مجله پژوهش های اعتقادی کلامی
پیاپی 22 (تابستان 1395)

The political and social thought in the realm of epistemological, in the era known as modernity, has always been faced with the question of the relationship between reason and religion. By Denying and rejecting the perch of reason in the epistemological knowledge of order and domain of society and politics, some consider the “sharia” in a high worth, and the others, had consider the reason as a superior epistemological source in justifying and explaining modern thoughts. Among the muslim scholars, morteza motahari, had a continuous consideration with this epistemological concern in his works. Motahari, with reliance on text and tradition (context), has drawing a type of relationship between reason and religion that have alignment with moderate rationalism. In this essay, the theories of this Muslim philosopher about the relationship between reason and religion, and his reasoning about moderator rationalism checked by using a hermeneutic approach.

The theory of "Spirited Bodies" is a theological theory of the human nature. Opinion is sharply divided over this issue. This theory, based on the theory of evolution and Physical and experimental findings. Nancey Murphy argues for a physicalist account, but one that does not diminish traditional views of humans as rational, moral, and capable of relating to God. Murphy is invited to appreciate the ways in which organisms are more than the sum of their parts. But this theory according to Shia narrations particularly Nahj ,comming in the text of the article, is not acceptable.

This article makes a brief mention intellectual foundation of existentialism and by reviewing some of the most important anthropological ideas of Kierkegaard, tries to analyze critically the concept of liberty and freedom from his perspective, to some theoretical reflections on the foundations necessary to refer existentialism. Our analysis in this paper shows that despite profound accuracy Kierkegaard on the concrete conditions of human life and in favor of the principle of free will and choice in the realization of one's true identity, But his approach to the concept of human freedom and philosophical challenges faced conflicts with some principles of Islamic anthropology. The most controversial cases include: lack of serious attention to the relationship between individual and social freedoms, incompatibility between the concept of individuality and subjectivity of truth, freedom and the lack of attention to the inherent limitations of human and disregard of the passive nature of some human choices and choices.

Special position and extent of the virtues of Lady Fatima Zahra (AS) in the Quran and Hadith is very significant. This paper is to describe, analyze and critique Sunni and Shiite scholar's views about Hadith of “Fatima is part of me “ Which has been quoted of the Prophet (PBUH) for various Sunni and Shiite collection containing Hadith on all various subject matters.
Than Proving the extent and domain of Infallibility of Lady Fatima, And concluded among the various interpretations and readings from the hadith, that Fatima Zahra (AS) heirs of the prophet in all perfection except perfection of prophetic mission.
The Continuation of Hadith is proving Infallibility of Fatima Zahra (AS) from sin And doing abomination and Of any desire And evil characteristics that is not God's satisfaction.

According to the theological arguments, guardianship and authority in its origin belongs to Allah SWT. He is the creator, the Lord, the Guardian of the whole existence. Therefor authority or guardianship of anyone else is illicit, unless the one that is permitted by Him. Having authority over others without His permission is regarded to be unacceptable, false, oppression and transgressing other people’s rights.
This guardianship of Allah SWT is manifested as a divine Grace by sending of the prophets and is maintained by the infallible Imams. Since divine Grace is one of the attributes of Allah SWT and His attributes are not subject to alteration, this wise Grace is to be constant at the time of occultation as well. Here the necessity of the guardianship of the jurists as the closest people to the attributes of the infallible Imams and the most trustworthy one’s to handle the tempting position of leadership, in order to protect and continue the course of Imamate and guidance, is comprehended. This also seems to be a necessary Grace from Allah SWT.

Leadership is one of the fundamental teachings of Islam is and its recognition is based on analyzing and clarifying its meaning. In the present paper a theological approach to the concept of Imamate tried to theologians of the Shiite religious doctrine from the perspective of the review. Shiite theologians generally theological issues related to the concept of the Imamate of Imam independently pay only the same definition by defining Sunnis have offered it. This means that almost all Shia theologians After defining leadership as "head of public affairs, religion and the world" immediately, citing the principle of grace, the Lord, have to prove the necessity of the Imam. is counterfeit.

Religious Pluralism is one of the concepts concerning philosophy of religion. It gives attention to subject of salvation and peaceful life among followers of different religions which is significance by many thinkers and it includes different viewpoints and recitals.
Profound attention to pantheism (by Molavi) which is one of the fundamental pillars of his belief and ispiring morale of neligence and indulgence among his devotees have made some people call him pluralist. With this in mind , whether he deserve such calling or not , and if so , how does he consider religious pluralism , there will be such questions about Molavi. Present study will look over answers of these questions on the basis of Masnavi.
So, in this study , meantime of definition of religious pluralism and presentation of its viewpoints , there will be come opinions of pluralists concerning legitimacy of pre-said religious and reflecies of these opinions in thoughts of Molavi.
Restudy of thoughts of Molavi shows footprints of theory of religions pluralism , more or less by Molavi but he doesnt accept pluralism in the way we use it today and finally he just considers one religion rightful.
The purpose of this study is that devotees of Molavi following his way in religious and insight subjects try to bring near religions and their followers together and there also create a kind of mental readiness for destroying religious and in-belief disputes.