فصلنامه راهبرد دفاعی
پیاپی 41 (بهار 1392)

Despite enemy's propaganda to show that Iran has a high rate of militarization, the defense sector has the lowest share of GDP. Comparing many similar countries in the region, Iran has the lower rate in "global militarization index” and ranked 29th in the world. In the other hand, no scientific indexing about the defense requirements of a country which is a function of factors such as the country's extent, population, threats and geopolitical situation has been done. In this research, the new index of “defense requirement index” is introduced which according to that, by getting 91 from 100, Iran has the first place among 15 countries and then the optimal share of Iran’s defense sector was determined %5.2 of GDP. And finally, by using 30-year trends, comparative studies and experts’ viewpoint, and with consideration of future war, the optimal distribution of funds was presented.

The relationships between human and security, and space and activity is among the essential elements in formulating spatial planning projects which leads to consolidation, development, sustainability and security. Defending a territory, either on national scale or regional level, besides its political and geographical content, includes defending the existing establishments as well. If a country's defense plan doesnt consider security of human and activities, instability will be the main functional and physical threat to the space. The research is intended to study the security-building factors of passive defense in spatial planning. We try to answer the question that which one of the involved variables, from the viewpoints of the field experts, plays the prominent part in the issue? Descriptive-analytic approach was used in the paper. In order to come down on research topic, quantitative (assessment using SPSS) and qualitative (interview) approaches were utilized besides librarian studies. Statistic universe of the research included 275 people associated with passive defense organizations as well as the technicians and university experts in Tehran, Iran. The results of the paper indicated that suitable locating, consolidation, sharing experiences of the developed countries on the field and using natural factors are among the most important security-building factors of passive defense in spatial planning.

Since early 1370s which Republic of Azerbaijan regained its independence, I.R. Iran and Azerbaijan’s border was always faced with some kinds of insecurities. Because of various factors and barriers, no positive results have been achieved in managing this part of border during the recent years. Despite the attempts of some political and security institutions, border management in the area is still faced with some obstacles. The main objective of the researchers in this study is to identify the obstacles of I.R. Iran and Azerbaijan’s optimal border management.

National security which is the main concern of any country is a multilateral situation that makes it difficult to fulfill. Besides the complexity of the concept of security, the threat of the national security of the countries has also different dimensions. The geopolitics of the countries around I.R. Iran had always a significant impact on Iran’s national security.United States’ presence in Iraq during recent decade has affected Iran’s national security and the continuation of this presence –which by signing strategic agreement between two countries in 2012, as well as security agreement will get a formal phase – can cause different security situations around Iran that can lead to the increased "danger and threat" to the Islamic Republic of Iran. So, besides examining the strategic agreement of the United States and Afghanistan in this paper, it has been tried to investigate and evaluate its impact on I.R. Iran’s national security.

Lack of attention to each country's geopolitical advantages and limitations prevents the accurate identification of potential and actual strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities which may disable the country to benefit and use the strengths and opportunities at proper time and makes it vulnerable to weaknesses.In this study, through descriptive-analytic method, it has been tried to answer the questions and prove the hypothesis of the research based on identifying and explaining UAE’s effective geopolitical factors which in various-natural, human, economic, domestic and international policy and military-dimensions are related to I.R. Iran’s national security. Also by determining the role of these factors and the impacts of the different functions of these factors in terms of threat and opportunity the study tries to take an effective step towards optimal use of opportunities and to reduce current threats in order to improve national security with an emphasis on the security of Hormozgan’s coastal security.

Managers are pursuing to control planned activities in logistic organizations, in order to support support-gaining units. In the other hand, and because of the relations and interactions of logistic organizations with internal and external environments, environmental changes and factors are affecting logistic processes so that measuring the effects of these changes is more tangible at the strategic level. Timely fulfillment of logistic plans require predicting, evaluating and controlling the factors which have significant impact on the success of logistic missions serving support-gaining units.