مجله بررسی های حسابداری
پیاپی 4 (پاییز 1393)

The main goal of this research is to study the effect of firm characteristics on financial reporting quality of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. The 120 active companies in Tehran stock exchange from 1382 to 1391 were selected as samples of the study, using a systematic deletion sampling model. Variable relations were studied by Pierson regression coefficient. For the model estimation from the panel data, first we used Lamer and Hussmann F- test in order to choose the best model among breadboard data, fixed effects and random effects. In this study, the effects of seven factors in 3 formats, structural (firm size and leverage) monitoring (Board composition and institutional shareholding) and performance (Profitability, Liquidity and firm growth) were studied. The results of this study indicated that firm size, profitability, liquidity and firm growth have positive and significant associations with financial reporting quality and leverage, and Board composition variables have negative and significant associations with financial reporting quality. The remaining variable, institutional hareholding, showed no significant association with the dependent variable of the study.

This study examines the factors that influence the ranking of companies in Tehran Stock Exchange in terms of timeliness of audit report. The statistical population included all listed firms in the Tehran Stock Exchange. 92 companies were selected using a systematic elimination approach. SPSS and Eviews software were used for data analysis. Before testing the hypotheses, using the Lymr test, we identified synthesis and panel testing on data. The results of this test indicated that the data should be panel data to enter the software. The Hausman test then used to identify random or fixed method for testing the hypotheses. Univariate regression test results showed that from the independent variables, only firm size increased the time in the audit report and other variables (leverage, Asset returns, audit reports, audit firm type, the percentage of institutional ownership of stock, type of business and type of industry leverage, Asset returns, audit reports, audit firm type, the percentage of institutional ownership of stock, type of business and type of industry) in term of timeliness of audit reports, had no significant impact on Rating Companies.

The aim of this study is to investigate the audit firm size and auditor's opinion on stock price crashes of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, two hypotheses were developed and data on 99 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the two period of 1384 to 1392 were analyzed. This regression model was investigated and tested using panel data with a fixed effects approach. The results showed that the qualified auditor's opinion and accounting opacity are significantly positive, and audit firm size showed a significantly negative impact on stock price crashes in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange.

This paper investigates the relationship between accounting conservatism and earning response coefficient. Conservatism leads to a gradual recognition of profits. In other words, recognition of good news about earnings in a relevant period does not entirely occurr. The market reaction will lead to unexpected changes in earnings. Stock price changes, due to unexpected changes, are shown by earning response coefficient. Thus, by applying conservatism, the increase occurring in profit in each period will be lowered and take a continuous mode. In this paper, two measures of conservatism, Givoly and Hayn (2000) and Khan and Watts (2008), have been used. The results indicate positive earnings response coefficients. That is, the market reacts to the unexpected earnings, but with conservatism, the earnings response coefficients will be declined. Based on the research findings, there is a negative relationship between the two criteria of conservatism and earnings response coefficients and this relationship is statistically significant.

The lower the deviation of earnings forecast by the managers than the earnings realized, the more the shareholders trust will be. Managers may do opportunistic behaviors for reduction of the diversion of earnings or they may use the company's internal information for their interests. The purpose of this research was investigating the role of opportunistic behavior of managers in errors of earning forecast. The opportunistic behavior of managers includes the earnings management and their stock trading. Earnings management is targeted intervention at changes in income and is measured by Kothari model. Data are analyzed using a sample of 110 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1386-1392 by using of the Panel Data system and Random Effect Model. The results showed that the earnings management and Earnings Forecasts Errors have a significant negative relationship. Also, Earnings forecasts errors on the sale of shares by managers, increased and Earnings Forecasts Errors at the time of purchase of shares by directors, declined. That is, managers with knowledge of the earnings forecast deviation buy and sell their stocks.

This study examines the relationship between information content in quarterly earnings announcement of Tehran Stock Exchange with firm’s product market competition in the presence of factors such as firm size, leverage and future growth opportunity in different industries. For this purpose, data of Stock Exchange for the period 1387-1391 were gathered. We used regression for examining synthetic data. Results show that quarterly earnings announcement and information content have a positive relation with product market competition. Examination of other variables also showed that these variables have no relationship with information content in quarterly earnings announcement.