فصلنامه فرهنگ مشاوره و روان درمانی
پیاپی 11 (پاییز 1391)

Generalized anxiety disorder is importance Disorder in children and adolescents. this study, was aimed to determine the prevalence of Miran anxiety differences among fifth grade students and the effectiveness of methods include internal and external selftalk on reduce of it. so for studing rate of prevalence of anxiety among students of fifth grade 2000 students (include 1000 boys &1000 girls) were selected and answered to test based on self assessment (SCARED) and emotional disorder. Results showed that the prevalence among girls % 11/08 and the boys %9/4 and there is no significant difference between the sexes in the prevalence (p <0/04).Among a total of students with generalized anxiety disorder, 96 students were randomly selected as a sample group (based on the methodology of this survey). They were placed in three groups. Then, using both its internal and external accountability eight sessions, each taught for one hour per session. The hypothesis of the study was to analyze the t-test, one-way analysis of Aryans, two-factor analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used. Results showed that external-telling was significantly more than internal-telling technique is effective in reducing anxiety (P <0/05). And both were more effective than the control group (P <0/05). in the among sex and gender groups, and Interaction Groups significant differences were not found.

The present study aims to investigate the impact of divorced mother's group training with integrative approach on their adjustment in Isfahan. The study was a semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest and control group. The statistic population comprised divorced women who were covered by Isfahan Welfare Organization in 2010. First of all, one of the Welfare Centers was randomly selected from among eight centers. The sample was 20 divorced women who had volunteered to take place in training sessions. They were randomly placed into experimental and control groups. A pretest session was next held for the experimental and control groups, in which mothers were asked to answer the demographic form and the questionnaire of Fisher's Divorce Adjustment Scale (FDAS). In the mother's group 8 sessions were held (1/5 hours two times a week) with an integrative approach. Both experimental and control groups filled out the questionnaires as posttest after the training sessions. Data was analyzed using covariance analysis. The results indicated that divorced mother's group training with an integrative approach had a significant impact on mothers’ adjustment and its subscales (feeling of self-worth, disentanglement, anger, grief, social trust, and social self-worth).

The purpose of this study was to compare the structure of families with AIDS patients and that of the healthy families. The two main hypotheses were to examine the significant difference between cohesion and flexibility of these families, and between reported cohesion and flexibility in males and females. The sample included 200 healthy families and 200 of HIV/AIDS patient’s families that were selected using cluster and available sampling procedures respectively. Participants completed FACES-IV questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were participation of at least 3 members of family. MANOVA revealed that there was significant difference between the structure of healthy families and those who have patients with HIV/AIDS. Also there was significant difference between reported cohesion and flexibility of male and female participants. there were both individual and familial factors that affect the structure of these two types of families, including the patient’s personal attitude towards the disease, the patient’s schematic concerning the disease, as well as the behavioral factors of the patient. The familial factors include the stigma concerning HIV/AIDS, the care and treatment by the family for the patient, and other reactions by the family towards factors such as stigma.

The present research was conducted to investigate the level of ego impairment in parents with schizophrenic children and compare it with that of parents with normal children using Rorschach ego impairment index. ten parents (father or mother) with schizophrenic children were selected using sampling methods, and were compared with ten parents of normal children who were similarly selected using sampling methods. Once the subjects were selected, Rorschach test was implemented on parents in both groups, and after the participants’ protocols were coded, the Rorschach ego impairment index, and the grade for each subject was calculated in the index. The results were analyzed using t-test for significance of the difference between independent means. findings indicate that the level of ego impairment in parents with schizophrenic children is significantly higher than that in parents with normal children. findings suggest that parents suffer impairment in functions relating their ego. Ego impairment causes inefficient cognitive and behavioral pattern.

This study aims at detecting the early maladaptive schemas of depressed persons and assigning the effect of training and implementation of experiential techniques on depressed persons’ schemas. In this study, random cluster sampling was used and depression subscale, from 21-question-scale of depression, anxiety and stress (DASS_21), was implemented to assign 30 depressed persons and 30 other persons who were not detected as depressed; Young early maladaptive schemas Questionnaire (YSQ) was then applied to both groups and T-test was implemented in order to compare both schemas. The results showed that the depressed persons’ schemas of deficit, failure, dependence/incompetence, social isolation and emotional deprivation were higher than those of persons who were not depressed. At the second stage of this study, two groups were selected from depressed persons including a controlling group (10 persons) and a test group (10 persons). The test group was trained with the experiential techniques of schema therapy. Using Young questionnaire, the schemas of two groups were reanalyzed after the completion of the training period. The produced data was then compared through the application of Levin Test and covariance analysis; the results revealed that the schemas of the test group were improved in comparison to those of controlling group who were not subjected to the training of experiential techniques.

Since little research, in Iran, has been carried out into the relationship between implicit and explicit memories and linguistic issues, the present research seeks to study the information-processing trend with regard to the vocabulary related to food, body style, and body organs in ordinary and obese female subjects. To achieve such a goal, ten women suffering from severe obesity, ten obese, and ten normal women were studied using implicit/explicit memory tasks. In memory tasks, the vocabulary related to food, body style, and body organs was used. The results showed bias in regards to the implicit memory. The subjects with severe obesity were more successful in completing word stems related to food. The obese women performed better on the vocabulary related to food and body style. Showing the same bias to different types of words, the normal group displayed no special tendency. The explicit memory task revealed no bias in any certain group.

The main purpose of this research was to predict the mental health of school students based on life skills. For this purpose, 800 students in the city of Semnan were selected by stratified random sampling method. Then, Life Skills and Mental Health (including 28 items) questionnaires were administered on them. The results indicated that there is a significant negative relationship between the awareness of life skills and mental health. Also the results of stepwise regression analysis showed that in the first step the variable of emotions control entered into the regression equation and explained 26 percent of mental health variance. Thereupon, coping with stress, self-awareness, decision and empathy skills, respectively proved a significant role in the prediction of mental health. Generally, these variables predicted 37 percent of mental health changes. Results indicate the important role of life skills in preventing disorders and offer practical implications for the authorities in charge and policy makers in education.