نشریه علامه
پیاپی 53 (تابستان 1397)

Discover the secrets of the universe and his understanding of the facts, has been one of the wonders of creation which has been and continues to surprise people, people look at this issue differently. Mystical experience and understand the invisible threads in the material world, which the human world of meaning and learning takes place, category charming and sweet, and at the same time, it is possible and feasible even in the waking state. In mystical experience which the defined below religious experience, Seeker with a tolerance of legitimate public issue austerity, intuition is and can you understand the truth of the facts and the facts of the universe. In this paper, an overview of the Demonstrability and analytical approach to the subject of mystical experience, we tried to achieve comprehensive definition of mystical experience, the reality of this experience and the qualities and characteristics that have been mentioned. Also tried to provide example, firstly to express the reality of this experience, and secondly, it is common to observe if the appropriate circumstances, prove, Finally with the final model, thus proving the truth of mystical experience [beyond the fact] was.

Theology is the most important religious issue and can be examined from a variety of dimensions. The main theme of religious teachings, especially the religion of Islam, is God. The human ability to think in one direction, And the nature of God's humanity in the other direction, It is judged that most people are Godhead. But the reality is something else. What causes God to be perceived as inanimate? Islamic scholars have always emphasized the difficulty of understanding human beings from God, And they have made this point with various statements. "Easy to abstain from theology", "The ease and simplicity of theology" And "the despair of God" Topics that have been raised by some Islamic scholars. This article cites some scholars' interpretations of the difficulty and ease of theology And evaluated them. It seems that the difficulty of theology is not a reason to deny God; Because the difficulty of God is relative. One of the most important innovations in the present article is to explain the differences in the views. These views are in terms of knowledge, either in person or both As well as to the various levels of theology for the public or properties, There are significant differences between them.

John Hick believes in religious pluralism. He believes that the plurality of religions is obvious and undeniable. He tries to explain this plurality. Hick believes that all religions are fairly equally spaced, and the claims of all religions are true, and the supporters of all religions are to be saved and salvaged. In his view, we have not just one right, but we have many rights. In other words, Hick believes in the truthfullness pluralism. To illustrate the issue of multiplicity of religions, he uses the Kantism distinction between noumenon and phenomene, and Wittgenstein's See theory. All religions are reactions to the ultimate truth. Various religions, even if they have different responses and reactions to the divine reality, can all contribute to the salvation, or perfection of their followers. The essence of religion is the transformation of human personality from self-centered to God, and in all religions, the important thing is that man turned to God. In contrast, Professor Motahhari believes that all religions have the right, but each in their own time. There is a right religion at any time. He believes that the multiplicity of religions is due to the lack of maturity and intellectual development of man, but believes that at the time of the revelation of the Qur'an, man had reached a level that could maintain his holy book. Our goal in this article is to answer some of the following questions: What are the benefits of religions to the truth? What is the basis of the validity of religions from the perspective of these two thinkers? What is the multitude of religions? What is the philosophical basis of the theory of multiplicity of religions ?

In the Transcendent Wisdom of Sadr al-Din Originality of existence means imitation of being, While Imam Khomeini has a phrase entitled "Originality of Existence and the imitation of Quiddity " has been suggested as the approach of reconciliation and the discourse of transcendental wisdom and mysticism. In order to introduce the dialectic of thoughts and comparing the results of these two intellectual structure, the terminological considerations are especially considered in common concepts. For the reason that sometimes a term is used in two contexts of thought, while meaning and refrential are different in each other.The terms of existence, Quiddity, originality are shared in each of the two areas of philosophy and mysticism but its meaning and its application in each, have a different form So that in the realm of authenticity, sometimes the two sides of the comparison (Existence - Quiddity, Creator - creature and the divine names - Scientific Prophecies) differ.

In the course of the evolution of the history of the word and the difference, we face two different approaches; on the basis of the book of Allah, according to the level of understanding of the Qur'an, they have provided interpretations in the name of Islamic beliefs, and a group based on the hadith of Thaqalain, the Book of God and The true translators of the Book of God, the teachings of religion and Islamic theology. Although the first approach is to create a difference in Islam, the culmination of the formation of sects is when non-religious beliefs and beliefs entered among the Muslims, which provided the basis for divorce and divisi on in this divine religion. The Abbasid caliphs, especiallyMa'moun, provided the translation of the Greek philosophical books and the Indian and Iranian mysticism, providing a space for witnessing the confusion of religious teachings with the philosophical and mystical teachings of various sects and ideologies in the name of Islam.

Unity and plurality are important philosophical issues that have impact on other philosophical rules. Unity and plurality link profoundly with existence And quiddity. Unity is coextensive with existence. Most of philosophers including Mulla sadra classify existence and Unity among secondary intelligibles and quiddity among primary intelligibles. Considering that primary intelligible has referent in external world and the understanding of the secondary intelligibles based on primary intelligible, It must be said the result of the belief of Mulla sadra is that we form and constitute existence concept based on quiddity and And this point is incompatible with other rules of transcendent philosophy. By criticizing the famous philosophers' view, this paper thinks that existence and quiddity are primary intelligibles and quiddity and plurality are secondary intelligibles. By criticizing the famous philosophers' view, this paper thinks that existence and quiddity are primary intelligibles and quiddity and plurality are secondary intelligibles.