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Avicenna Journal of Dental Research - Volume:8 Issue: 2, Jun 2016

Avicenna Journal of Dental Research
Volume:8 Issue: 2, Jun 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/04/05
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Gurel Pekkan* Page 1
    Context: This study aimed to provide an overview of the literature on the radiopacity of dental materials in order to emphasize its importance..
    Evidence Acquisition: English-language literature was investigated using manual and electronic searches for the terms “radiopacity,” “dental material,” “cement,” “composite,” “ceramic,” “endodontic root canal sealer,” “bone graft,” and “acrylic resin” in the databases of Medline, google scholar, and Scopus up to April 2016. Seventy-nine selected publications, including review articles, original articles, and books, were evaluated..
    Results
    The radiopacity of different dental materials may be lower or higher than that of the replaced tissue depending on the restorative material used. The research revealed that highly-radiopaque materials should not be used in dental restorations, except as bone graft and endodontic root canal filling materials. For most of the dental restorative materials, moderate radiopacity within the range of the replaced dental tissue is recommended. However, the lower radiopacity of polymer-based restorative or prosthetic dental materials is still a significant clinical problem..
    Conclusions
    The author recommends using highly-radiopaque materials whenever possible for treatment of bone defects and root canals. For dental materials that replace clinical crowns, the radiopacity should be within the range of that of the replaced tooth structure (dentin or enamel). The radiopacity of dental cements should be much higher than that of the enamel in order to facilitate detection of the thin cement remnants..
    Keywords: Radiopacity, Dental Material, Cement, Composite, Ceramic, Endodontic Root Canal Sealer, Bone Graft, Acrylic Resin
  • Narges Gholizadeh, Masoumeh Mehdipour, Esmaiil Dadgar, Ayla Bahramian*, Delaram Ebrahimpour Moghaddas Page 2
    Background
    Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common, chronic inflammatory condition, which is considered a precancerous lesion. The Ki-67 antigen is expressed in all the phases of the cellular cycle in proliferative cells. Different studies have suggested the relationship between incidences of malignancy in precancerous lesions and the occurrence of this protein..
    Objectives
    This study aimed to evaluate Ki-67 expression in erosive and non-erosive oral lichen planus..
    Materials And Methods
    Specimens (formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded) of 30 lesions of erosive OLP and 30 lesions of non-erosive OLP were referred for immunehistochemistry (IHC) analysis of Ki-67. Results of immunohistochemistry were statistically evaluated by means of the chi-square test and independent t-test. The level of statistical significance was established at P
    Results
    The mean expression of Ki-67 in patients with erosive OLP was higher than people in the control group. These differences were statistically significant (P = 0.041)..
    Conclusions
    Since Ki-67 is extensively accepted as an important biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancerous and precancerous lesions, a high degree of presence of this biomarker in chronic precancerous lesions, such as erosive OLP, can be of great use in prognosis and suggested treatments..
    Keywords: Lichen Planus, Oral, Ki67, Immunohistochemistry
  • Parviz Torkzaban, Morad Hedayatipanah* Page 3
    Background
    For the last decades, dental researchers have believed that smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal disease, affecting the prevalence, extent, and severity of disease. In addition, smoking adversely affects the clinical outcome of nonsurgical and surgical therapy. This study aims to evaluate the effects of smoking on oral health. In addition, due to the lack of studies that have simultaneously compared the periodontal condition in healthy smokers and smokers with periodontal disorders with healthy nonsmokers and nonsmokers with periodontal disorders, we assessed the periodontal condition in these four groups..
    Objectives
    Assess the periodontal condition in healthy smokers and smokers with periodontal disorders and compare these conditions with nonsmokers..
    Patients and
    Methods
    This historical cohort study included four groups: healthy smokers, smokers with periodontal disorders, healthy nonsmokers and nonsmokers with periodontal disorders. Each group consisted of 20 men with an age range of 20 - 30 years, according to the group specifications. The parameters assessed in this study included: plaque control record (PCR), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depths, clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival color, and gingival consistency..
    Results
    There was not a significant difference in the prevalence of isolated microorganisms between the smokers and nonsmokers. However, the cigarette smoking group had adverse effect on other periodontal indices including PCR, CAL, and BOP. The Mean PCR and CAL were significantly higher in the two smoker subgroups than the nonsmokers (P
    Conclusions
    Cigarette smoking increased some periodontal indexes including PCR and CAL, and reduced BOP (P
    Keywords: Smoker, Nonsmoker, Periodontal Conditions, Plaque Control Record, Bleeding on Probing, Clinical Attachment Level, Probing Depths
  • Sanam Mirbeygi, Maryam Kazemipoor, Sahar Ghane, Simin Shafiei * Page 4
    Background
    Determination of working length has great significance in root canal treatments. For this purpose, analog radiography has been replaced by digital radiography. Despite numerous studies, there is still no accurate information about the resolution of these images..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of working length determination in root canal treatment using different algorithms in digital radiography..
    Materials And Methods
    Using an analytical-diagnostic method, an access cavity was prepared in 36 mandibular and maxillary premolar teeth. A file # 15 was inserted into the canal of each tooth until the tip of the file was observed, then the files were retracted 0.5 mm. The teeth were then placed in an acrylic block, and finally, a radiograph was taken of the blocks. Thereafter, the file in each canal was taken out and measured using a digital caliper. The obtained measurement was the real length of the file. The saved images underwent modifications using different algorithms of image processing. The working length was observed on a monitor under standard conditions. Data were analyzed by t- test using SPSS (ver. 17)..
    Results
    Based on the findings of this study, no significant difference was observed between the main image, the images processed with the emboss, enhancement, sharpen, and negative algorithms, and the actual file size regarding the means of error. None of the indices had a statistically significant difference with the actual file length (P > 0.05)..
    Conclusions
    According to the results of this study, the accuracy of the file length in improved digital images showed no significant difference in comparison with the actual file length..
    Keywords: Radiography, Dental, Digital, Root Canal Therapy
  • Farrokh Farhadi, Seyed Sina Mirinezhad, Ali Zarandi * Page 5
    Background
    The distinction between radicular cysts and apical granulomas is important in treatment decision..
    Objectives
    The current study aimed to differentiate these two lesions based on radiography images..
    Patients and
    Methods
    The material consisted of 138 radiographs obtained using Kodak E -speed, in patients aged 29 to 47, divided into two groups: 109 granulomas and 29 radicular cysts. Size of radiography images was measured; the tooth then was extracted and examined in pathologist lab. The results were analyzed by SPSS.15 and ROC curve was created to find cut-off point to differentiate periapical granuloma and radicular cysts..
    Results
    Average size of radiography in periapical granuloma was 7.4 mm and for a radicular cyst was 11.1 mm. Cut-off point was 8.2 mm and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.63. Also, the tests were 83% sensitive and 79% specific..
    Conclusions
    Based on 8.2 mm cut-off point could differentiate 83% periapical granulomas and 79% radicular cysts from radiography images..
    Keywords: Periapical Granuloma, Radicular Cyst, Radiography
  • Sepideh Seyedzadeh Sabounchi, Parviz Torkzaban, Shabnam Seyedzadeh Sabounchi *, Reza Ahmadi Page 6
    Background
    There are a variety of risk factors that can influence the initiation, continuance, and treatment of periodontal diseases..
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of oral health behavior-related factors on the periodontium..
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 130 participants were included in the study. After completing questionnaires regarding their basic information (age, gender, height, and weight), lifestyle, knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene behaviors, they were clinically examined for BOP, CPI and SOHI indices. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software with t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation coefficients..
    Results
    In total, 50.8% of participants had CPI 2, and the average of SOHI was 1.97 ± 0.7 (fair to poor). Among lifestyle variables, smoking and physical activity each had a significant relationship with periodontal health (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.001, respectively). There were also significant relationships between knowledge, attitude, and CPI and SOHI scores (P = 0.0001). BMI also had a significant relationship with CPI (P = 0.04) and SOHI (P = 0.03) scores..
    Conclusions
    Oral health behavior-related factors can influence patients’ periodontal status and oral hygiene levels..
    Keywords: Oral Health, Periodontal Index, Oral Hygiene Index, Lifestyle
  • Seyed Hossein Tabatabaei, Najmeh Jafari*, Mahmood Akhavan Tafti, Ali Tavakoli Hosseini Page 7
    Background
    Estrogen as a steroid hormone plays a role in the differentiation and growth of various tissues, such as the breast, endometrium, colon, and prostate, as well as their cancers. The literature offers different and partly contradictory findings concerning the investigations of estrogen receptor (ER) expression in salivary gland tumors..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of ER in two main types of malignant salivary gland tumors, namely adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), in an Iranian population using immunohistochemical techniques..
    Patients and
    Methods
    After reviewing the patients’ records in the departments of pathology in some hospitals in the city of Yazd covering all native and southern-region patients, out of all malignant salivary glands tumors, 40 specimens were retrieved. These included 24 ACCs and 16 MECs. Following the preparation of 4 μm sections and the deparaffinization and dehydration steps, the immunohistochemical process was conducted using the antibody against estrogen receptor α (Clone1D5, DAKO, Denmark). The prepared slides were then observed under a light microscope, and the stained nuclei were counted. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17 and the generalized Fisher exact test..
    Results
    For ACC, only one specimen expressed the ER, and this was assessed as moderate. No specimens of MEC expressed the ER. The comparison of ER expression between the two groups was not meaningful (P = 0.99)..
    Conclusions
    Regarding the findings of this study, it can be concluded that ERα possibly cannot play an important role in the tumorigenesis and prognosis of the investigated malignant salivary gland tumors..
    Keywords: Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic, Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid, Receptors, Estrogen, Immunohistochemistry
  • Mahnaz Sheikhi, Mohammad Hasan Samandari, Mitra Karbasi Kheir*, Amir Hosein Moaddabi Page 8
    Introduction
    Multiple dentigerous cysts are rare and mostly associated with syndromes..
    Case Presentation
    The present case report is unique, as the dentigerous cysts enclosed the lateral incisor, canine, first and second premolars of the mandible and were accompanied by a complex odontoma, instead of first mandibular molar..
    Conclusions
    Multiple unilateral nosyndromic dentigerous cysts with complex odontoma are found only rarely. The periapical inflammation of non-vital deciduous teeth and trauma may be considered ethiological factors..
    Keywords: Dentigerous Cyst, Complex Odontoma, Teeth