مجله پژوهش های اعتقادی کلامی
پیاپی 20 (زمستان 1394)

The Ahle Hagh or Yarsan Sect is an eclectic religion which is a merge of various ancient mythological and gnostic religions with Christian creed, the Israelites, Sufism, Mysticism, Spritual Fatimid teachings and the Shiite ٵجل چْٕ٘ which believes in reincarnation and embodiment of God and believes in thousand times of transmogrification of the human soul in different bodies of humans and animals after death. And since this sect believes in the divinity of Imam Ali (PBUH), it is also known as “Ali Allahi”, i. e., “Ali as the Allah”. This sect has a large collection of old manuscripts of sayings and notes of its great men in Gurani Kurdish the most important of which are known as Kalaam-e-khazaaneh and Nameh-saranjaam. These saying are scattered and are maintained by the leaders of each dynasty away from the eyes of people who are not men of God. This paper is an attempt to introduce a list of these manuscripts based on some reliable and authentic sources.

One of the arguments of some philosophers in rejecting the primacy of the soul over the body, is the argument based on the refusal of the inactivity and reincarnation. According to this argument, if the soul exists before the body, either is breadwinner of the physical body or not so. The first state due to the invalidity of reincarnation and the second for refusing the inactivity is impossible. Thus, the primacy of the soul over the body is impossible.This paper investigates different versions of the argument and review the theoretical basis and several critiques concerning it. The result of the investigations shows the inefficiency of the argument in proving the creation of the soul along with the body and denial of the primacy of the soul over the body.The main reason for this inefficiency include: the refusal of absolute inactivity and not limited inactivity, limited needs of the soul to the body only in some of its actions, the possibility of intellectual and immaterial soul before origination of the body, similarity of the soul conditions before the creation of the body whit the soul conditions after cutting off the body, the possibility of reincarnation which would not cause to negating of the resurrection and the possibility of the souls attachment to an immaterial bodies.

Existentialism is considered as one of the western philosophical schools. Man is the pivot of researches in this school; therefore, it is well known as the school of fundamental reality of human existence. In the first place, this school examines man's identity, supports individuality of man and regards freedom of choice as the most important aspect of the man's value. It also believes that human perfection is attained through getting released from any constraint, even the constraints of God and religion. This school denies the constant human nature and regards man as a creator of his own nature. It supposes that life in the materialistic world leads to self-alienation and denies the use of any absolute value for human and emphasizes on the meaninglessness of life. This paper investigates the existentialism's viewpoints about man's identity and offers an extra religious criticism.

Being global andlocalorethnic are two distinct characteristics that divine religions are divided into. Analysis of the Global mannerof Arch prophets’ religions or ethnicand local mode of their religions, with a special look at the religion of Moses, is the centerpiece of this article. The Quran divided prophets into two groups, Arch prophets and others. The doctrines of the traditions suggest that Moses is the third in a series of divine messengers. This text first, withanalytic-descriptive approach to studied data that was produced bylibrary procedure, expresses the meaning of Globality of religion and then delves into the Islamic tradition, specifies the origins of the mentioned arch prophets.Checking the different meanings of Globality and connotations of arch and referring to the verses of the Holy Quran and Jewish sources including the verses of the Torah and the Jewish history and to explain the legal and propagational scope of Moses’ religion is the final step in determining the scope of the Mosaic law and finally will lead to proving the inclusion of the subjects under religious teachings of Moses and assigninghis propagation to the Israelites and Pharaoh’s people.

In Islam and Zoroastrianism, there are untouchable and unobservable creatures which are said to play significant roles in creation, continuation and end of the world. Everywhere in the holy Quran, it is acknowledged that angels exist and people should believe in them. According to Islam, angels have a variety of responsibilities such as protecting Divine Ark, continuous praise of God,, providing means of raining and thundering for clouds, assisting believers in wars, recording behaviors of people, etc.Avesta has explicitly asserted that fravashis, unseen companions of Ahura Mazda, exist and their activities are principally important. The existence of these heavenly creatures is so crucial that Ahura Mazda highlights their critical and vital status. As a result, ašavans refuse to insult them and try to enjoy their material and spiritual blessing through praising them and appealing to them.Via a careful analysis of holy Quran and Avesta, the present study attempts to reveal similarities and differences of angels in Islam and fravashis in Avesta along with their different status, structures, categorizations, functions, and etc.

One of the most important aspect of Osho's thoughts as one of the founders of new spiritualties is his view about "Perfect Human". Osho designs an especial model of human's ultimate end in his own made mysticism through an image of desired and ideal human's identity. The purpose of this study is criticism and studying the most important indicator that is introduced for perfect human by Osho. He attempts to present a complete anti value concept and meaning by applying positive and value expressions. He knows perfect human's indicators in love, freedom, loneliness and living, the concepts which are acceptable apparently but he deducts a new meaning for these concepts through presenting new meanings according to his purposes. After scientific analysis based on internal and external incompatibilities, this study proves what has been mentioned about perfect human's indicators in Osho's spirituality basically is against human's temperament and nature that dependency to them has no results except falling in sex, triteness and materialism.

The theological problem of Badā' has it’s especial station in the Shia theological books. Badā' as the revealing something by God after concealing is given in the Shia Narrations and also Suni’ Hadiths. The problem is that how revealing after concealing can be from God. Upon this, Bada mentioned in the stages of creation that is will and Predestination.Mirdamad is investigated this problem according to his view about the createdness of the world and by distingusion of the Bada and abrogation. Mulla Sara gives two different aspects to this problem and oppose with Mirdamad’ view. By analyzing transcendental philosophy and mysticism rules, Muhammad-Kāzem Assār tries to solve this problem.