مجله بررسی های حسابداری
پیاپی 13 (زمستان 1395)

Manipulation of earnings by managers is one way to achieve the expected earning and manager’s compensation is one of the most incentives to do it. Institutional shareholders are one of the most effective observers of financial performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between compensation incentives of the managrmrnt board and earnings management with regard to institutional investors of firms listed on TSE. Following a descriptive and applied method and using the systematic sampling, 191 firms were selected as a final sample during 1387-1393 which in general 1337 firm-years observations were considered in analysis of the study hypotheses. To survey the relationship between the variables, multivariable regression was used by OLS approach. Also, in order to analyze the data we used Excel and Eviews and to test the hypotheses we used Panel Data approach. The results show that short- and long-term incentive-based compensations with regard to institutional shareholders have a negative relationship with discretionary current and non-current accruals respectively. Also, results indicate that existence of institutional shareholders is effective in relationship between short- and long-term incentive-based compensations and earnings management.

This study examines the relationship between Industry competition structure, market power, firm excessive and stock price crash risk of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2006-2013. For this purpose, 120 companies were selected. To test the research hypotheses statistical software Eviews 7 combined data is used. This study is descriptive and correlational where data analysis is performed using multiple regression. The results show that there is a significantly negative relationship between industry competition and stock price crash risk Also the results showed that there is a significantly positive relationship between market power and firm excessive stock price crash risk. Finally, our results indicate that firm excessive crash risk plays a moderating role on the relationship between market power and the stock price crash risk. In this sense, the power of the market, stock price crash risk increases for big companies, but for small businesses, strong market power helps to reduce stock price crash risk.

Today, to provide maximum requirements for achieving the goals and strategies organizations must not only identify, measure and manage their intangible assets but they must also always try to improve and upgrade these assets. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and performance of small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) in Kerman. The population consists of managers of small and medium-sized companies and the data was collected by means of a questionnaire. Further, for accurate diagnosis of each item, the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was administered for a variable with a specified theoretical distribution. The result of the study show that the variables of intellection capital including human capital, customer capital and innovation capacity are significant on performance of small and medium-size companies in Kerman. A further finding shows that the variable of capital structure with the variable of business does not have a significant relationship. Also, the variable of innovation has the highest effect on performance of small and medium-sized companies in Kerman. Moreover, human capital had the lowest effect on business performance.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the real benefit of the information content of earnings management in firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The real benefit of the two criteria for measuring the management and production of abnormal discretionary expense is unusual. The regression model was tested using panel data with fixed effects. The results indicated that the information content of interest in the institutions with real earnings management (REM) is significantly lower. the current study play a role in the literature that is related to the consequences of real benefit and how stock prices are at record profits.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of conditional and unconditional conservatism on earnings’ quality in IRAN stock market. For this purpose, a sample consisting of 112 companies during the period of 2001 to 2014 was selected. To test the research hypotheses, extension Basu model has been used. In this model, conditional conservatism is measured using the Basu’s asymmetric timeliness measure; cash flow from operation to net income ratio (CFO/NI) was used as a proxy of earnings quality, and the market to book ratio (MTB) was used to measure the unconditional conservatism. The methodology of this study is correlational and multiple regression analysis was used for the panel data. The findings indicate that conditional conservatism has no effect on earnings quality, whereas there is a positive and significant relationship between unconditional conservatism and earnings quality.

The impact of intangible assets on the information provided by the firms is gradually becoming a major issue and the development of knowledge management and intellectual assets has increased this importance. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relevance of intangible assets during the period before and after the implementation of Accounting Standard No. 17. In this research, first intangible assets relevance has been investigated and then, the relevance of these assets is examined during each of the stages of firms life, and finally, utilizing correlation analysis, multivariate regressions and Wald test the hypotheses are examined based on Ohlson model (1995). The analysis of 25 firms during the period of 2001 to 2014 show that there is a positive and significant relationship between book value of firm, abnormal earning and book value of intangible assets with the equity market value. Also The results show the relevance of intangible assets in a pre-standard implementation of most of the period after that.