also compares the international law with the constitution and the ordinary laws of Iran and examines the general and specific policies of women’s employment, including those related to the employment of women as family breadwinners and housewives, and the impact of supplementary policymaking on changing women’s employment system. This is a descriptive-analytic study and the required data were collected from the documents on the Iranian national laws, the UN and ILO documents, books, articles, etc. The purpose of this study is to introduce general policies of women’s employment, find solutions to the internal and international issues of women’s employment and argue how appropriate and effective positions can be taken in conferences and specific international treaties on women can be concluded and signed.