نشریه تاکسونومی و بیوسیستماتیک
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 30، بهار 1396)

This study is concerned with the morphological cladistic analysis of monotypic tribe Bromeae including the genus Bromus. To characterize taxonomic circumscription of the genus, its species and sectional relationships of 39 taxa belonging to 6 sections and 2 outgroups were evaluated. Based on the heuristic search for 26 morphologhical informative characters, Maximum Parsimony approach was used for phylogenetic analyses The data matrix was analyzed by reweighting characters method, rescaled consistency index and retention index. The results obviously indicate the monophyly of the genus Bromus and taxonomic circumscription of its sections but phylognetic relationships of many of the species within each section remain unresolved. The monotypic sect. Nevskiella (lemmas short, 3.5-5 mm long and awns 3-5 times the length of lemmas) is clearly separated from other sections of the genus Bromus. Old world taxa of the perennial sect. Pnigma are more closely related to sect. Ceratochloa. The annual sects. Genea (spikelets cuneiform, broader at top) and Bromus (spikelets ovate, elliptic or lanceolate tapering towards top, lemmas with 1-5(6) awns) are monophyletic. The present cladistic analysis confirms the incorporation of the genus Boissiera (lemmas with 7-9 awns) into the genus Bromus.

Floristic survey of Podol, Lemazan, Bedoo mountain (located in 90 km eastern of Bandar Lengheh, Hormozgan province), with about 45000 hectars area and maximum elevation of 1150 meters above the sea level, and 133.7 milimeter annual precipitation, was the main goal of the present work. The collected specimens were identified using taxonomic methods. List of plant species, life forms, chorotypes and their medicinal values were presented. The results showed that 156 plant species belonging to 130 genera and 43 families of vascular plants grow in the area. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Brassicaceae with 23, 16, 10, 9 and 8 species are the largest families, and Salvia, Astragalus, Heliotropium and Plantago with 5, 4, 4, 4 and 3 species are the largest genera in the region, respectively. The life forms frequency were 39.1% Therophytes, 24.36% Chamaephytes, 22.44% Hemicryptophytes, 12.18% Phanerophytes and 1.92% Cryptophytes, indicating the sever climate conditions in the region. Also, 35.89% of species are Saharo-Syndian and Irano-Turanian, 30.77% are Saharo-Syndian. Furthermore, 12 endemic species and 64 medicinal species are inhabitate in this region, indicating the importance of flora and vegetation of the studies area.

Rhinopoma muscatellum Thomas, 1903 is one of the six mouse-tailed bats (Rhinopomatidae) that traditionally was considered as one of the most ancient chiropteran. R. muscatellum has been reported from Oman, India, Iran, Yemen, Afghanistan, and Pakistan so far. This taxon is widely distribution from south to west and east in Iran. This species is as an extremely frequent bat in the southern part of Iran that reported at least from 52 localities. The taxonomic status of R. muscatellum species in Iran is unclear, as different researchers have reported either one or two subspecies. In the current study using morphological data including nine external and 34 craniodental characters in 190 specimens from 20 caves, the taxonomic status of this species is reviewed. Morphological analysis was done with univariate and multivariate statistical methods in SPSS and PAST Softwares. Our results did not show statistical significant delimitation between male and females. Also, didn’t reveal any considerable differences between populations. Our findings indicated that all the Iranian specimens of R. muscatellum belong to one subspecies. Therefore, we suggest that R. m. muscatellum Thomas, 1903 and R. m. seianum Thomas, 1913 should be synonymized as the same subspecies, with the name R. m. muscatellum.

Bees are the major pollinators of angiosperms (flowering plants) in most ecosystems. Halictidae is second most diverse bee family in the world that pollinates rangeland plants, field crops, fodder and some horticultural plants. Regarding the importance of bees on pollination of flowering plants, collecting of the bees was conducted in Gorgan County (Golestan province, Iran) during flowering seasons in 2014-2015. Because of daylight activity, all bees were collected by sweep nets while they were searching for nectar and pollen. The halictid bee specimens were killed in glass or propylene jars containing chopped cork and ethyl acetate and then pinned. In the present study, descriptions of 21 halictid bee species belong to three subfamilies Rophitinae, Nomiinae, Halictinae, four genera Rophites, Pseudapis, Halictus, Lasioglossum and nine subgenera Rophitiodes, Nomiapis, Halictus, Hexataenites, Vestitohalictus, Seladonia, Lasioglossum, Evylaeus and Dialictus with photos of the most important characters of each species are provided for first time in Iran.

In this study, the evolutionary trend of the morphological characters of the sects. Acanthoprason and Asteroprason from the genus Allium, on the basis of nrDNA ITS sequences data, was investigated. For this purpose, 33 species include 30 species from sects. Acanthoprason and Asteroprason as in-group as well as 3 species belonging to adjacent sections as out-group were selected. For tracing patterns of character evolution, 6 vegetative and reproductive characters includes leaf morphology and its margin, tepals morphology, length and color of filament and color of anther were selected. ITS sequences of the species were assessed and phylogenetic trees were constructed by Bayesian analysis and along with list of the species and code of the characters entered to Mesquite and the respective tree was obtained. Generally, regarding to mapping morphological characters on the evolutionary tree, the characters have great homoplasy. The present analysis revealed that the most studied morphological characters were not in agreement with the results of molecular data and their role in the classification and separation of the species is uncertain.

Wetlands are one of the most important and vital ecosystems which support a wide array of unique plants adapted to wet conditions. Therefore, identification of vegetation and phytogeographical surveys in these regions is necessary. The aim of this research was plant identification, introduction to the flora, determination of life forms and geographical distribution in wetlands of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Plants were collected from different parts of the four main wetlands (Choghakhor, Gandoman, Souleghan and Aliabad) during two years and different growing seasons. The life form of plants and phytogeography classification were studied. The results showed that there were 135 plant species belonging to 36 families and 94 genera. The families like Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Asteraceae with 24, 17 and 15 species embraced higher species respectively. These families contained 41.5 percent of the total species. According to Raunkiaer’s life form, species were: 53.3% cryptophytes (72 species), 23.7% hemicryptophytes (32 species) and 23% therophytes (31 species). The chorology of species showed that 32.6 percent of species belonging to Polyregional, 21.5 percent Iran-Turanian, 18.5 percent belonged to Irano-Turanian, Europa-Siberian and Mediterranean.