فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
پیاپی 7 (پاییز 1390)

This research aims to rcognize the elements affecting strategic archticture of human capital in order to creat competitive advantage. The statistical population is 100 high tech companies. So, 80 samples were chosen using stratefied random sampling. Data was gathered by quetionnaire and ducuments survey. 11 hypotheses were derivated from designed model. The hypotheses were tested by forming variance analysis. The research model was analysed using structural equations. The results are explanotary that organizations can absorb human capital to fill pivitol positions in two ways; Internal Absorption and External Absorption. Using internal absorption, idiosyncratic human capital is absorbed, and Using external absorption,Compulsory human capital is absorbed. Idiosyncratic human capital is unique for the organization and is defined with high background experiences and interanal training. Compulsary human capital is not specific to any particular organization and is difined with high education and external training. In other hand, Foundation record affects increasing knowledge and skills of human capital particularly idiosyncratic human capital. However, this effect is lower than absorption methods.

The aim of this paper is to explain the financial markets fluctuations by strategic pattern of investment behaviors, together affected by different situations. The key point is finding the strategic patterns of changes in exchange rate, interest rate and other macro-economic indicators envisage economic environment and Commanders financial markets by fluctuations. These variations will affect expectations and demands of entrepreneurs, including investors, especially two indicators, degree of expected return and risk. Changes in the expected return and the degree of risk, put investors in that position in order to achieve the expected return performance with attention to new market conditions and the degree of their acceptable risk, choose their strategies for make some changes in the combination of their portfolio and rebalanced it.Portfolio rebalancing is one of the reachable strategies could be used by investors to review their investments ploy. In this paper, with attention to portfolio rebalancing as a proper strategy to make coincidence in investor’s portfolios simultaneously, we regard the variations in expected rate of return and degree of acceptable risk, affected by market conditions inflections, thus wedesign and to develop a fuzzy linear programming model. To achieve the research strategic model, the three key components: risk, expected return and liquidity degree on equities have been used to design model and represent it.Also, consider to the importance role of transaction costs to gain the expected return in return calculating process of portfolio, we spot it in our model. In order to test the designed model, data and information of traded listed stock of Tehran exchange market, during 1384 - 1387. Then we import the different subjective satisfaction level of investors to test the model efficiency. The results show that the designed model could be use for the subjective satisfaction level of investorsabout the expected return, risk and liquidity of its portfolio, as well as possible and reach to the different strategy of portfolio rebalancing for each investor with different satisfaction level.

Increasing in numbers of vessels with more than 25 year old or out of order vessels under the flag of Iran in recent years beside current demand for ship recycling in Persian Gulf and Oman sea, highlighted the importance of this industry more than before. In order to importance and urgent of establishing Ship Recycling Industry, this article exploiting a mixed method have surveyed the attractiveness of this industry in the view of opportunities.For extraction, classification and prioritization of opportunities, after exploring of literature and compiling possible scales and classes, a sample of 35-person among middle and senior managers and Port & Sipping experts in Shipping & Port Organization in Tehran, and Ports of Shahid Rajaee,Shahid Bahonar, Chabahar, and also professionals in Iranian Ranking Co.,Shipbuilding & offshore Industries of Iran-Isoico and professors of this field,using convenience sampling were selected; data gathering has been done in two phases, using open questionnaires and interviews firstly, the scales have been extracted and a questionnaire designed, secondly, to determine opportunities (T tests) and prioritization (Friedman test), the questionnaire has been distributed among the sample; seven categories for the opportunity identified included: demand for Ship Recycling, Ship Recycling Market,IMO rules, Biological Environment, Labor, Geographical Position and others, finally it has been appeared that Labor is the most important opportunity for establishing this industry in Iran that albeit the subcategories of this Factor owned the most importance among other factors.

Previous studies strongly emphasize the importance of High-Tech SMEs in progress of economics as well as their devotion to delivering innovative products; however, their marketing is hindered by many constraints such as the lack of marketing knowledge and skill which leads to the failure of most of these companies. Innovative Marketing is the way high-tech SMEs cope with marketing deficiencies and challenges. The purpose of this paper is to identify Innovative Marketing constituents in High-Tech SMEs of Tehran province.Analysis of deep Interview sessions with sales and/or marketing managers of 10 High-Tech SMEs through qualitative content analysis of elements indicate that Innovative Marketing in High-Tech SMEs is made up of 8 elements, 21 sub-elements and 55 items. These elements include Marketing Variables, Customer Focus, Market Focus,Modification, Integrated Marketing, Unique Status, Positive Image and Networking. Although some elements are similar to previous researches, their constituent sub-elements are totally different.Moreover, Positive Image and Networking elements are contribution of this paper and new to the literature of innovative marketing.

Along with the quick increasing of global changes and transition from traditional to informational society, attention to new strategies to optimal use from opportunities and new values, has created changes in banking system. Now adays interst to entrepreneurial orientation is considered as one of the new strategies in organizations. Therefore,the identification of the position of entrepreneurial orientation in a way that concerning those issues along with the enforcement of innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, the preparation of conditions entrepreneurship process can be prepared by banks. Purposely this paper focuses on the study of entrepreneurial orientation model and introduce to banking industry managers for entrepreneurial orientation development. By using random sampling,1200 persons have been selected for study and return to 284-questioner analysis using SPSS and Lisrel softwares. The related result indicates that the strategy of entrepreneurial orientation,Organizational and cultural factors, top management support is suitable. In ither hand organizational conflict, inappropriate reward system, economic, political, values circumstance is unsuitable.

Successful companies and organizations in the twenty-first century understood the importance of intangible assets as an important resource to achieve sustainable competitive advantages and stable presence in international markets. Accordingly, the present paper try to assess the status of this resource, ranking them and finally examining the relationship between intangible assets and the type of export and export intensity. The study population contains all exporters of Yazd province from 1380 to 1388. Based on research results, intangible assets in the export community in Yazd province, including human, organizational,relational, reputation and technological capitals have not proper situation. According to intangible assets ranking with TOPSIS technique, human,relational, technological, reputation and organizational capital stand the first to fifth place respectively. Research findings show significant difference between permanent presence in international market and the level of intangible resources, so the average of intangible resources in companies with permanent export is more than the average of intangible resources in companies with case export. Also there is no significant difference between intangible resources and the export intensity.

The absence of strategic thinking among senior managers of institutions and organizations has deprived them to benefit from new chances; so, for managers, equipping to strategic capabilities is necessary and vital. However, this survey wants to study the impression of strategic thinking capability to the success of small and middle corporations in East Azerbaijan province in Iran. This research purposely is an applied type and is based on research report. The questions of this research are based on researches about strategic thinking of managers and they are based on five factors. The period time for evaluating the success of sale increasing index is three continual years. The reliability of the questionnaire using cronbach`s alpha 0.736. The information collected by the questionnaire is analyzed with SPSS software. The methodology of analyzing the data is inferential statistics using line regression and wants to study the impression of strategic thinking of senior managers to the success of small and middle corporations in East Azerbaijan province. After studying the conclusion is: the capability of strategic thinking of senior managers to the success of small and middle corporations is effective.