فصلنامه مطالعات شهر ایرانی اسلامی
پیاپی 20 (تابستان 1394)

Futures studies have bidirectional communication with anthropology, sociology and culture of the nations. In this respect, finding the roots of ratio between culture and planning in the system of urban development with futures studies approach becomes necessary. Due to the purpose of this paper which is establishing the position of culturised planning in Iran-Islamic city, quantitative and qualitative research method was chosen. This study has two main sections, the first step of methodological principles is developing a native pattern based on cultural and planning links. Based on culturised planning approach we require the creation of new structures in urban and regional planning system.This structure at macro-level contains a compilation of plan of cultural development and cultural observations based on regional advantages.The level of analysis of city requires a comprehensive program with Future Studies approach that of urban management system must adapt to it and the vision of city must be developed on the basis of culturised systems.The entrance of culture in the context of spatial planning at different scales of time can contribute to the realization of Islamic-Iranian model. Then in the second step, the application of the principles and methods of Futures Studies in the compilation of process model of culturised planning in the urban development planning system is administered based on interpretative structural modeling. In this model, the weakness of the urban planning system based on the lack of attention to both culture and Future Studies component analyzed, and then the connection of municipal, regional and national steps have been identified and explained.

The concepts of enthusiasm and peace are the key topics of environmental psychology and the spiritual architecture of the mosques are more important. Some contemporary mosques are built without the least attention to the lofty conceptual aspects. They are only designed in response to the common functions of mosques, and they do not leave any room for these emotions to be manifested and expressed. This study aimed to elucidate the psychological sensitivity in the architecture of the most important and historic Iranian mosques, and it used them as a model for contemporary mosques.For this purpose, first through interpretative and analytic methods, the concepts of enthusiasm and peace in religious and mystical texts are theoretically examined. The authors tried to use case studies and logical reasoning to study the bodily-spatial characteristics representing architectural concepts in the Imam Mosque in Isfahan. The final goal was to identify elements which epitomize these concepts.The findings of the research indicate that in the traditional mosques, the architects, creatively using the elements of lighting, color, material reduction, and lightening it, managed to create these concepts in the viewers. The peace created is beyond the worldly peace, and enthusiasm created is more than provocation. The results indicate that in the Imam Mosque of Isfahan, there occurred a course of enthusiasm and peace, in a way that the enthusiasm of entrance (the first spot) is supplemented by the spiritual peace and, so is the peace of oratory/atrium (the terminal point) by the spiritual enthusiasm.

The Islamic architecture of Iran in all its dynamic periods has had a glory and magnificent which has acquired it from various types and diverse construction methods and all researchers believe in this merit. In fact, the Islamic architecture in each time section has had its own specific techniques. One of the types of Islamic architecture is bath which has a long established history. The construction of the oldest bath dates back to the The Achaemenid Empire which a sample of it has been found in the southern quarter of the Persepolis. In Kangavar, the discovered Saljuk bath is a sign of the construction of bath in the early centuries of Islam. As the various types of Iranian architecture has affiliated decorations, so that the architecture of bath has also been using certain decorations. As bath is one of the sample of water structures (Hami, 1999, 32), so in its decoration, efforts have been made to use the stable materials in proximity to humidity and lime engraving amid these has a specific position in the bath decoration. One of the beautiful samples of bath lime engraving can be observed in Aakil bath of Shiraz. The beautiful images selected in the bath lime engraving works are samples of taste and art of the artists at Zandiyeh age. In this article, while studying the historical background and physical changes of Vakil bath based on the existing sources, the characteristics of the images used in bath lime engraving have been discussed and the impact of the art of lime engraving on the stability of bath has been reviewed. The method in use in this article is the descriptive and historical method. The findings indicate that the decorations of Vakil bath in Shiraz has had a specific position in the course of evolution of Iranian painting and at its own age, it has been considered as the climax of lime engraving art as compared with the following period.

Waqf as a one of venerable tradition in Islamic thoughts, had been studied for cognition and application in several domains of scientific discipline. Nonetheless, ideas and opinions surrounding Waqf in Architecture and Urbanism disciplines are indicative of a shortage and pathologies that has made Waqf hadn’t been in progress from theory and action perspective. This problem has been targeted in this paper with a different viewpoint from current studies. Research was done by qualitative method and document analysis. Pathology strategy and critical approach were complemented elements of the methodology. Deep review of physical articles of Waqf showed that there were at least three Pathology in approach, method and attitude of studies toward Waqf. Using the descriptive method and positivist methodology, past-oriented attitude and non- creative approach were reflection of these three axles of general Waqf studies as well as Iranian Waqf studies. Results of research indicate that after the redefinition of physical- oriented of studies at mentioned manner, it would be possible to have a strong intellectual framework for passing theoretical impasse of current physical studies of Waqf and removing practical challenges with the help of two key features of efficiency and flexibility.

One of the main characteristics of Islamic city its identity and originality. Identity not only in cities but also in the behavior of the body is affected. Quality was not on the sidewalks leading to the weakening of urban identity and social identity which aims to analyze the position and role of citizens The purpose is to improve pedestrian behavior on the identity of Islamic cities is the center of Sanandaj, and And the combination of the two fields between which they are set to work together on an urban scale. This article, approaches and strategies to improve the quality and effectiveness of Ferdowsi Avenue identity as a model for developing urban spaces these cities offer walking circuit where the data is the data. The research method is a combination of qualitative studies in the literature, the theoretical foundations of factors affecting recovery behavioral identity sidewalks are extracted. Finally, the data collection techniques, questionnaire study on the impact this scrutiny regarding the sidewalks and spaces of citizenship identity benefit. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis for this study has used SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that fact that major components of urban spaces walkability signs, legibility, permeability, easy access, diversity and dynamism, vitality, sense of belonging and evocative locations and parameters of Islamic influence upon the physical, security, hierarchy, the appearance of public buildings, justice, cooperation and participation are the relationship between behavior and identity of beneficiaries and the participation of citizens in urban areas are pedestrian-oriented.

Safety is one of the most important components of the Islamic city and boosts stability and unity across the city. In recent decades a powerful discourse in urban planning has developed regarding the importance of safe cities and suitable urban space, particularly for vulnerable groups such as women and children. Present research aimed to study women’s safety both inside and outside of Tadjrish and south-station subway. Research sample was consistent of 375 of female passengers at both stations and questionnaire was employed for data collection. Data was analyzed using SEM. Results indicated on significant effect of structural and social problems on decreasing the perceived level of safety. In addition results showed the security features in station increases perceived level of safety significantly. There was no significant relationship between service station and perceived level of safety. Based on findings it can be concluded that security has a key role in urban space development. Promoting the quality of structural spaces outside the station, development of suitable areas for family presence and finally creating defensible spaces were discussed as research recommendations.