Journal Of Tourism And Hospitality Research
Volume:3 Issue: 2, Autumn2014

Silk Road is ever known as the longest, most important, oldest and most mysterious gateways in the world. This way was started from the East of Xi'an or Chang'an in China with a distance of about 8000 was ended to the Mediterranean Sea in the West that it had a distance of about 10,000 km with its sub-sectors. In thousands of years the Silk Road has linked the around of the world and people together and the nations that located on the Silk Road routes have been influenced or affected from the developments. The road is the axis of the oldest cultural, scientific, religious and trade between East and West and it was one of the most important factors influencing the relationship between different nations, development and expansion of Islamic and Iranian culture. The powerful emergence of expansion of Islam and its expansion and development in the interconnected with global business, culture of different nations and different sciences could explain the role and importance of itself among the other religions as well. It was found in used analytical methodology that by vivifying of the Silk Road and the necessary interactions and principled planning such as taking advantage of the tourist attractions and potentials of urban and rural geographical, historical, religious, scientific, cultural and archeological it will be emerged the inextricable links between Islamic nations. Such a conclusion would be that the Silk Road have had a large part of our Islamic homeland in their towns, however, if this huge area is vivified it can establish an unbreakable nexus among Muslim people in attracting and developing Islamic nations and scenic and pilgrimage tourists by numerous tourist attractions in its path and the tourist attractions of towns and villages become visible more than before and placed in the path of development.

After industrial revolution and transformation of status quo in human living, the necessities and objectivities have been more decreased or increased the same as travel. Since 18th century, the necessity and importance of travel has been promoted such that it turned to an industry. By the time, tourism industry shined and justified economically such that the transportation industry obtained most profitable rank after oil industry. In Persian gulf and its islands, there are various tourism attractions including oil and gas reservoirs, types of fish and shrimp, and edible and industrial aquatics, prey and fishing, islands as the center of reproduction of tortoises, Mangrove forests, coexistence of deer and sea birds in Khark island and sand and cleft coasts that can attract thousands of tourists annually. This paper aims to study Hormoz Island where by its geographical landscape, various minerals, cleft coasts, sea caves and some historical monuments like Hormoz castle can attract hundreds of tourists. According to such capabilities, by providing the bed for nourishing the tourism capabilities and providing investment opportunities, one can promote the economic situation of island and develop tourism industry in islands of Persian Gulf and consequently by developing tourism industry could be attained sustainable development of Persian Gulf Islands. This study aims to investigate potentials of Hormoz Island in the field of tourism development and provide executive alternatives for improving this industry.

Considering expansion and improvement of information technology and communication, the modern world has entered a new stage called global village. It has caused millions of tourists visiting cultural-historical, social, and eco-tourist places every year. Among these places, Shiraz for having strong tourism potentials; like: Hafeziye, Sa’diye, Zand collection, Persepolis, succulent gardens, etc.; has been in a unique and worthwhile position. So this city as one of the important points welcomes a lot of tourists from various countries around the world. This study has been done through survey. There must be enough tourism facilities such as: staying, reception, and infrastructure facilities; like: parking, etc. to attract tourists, and the hypothesis of this study was that the tourism facilities in Shiraz were not enough and responsive to a lot of tourists visiting the city in Nowruz holiday and did not provide their satisfaction. Parking shortage, lack of appropriate guidance, lack of proper supervision and control on the functions of centers specialized for reception-infrastructure either from hygiene aspects, or quality and expenses were the most important problems with the local tourists.

Tourism as one of the most important avenues of economic and cultural development in the world counts. Unfortunately, in our country still has not gained its rightful place. In this paper, the role that tourism nomadic entrepreneurship and employment opportunities have been examined. In fact, tribal tourism as one of the branches of the tourism industry has attractions are many. Lifestyle, clothing, food, culture, crafts, special events and attractions include life .... nomadic tribes for developing tourism and to create employment and entrepreneurship is considered. this is important not only to achieve, could be untapped potential and attractions and spectacular nature, take optimal use. The research method is documentary and library and in the case of books, magazines and research on issues related to it are used.

Today¡ tourism is the most dynamic economic activities of our time¡ in terms of mobility and employment creation and overall development in the world's grandstanding And by making strategic opportunity due to economic diversification of local communities¡ creating job opportunities around the world The stability of societies and the prevention of irregular migration¡ preserving natural resources and maintaining ecological balance cultural characteristics of cities. Accordingly¡ it can be said that one of the best ways to save cities from the social and economic problems¡ urban tourism development.One of the problems of the tourism in Iran¡ including Isfahan¡ is the imbalance in spatial organization and lack of hierarchy based on the interaction between tourism areas.Leveling of tourism infrastructure in different areas of a city and a balanced distribution of infrastructure and moderating inequality in different areas are of the important tourism development actions. The aim of this study is to level 15 districts in Isfahan regarding Urban tourism infrastructure¡ and HDI model is used to analyze it. The research is descriptive-analytic. For data collection¡ statistics of Isfahan¡ Related organizations was used The results showed that the two¡ three¡ five¡ seven¡ eight¡ nine¡ ten¡ eleven¡ twelve¡ thirteen¡ fourteen and fifteen with the level of development of disadvantaged areas one¡ four and six has a medium level of development orientation.

Cultural tourism is one of the very important types of tourism in the contemporary world and plays crucial role in reducing poverty in remote and underserved areas where have a rich cultural and immaterial resources, such as customs and folklore. Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, with a spiritual heritage registered in the national index, has the potential to develop Events tourism. The aim of this study is to investigate, develop, and offer strategies that promote cultural development in line with the development of Events tourism.
In this study, by using SWOT strategic planning, determination of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Events Tourism and offering strategies for the development of this branch of tourism to cultural development Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province was performed. This study is applied and descriptive- analytical. Data were collected in library and field methodusing questionnaires.
Sample population was selected at two levels: managers, assistants, experts and employees of the Department of Tourism and Cultural Department of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province and academic experts in the field of tourism. Discussion and findings: Studies indicate that Events tourism in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, respectively, is under the influence of weaknesses, threats, opportunities and strengths.
The most appropriate strategy to develop Events tourism in the cultural development of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province are offensive strategies.

Tourism is one of the new industries that employs vast groups of women and is considered as one of the development tools in different regions. According to the UNWTO, this industry has a feminine nature and women consist a significant part of its employees. As a result, it is rather important to find out their working problems and solve them in order to help women and also get developed. In the current study, the issues related to women's employment in the tourism industry of Iran were explored by interviewing tourism experts and activists and the data from the interviews was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. These issues were categorized into four main groups, including: Reasons, opportunities, challenges and solutions for women's employment in the tourism industry of Iran.

From the beginning of creation, human has considered to the move and travel. Getting food, water, security were basic human motivations for mobility and travel, but after the provision of basic human needs, thoughts of traveling for fun, enjoyment and discovering new places have begun. At the present time factors such as population growth, increasing urbanization and the problems of urban life, growth and development of communications and technology and transportation, as well as rising incomes and increased leisure time, all have provided the context to travel and tourism for the people. Transportation system has been one of the most basic economic infrastructures and in other words it is a connecting main factor of different economic parts. The power of transfer of various economic factors with maximum efficiency and effectiveness is an excellent goal which is hidden at the heart of such system and expresses its importance. Providing welfare services on intercity roads in the form of integrated services, welfare complex in the city of Damghan, is one of the needs that can be investigated in terms of different physical, economic, social, environmental aspects. In this regard, it has been a few years now that master plan for locating service and tourism centers in Iran and studied province has been adopted based on which nearly 500 places have been considered for the establishment of these complexes. Such complexes are constructed to provide required services to passengers, drivers and vehicles on the sidelines of road. In this way, the purpose of such complex in the city of Damghan, is a place built at the edge of the road to provide the services required by passersby. In this thesis, we look at the reasons and philosophy of the need for caravansary which was the urgent need of caravans and their people to be supported during their trip and we consider their role in transportation in their own time. The aim of this review is to achieve results such as sustainable regional development and growth and regional balance, by organizing integrated service complexes in the city of Damghan.

Tourism is one of the most important income resources of countries in the World and is considered as the second important industry of the World. If the factors affecting the level of tourism security are identified and classified well, according to the social aspect we can benefit from numerous and positive effects of tourism. In this case, social security, as one of the most sensitive and most important kinds of security, is of the fundamental elements of human lives .the main purpose of this study; is prioritizing the condition of social security of tourism indicators in Kish Island based on the indicators, so while defining the group of social security indicators which need more attention, they are recognized for policy and planning. This study is descriptive in terms of nature, and practical in terms of purpose. To reach this purpose, 10 indicators affecting social security of tourism were defined by searching books and articles and the opinion of experts. The results of the Kopras method showed that among the studied indicators ,the indicator of environmental management was first weighting 100, the indicator of management and planning was second weighting 97.82, and the indicator of social responsibility was third weighting 92.66 among social security of tourism indicators, and in other words, these indicators have the most impact on social security of tourism in Kish Island according to experts' opinion, using the Kopras method. The results of the Saw method, also, shows that the indicator of environmental management with the amount of (0.797) is first, the indicator of management and planning with the amount of (0.769) is second, and the indicator of social responsibility with the amount of (0.735) is placed third. In other words, these indicators are on top of the factors that provide social security of tourism in Kish Island.