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Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Volume:7 Issue: 5, Oct 2016

Jentashapir Journal of Cellular and Molecular Biology
Volume:7 Issue: 5, Oct 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/09/28
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
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  • Maryam Hedayatinejad, Sadighe Fayazi *, Simin Jahani, Amal Sakimalehi, Ehsan Hedayatinejad Page 1
    Background
    Peripheral catheters are the most common invasive procedures in patients, and have several therapeutic uses, yet result in infectious and non-infectious complications as well as problems such as pain and bruising, drug and fluid leakage out of the vessels, ecchymosis, hematoma, thrombosis, embolism, infection and phlebitis..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications of peripheral veins catheterization and some related factors at an intensive care unit (ICU) of Susa city..
    Methods
    This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 224 catheters in patients, who were hospitalized for at least 48 hours at the intensive care unit. Data was collected through a questionnaire (demographic information, medications, catheter number, catheter site and placement) and a checklist of catheter mechanical complications and phlebitis checklist. Review of the catheter site was done as well (at first, second, third and fourth, twelfth hour). To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical statistics (chi-square and Mann-Whitney) were used, and the significance level was considered as P
    Results
    The highest frequency was found in the age group of 30 to 60 years old. Results showed no significant correlation between age and incidence of complications and phlebitis, the insertion of catheter, and catheter assembly site (P > 0.05). A significant correlation was reported between variables such as type of drugs, catheter survival time, and work shift (P
    Conclusions
    Due to mechanical problems and phlebitis caused by peripheral catheters, choosing the right location and proper care and management of catheters can reduce the risk of complications and prevent overload to the patient and system due to increased skills by using educational programs..
    Keywords: Peripheral Venous Catheterization, Complications, Phlebitis
  • Seyed Morteza Tayebi *, Shirin Mottaghi, Seyed Aliakbar Mahmoudi, Abbas Ghanbari, Niaki Page 2
    Background
    According to observations on the effect of exercise training on lipid profile, there is little evidence about the effect of short-term circuit resistance training in females because these researches often use aerobic methods in males..
    Objectives
    The current study aimed to examine the effect of a short term course of circuit resistance training on blood glucose and serum lipids in female students..
    Methods
    Twenty female students from the physical education in the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle were randomly selected and divided into two groups of 10 (resistance training and control groups). For seven consecutive days, the experimental group conducted a circuit resistance training including 10 exercises with the intensity of 60% of one maximum repetition and duration of 20 seconds for each exercise in four sets. Each session took 32 - 40 minutes including warm-up and cool-down time. To measure fasting blood glucose, three glyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), blood samples were taken 24 hours before the first session and after the seventh session in a 12-hour overnight fasting..
    Results
    Analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed that although seven sessions of circuit resistance training with a moderate intensity had no significant effects on plasma HDL-c, VLDL-c, TC, and TG in the female students, a significant reduction was observed in the fasting blood glucose and plasma LDL-c..
    Conclusions
    Resistance training exercises in the present method can be considered as a prophylaxis attempt against related diseases by improving cardiovascular and metabolic health..
    Keywords: Resistance Training, Circuit Training, Glucose, Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
  • Maryam Ezzati Givi *, Ali Baniadam, Saleh Esmaeilzadeh, Alireza Ghadiri, Shahin Gohar Pey Page 3
    Background
    Many studies have assessed the effects of either low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) or demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on bone repair; however, an evaluation of the combination of these modalities (LIPUS DBM) has not yet been considered..
    Objectives
    This study aimed to investigate combined effects of DBM and LIPUS on fracture healing..
    Methods
    Bilateral 5-mm tibial defects were created in male Dutch rabbits (n = 30). Animals were divided to two groups of empty defect (A) and DBM group (B), in which commercial DBM putty was used in defects. In each animal left tibia was treated with LIPUS (intensity = 30 mW/cm2, I SATA, 1 MHz, 20 min/day, pulsed duty 1:4) and the contralateral limb was used as the control. Animals, after 14, 28 and 60 days, were submitted to radiographic or computerized tomography (CT) scanning analysis..
    Results
    At two weeks, LIPUS had no substantial effect on bone formation. Slight increase of average rates in LIPUS group (A2) were seen compared to the empty defect group (A1) at day 21 and 28. In the DBM–treated group compared with the sham LIPUS, bone-healing rate was reduced at the end of the period (60 days) after surgery. The average healing rate in group B at the end of the 60-day period was less than group A after 21 days..
    Conclusions
    The present study discusses systemic effect of LIPUS because of non-significant results between treated group and control group and is the first to demonstrate that LIPUS decreases bone formation induced by DBM..
    Keywords: LIPUS, DBM, Tibia, Fracture Healing
  • Gholamreza Khataminia*, Abdollah Saadatfar, Ali Gorgi, Hossein Rostaei Page 4
    Purpose
    Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) is an age-related condition characterized by the deposit of an abnormal fibrillar material on many ocular tissues. The current study aimed to assess plasma lipid levels including cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in patients with cataract, with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome..
    Methods
    Patients with the diagnosis of senile cataract and indication of surgery were included in the current case-control study. Following the examination, the patients were classified into two groups; the PES group and the non-PES group. From all participants, blood samples were taken after 12 hours of fasting to measure TG, cholesterol, LDL, HDL and VLDL. Mean of plasma lipids were compared between the two groups..
    Results
    Two hundred and fifteen patients with cataract were enrolled in the study in which 74 were diagnosed as having PES (58.1% male) and 141 were non-PES (54.6%) and were selected as control group. Differences between PES and non-PES groups were not statistically significant when considering the mean concentrations of cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and HDL (P = 0.899, 0.403, 0.392 and 0.878 respectively). Mean concentration of TG in non-PES group was 127.07 ± 6.59 mg/dL, which was lower than the mean TG of PES group (149.78 ± 6.15 mg/dL). The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.021)..
    Conclusions
    The study found that Increased TG values were significantly associated with PES. The study results showed that checking and controlling the dyslipidemia in patients with cataract and PES may be helpful. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended..
    Keywords: Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome, Cataract, Plasma Lipids
  • Reza Salehi *, Shahin Goharpey, Abdollah Tayebi, Hossein Negahban, Mohammad Jafar Shaterzadeh Page 5
    Background
    The current study aimed to evaluate the postural control in patients underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction pre and post wearing functional knee brace..
    Methods
    Eighteen athletes undergone unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction included in the study. They had unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at least six months before session test. Postural control was assessed pre and post wearing custom-fit functional knee brace using a posturographic platform prokin 254. The balance tests included: 1) standing on prokin platform with eyes open/closed on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction limb, 2) standing on prokin platform with eyes open/closed on both limbs. The standard deviation (SD) of body sway along the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) axis, mean velocity of center of pressure (COP) along AP/ ML axis and the area ellipse (measured in 2 mm) were calculated..
    Results
    Results of the paired T-test revealed a significant effect on selected postural control variables for the brace conditions especially in low challengeable conditions (double leg, eyes open test situations) (P
    Conclusions
    Functional knee brace improved postural control in the simple balancing task in the subjects with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. But this improvement in more difficult balancing task was limited..
    Keywords: Knee Bracing, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Reconstruction, Postural Balance
  • Akram Ahangarpour, Golshan Afshari *, Seyyed Ali Mard, Ali Khodadadi, Mahmoud Hashemitabar Page 6
    Background
    Exendin-4 is a similar peptide to GLP-1 and can interfere with various receptors of GLP-1. Bisphenol A (BPA), as an endocrine disruptor chemical, is used in a wide range of plastic products..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to clarify several exendin-4 aspects in treatment of metabolic disorders..
    Methods
    In in vivo condition, the BPA (100 µg/kg) and exendin-4 (4 nmol/kg/d) were administered for 20 days in four different groups, and blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, adipocyte hormones and oxidative stress markers were examined..
    Results
    The results indicate that co-administration of exendin-4 and BPA modified hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced by BPA. Bisphenol A reduced antioxidant level, whereas exendin-4 improved these effects..
    Conclusions
    The findings of these studies suggest that the use of exendin-4 is useful in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorders, induced by BPA..
    Keywords: Bisphenol A, Exendin, 4, Leptin, Adiponectin, Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile
  • Alireza Danesh Kazemi, Najmeh Johar * Page 7
    Background
    In this study, four different types of composite samples were aged then exposed to 16% carbamide peroxide and 40% hydrogen peroxide, and the results were compared to a control group..
    Objectives
    The aim of this study was to investigate variations of micro hardness in types of composite materials after bleaching treatments and comparison of hardness in types of composites..
    Methods
    From each composite, (Z100, Z250, Z350, P90) 36 composite discs were prepared with dimensions of up to 3 × 8. The samples went through the aging process for four weeks, and then they were placed in a thermocycling device for 5000 cycles. The composite samples were divided to duodenary three subgroups and each subgroup was exposed to different bleaching treatments including: 1. untreated control group, 2% - 35% hydrogen peroxide (Office B.) and 3% - 16% carbamide peroxide (Home B.). After 14 days of treatment, micro hardness of composite samples (Vikers) was evaluated. The obtained data were analyzed via Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests and significance level was determined as 0.05..
    Results
    The mean values of VHN after home bleaching treatment in composite Z100 (163.0), Z250 (100.4), Z350 (116.7) and P90 (80.0) were different from non-treated group including Z100 (146.8), Z250 (84.0), Z350 (110.4) and P90 (76.8), yet this difference was not significant. While in the after office bleaching treatment, the results of mean value were as follows, Z100 (163.0), Z250 (100.4), Z350 (116.7), P90 (80.0) Z100 and Z350; a significant increase in hardness was seen in both groups..
    Conclusions
    Aged composite bleaching leads to an increase or no change in microhardness compared to the control group that depends on the type of restorative material and bleaching agent. Meanwhile, in the composite examined in this study, the highest rate of microhardness was related to composite Z100 and subsequently Z350 and the lowest rate was related to both composites Z250 and P90..
    Keywords: Composite, Bleaching, Aging, Carbamide Peroxide, Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Isadora Luana Flores, Thiago De Oliveira Gamba, Rodrigo Varella De Carvalho, Rafael Guerra Lund *, Adriana Etges Page 8
    Background
    Plantago australis is a native plant from Southern Brazil used to reduce inflammation. Interestingly, there are no previous studies evaluating its use to treat oral lesions..
    Objectives
    The study aimed to investigate in vivo the anti-inflammatory activity of 10% ethanol extract of P. australis in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), erosive lichen planus (ELP) and actinic cheilitis (AC)..
    Methods
    Thirty patients with RAS, ELP and AC were treated topically with 10% P. australis solution-based or cream..
    Results
    In the comparison of in vivo data before and after the treatment and between different lesions, all P values were less than 0.05..
    Conclusions
    The pharmaceutical formulation of 10% P. australis was therapeutically effective in the subjects with inflammatory oral lesions of RAS, ELP and AC..
    Keywords: Plantago spp., Anti, Inflammatory Agents, Oral Pathology, Clinical Study
  • Mohsen Akhavan Sepahi, Zahra Movahedi * Page 9
    Introduction
    Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is classified as a renal cystic disorder that leads to accumulation of cystic lesions in the kidney. This disorder is inherited as both autosomal dominant and recessive. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), was once thought to be a disease of adults, but is now being reported with increasing frequency in children. The diagnosis is based on clinical, radiologic and genetic evaluation..
    Case Report: We present a two-month girl who was admitted to the nephrology ward with fever and discomfort in urination for three days. The prenatal sonography showed a single cyst in both kidneys and in postnatal sonography she had one cyst in the right kidney and two cysts in the left kidney. During the follow-up for kidney cysts, the cysts were increased in size and numbers in both kidneys, which were detected in serial ultrasonography and confirmed by computed tomography. Through the three years follow up; renal function tests remained within the normal limit..
    Conclusions
    The purpose of this report was prenatal diagnosis of ADPKD by ultrasonography and genetic testing, which may help appropriate management and prompt familial screening..
    Keywords: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, Prenatal Diagnosis