فصلنامه مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی
پیاپی 7 (تابستان 1391)

Increased prevalence in Methamphetamine Abuse and effective treatment of addiction to this substance is one of major problems for clinisians of this domain.Abjectives: The aim of the study consisted of evaluating effectiveness of cognitive- behavior therapy on relapse rate, craving, attitude and self-restraint Addicts in Methamphetamine abuse treatment. in this research 36 patients diagnosed as suffering Methamphetamine dependence (according to DSM-IV- TR criteria) were randomly divided into 2 groups of 18, one as experimental group and the other as control group. Members of experimental group were undergone individual therapy for 12 sessions. They completed Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID II), Attitute change test, daily report form of craving and relapse rate before initiation of therapy, in 6th and 12th session and 90 days after termination of the therapy. Control group received no CBT during the study. Data collected were analysed by analysis of variance with repeated measures & dependent t test. There is statistical significant diference between means of two groups in all stages of therapy. In follow-up stage experimental group (CBT treated) show higher abstinance, lower craving and relapse and attitude change to methamphetamine. Hypthoses of research accepted. The results revealed that cognitive- behavioural therapy was effective in reducing craving and relapse rate, increasing abstinanse & changing attitude (mind regarding substances).Then, CBT is effective in treatment of Methamphetamine Abuse.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of collective patience training on the reduction of depression and stress symptoms caused by bereavement in bereaved mothers. The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest along with experimental and control groups. The data-gathering instruments were Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-II) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). The population of this research included the bereaved mothers who had three to twelve months of bereaved history, and their depression scores in BDI-II inventory were in range of severe depression. The sample consisted of 18 bereaved mothers who were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Then, the experimental group received 10 weekly sessions (90 minutes) of patience training. Finally, a post-test was administered after the therapy sessions for both groups. The results of the study were analyzed by independent samples t-test. The test of assumptions showed that the differences between experimental and control groups were significant in variables of depression and stress, and the intervention reduced depression and stress in bereaved mothers. The results showed that patience training is an effective therapy for reduction of depression and stress in bereaved mothers.

In recent years, experts in the field of obsessive-compulsive disorder are trying to measure and compare the validity and efficiency of psychological interventions and drug therapy. In this regard, a meta-analysis integrating results of different researches demonstrates the effect size of treatments. This study aims to study the impact of psychological interventions and drug therapy on reducing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive patients. For this purpose, 40 accepted researches were selected and meta-analysis was performed on them. Research instrument was a checklist of meta-analysis.The effect size of psychological interventions on reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms was 1/88(p ≤ 0.001) and for drug therapy 1/11 (p ≤ 0.001). According to Cohen's effect size, psychological interventions and drug therapy have a high impact on reducing symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Mental health is a multivariate concept that is related to various factors. Unfortunately, the impact of creativity on the development of mental health has been underexamined in the field of clinical therapy. The present research was designed to investigate the clinical roles of creativity in the prediction and explanation of mental health. A statistical sample of 120 male and female university students of Tehran was randomly selected through the process of multi-stage cluster sampling. Solomon's four-groups design was implemented in the study. Research tools included Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire, Sherer's General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Folkman and Lazarus's Ways of Coping Questionnaire. The data were analysed using the covariance analysis. The results of the covariance analysis showed that the activation of creativity in samples could have a significant impact on increasing mental health, self-efficacy and coping.

This study seeks to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and cluster B and C personality disorders. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2010–2011. A total number of 600 students were asked to fill the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III), 150 of which were diagnosed with personality disorder. They were asked to complete the Adult Attachment Scale, as well. Tools used for data collection included the MCMI-III and Adult Attachment Scale whose reliability and validity are significant. The findings showed no significant relationship between secure, ambivalent and avoidant attachments and cluster B personality disorder. However, a significant negative relationship existed between secure attachment and cluster C personality disorder and a significant negative relationship with avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles. Moreover, insecure attachment styles (avoidant and ambivalent) had a significant positive relationship with both cluster B and cluster C personality disorders. Regression results also showed that only ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles could predict cluster C personality disorder while none of them could predict cluster B personality disorder. The results demonstrated that there is no relationship between attachment styles and Cluster B personality disorder.

The purpose of this research is to study the family communication patterns (conversation-oriented and conformity-oriented) and stress-coping strategies (emotional-focused and problem-focused) as the predictors of dependence of 13–18 year-old male smokers and non-smokers to cigarette in Mashhad. A statistical sample of 182 male teenagers (91 smokers and 91 non-smokers) residing in Mashhad were randomly selected through the process of multistage cluster sampling from two regions (regions 2 and 5) among seven regions of Mashhad and from 14 districts in these two regions. A revised version of Koerner-Fitzpatrick Scale (1990) and Karami-Zinalkhani Scale were used to evaluate the aspects of family communication patterns and stress-coping skills (2010), respectively. In addition to descriptive statistics methods, discriminant analysis method was used for data analysis. The results confirmed all the hypotheses of the research and showed that the teenager's tendency to smoking could be predicted by studying the conversation-oriented communication pattern, conformity-oriented communication pattern, problem-focused stress-coping skills and emotional-focused stress coping skills.

This semi-experimental research is an attempt to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual-religious psychotherapy on reducing the covert anxiety level of male students residing in dormitory of Allameh Tabatabai University. Using Cattels Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, 45 students with covert anxiety were randomly placed in three groups (cognitive-behavioral therapy, spiritual-religious psychotherapy and control). Members of the first two groups collectively received therapy for two hours each week (12 sessions). At the end of the therapeutic intervention, all of the three groups were assessed again. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Result showed no significant difference between the two therapeutic methods in reducing the anxiety level while both of them were significantly effective in reducing the student's level of covert anxiety.