فصلنامه برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
پیاپی 12 (زمستان 1392)

Development is considered fundamental change in the socio-economic and cultural variables and its realization requires coordination among various dimensions of society. In the process of community development، the duality of economic، social، technological and cultural is considered as a major issue in modern literature of development. This problem raises the issue of pathological development that leads to pay more attention and dedication. The purpose of this descriptive-analytical study- via statistical methods such as Decision-making TOPSIS multi-criteria، Cluster analysis and Coefficient of Dispersion (CV) - is to analyze and comparative evaluation the distribution state and development indicators such as economic، social، health-therapeutic and industrial facilities of Boushehr province. It should be mentioned that this study also reflect townships of province in the terms of the development indicators of the level-based and investment priorities in order to organize regional and achieve sustainable and balance development. The results of this study show that not only the townships of Boushehr province have different level of development but also relatively significant difference in terms of various parameters from each other. The maximum difference with a coefficient of variation of 1. 139 is related to the industrial indicator and the least difference of development is related to the socio-economic indicator with coefficient of variation of 0. 387. According to combined indicators of development، Jam and Boushehr townships were the most developed and the four townships of Genave، Dashti، Tangestan and Dayyer were placed at the end stage of province development.

Five-Year Programs have been performed for 20 years، from1368 to 1380، in Iran. Even though there have been numerous forward steps with regard to development، there is no developmental balance between various geographical parts of the country particularly central parts and peripheral parts. The main question in the core issue of this paper is that; does the performance of fourth program increased or decreased the existing gap between peripheral and central regions? This question has been considered through 24 criteria and standards of economic- infra structural and socio-cultural. This descriptive-analytical study by using developmental criteria has been developed in order to compare the development level of the provinces. All data extracted from books، documents، papers، and laws of the country and then data analysis have done on the base of numerical taxonomy via Excel software. Process of development in different provinces of Iran has been determined by diagrams in order to show concrete analogy. Furthermore، for designing thematic map of country in every period and in 5 levels، GIS software has been used and finally situation of all provinces have been analyzed. Results of this study demonstrate that: 1-Development process has existed in all provinces of Iran during fourth program. 2-Assessment of development process in the form of comparative comparison in various parts of Iran proves unbalance development. 3- Developmental gaps in fourth program in comparison with third program not only have not been remedied but also have increased.

Women’s parks and green spaces are one of the important welfare and recreational centers. These parks play an important role in urban sustainable development and improvement of women’s quality of life in addition to meeting their health and mental needs. This research aims to evaluate the performance of women’s parks in Tabriz based on the land usage and social criteria. For doing so، women’s parks in Tabriz were investigated by AHP model based on urban land usage criteria (availability، compatibility، neighborhood، etc.) and social criteria (privatization and women needs). This investigation indicates that Tabriz women’s parks are not covered in all areas and construction of new women’s parks is necessary. Compatibility of these parks is located in relatively good condition from compatibility point of view and neighborhood usage. According to the social criteria، the users believe that these parks lack optimal privacy index and they are seen from surrounding tall buildings. The studies of the women needs showed that these parks have optimal performance in meeting women needs (weight loss، calmness، increase of efficiency and joyfulness، empowerment of friendly gatherings and self-esteem). In general، the results showed that most of the women’s parks in Tabriz have 66. 6% medium functional fitness and % 33. 4 low fitness indexes.

Providing housing for low-income groups in urban areas، as one of major challenging issues of the world، is achieved sustainable development. It seems that making a link between the public and private sectors of the community is the best way to achieve the goal of providing housing for low-income urban groups. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of CDS in Wireless and Safrabad of Zanjan province in order to offer mobilize housing for low-income and provide better-planned urban development in the province. This descriptive- analytical research is used library studies and field surveys of survey area for data collection. The theoretical foundation of the methods is used to collect the desired data and eventually SPSS software and Matlab for data analysis. The population of this study consisted of 14441 residential units and sample size of 120 is calculated by using Cochran''s sampling method. The results show that approximately %3/751 of low-interest mortgages have a decisive role in creating motivation for retrofitting houses، %3/614 of allocated loan has been an improvement in the economic situation of the people that leads to increase their income، and %2/263 of that has special values in using the type of materials that used in the construction. The factor analysis of economic indicators has the greatest impact on low-income urban housing group. Also، the results of this study indicate that، due to the nature of the mechanism and design of urban model، low-income groups have less benefit from urban development programs than high-income groups.

Classification of rural districts based on land use is a criterion for determining the centrality of most instances of land use change from rural and agricultural purposes to construct objectives، which has come to a brighter focus today than ever. The main concern is the obstacles and limitations in providing plots of land. Particularly، agricultural land quality and maintaining a balance between preservation and development pressures should be addressed. The main purpose of this study is to optimize land use. Detecting and rating effective factors can be performed by grading rural districts which helps us to identify the problems and take measures to overcome them. The purpose of descriptive-analytical-practical current study by using evaluating effective factors on the process of rural land is to change in Bandare Anzali city and Guilan of Iran. The statistical population، included all the villages of Anzali (=27) and sample size of 364، is calculated by using Cochran''s sampling method. The parameters that were evaluated included: tourism، population growth، physical development of the city، and civil measures taken by the administration in the area under study. In order to grade rural districts، the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was used. Based on the results، tourism is the most effective index in rural land use change. Lijarkee district has mostly been affected and a wide area of its rural land has been exploited for construction purposes. In order to achieve sustainable development، effective policies and procedures should be fostered to change and control this process. Expert Choice Software was used for data analysis in Ahp Model، Arc Gis Software for drawing of maps and Excel Software was used for statistical analysis and calculations.

The first attempting to establish rural management has been done by the governors of rural districts in villages since 1377. In recent years، governors of rural districts have been known as the dynamics and underlying stimulus for the physical-space development of rural settlements. The main objective of this study is to analyze performance of Kurdian district in Jahrom County. This study is a descriptive-analytical research and data are collected form library-documentation research، field studies and surveys. The population of the study was 1672 households from villages and six selected villages that sample size was estimated at 300 people by using Cochran sampling method and SPSS software for data analysis. Results from the governors of rural districts'' perspective showed that significant changes took place in improving the quality of construction and establishing of having property documentation in villages and little changes in administrative، security and training services. Rural households have positive viewpoint about the governors of rural districts'' performance in retrofitting housing، quality public services، facilities and negative viewpoint about them in localization services.

By considering the close relationship between tourism and climate change، it is essential that tourism organizations plan and design their future potential on the base of climate change impacts. In order to study the process of climate change for tourism planning and tourism development in Isfahan province، the statistical data are collected from weather site from 1976 to 2005 and data were divided into two 15-year period by extracting the mean monthly and quarterly. T. C. I index، which has the unbearable situation to perfect condition، was used for analyzing each season. Results are used for drawing GIS maps by identifying and highlighting changes in different zones. GIS maps indicate that the west of province in the second period has lower acceptable condition than the first period in winter and the center and the east of province face with good and very good condition. In spring، very good condition enclosed only very small west part of province that in the second period is not seen within the province. Thus، excellent condition was increased but ideal condition was reduced in the second period. In autumn، a decline of good condition during the second period in the west causes to increase especially the excellent condition in all of areas of Isfahan. The t-test analysis of the station shows that the climate conditions in the tourist seasons (winter، spring and autumn) have not changed and only changed in summer conditions.

Nomad’s women affect the household economy via various ways. Employment of women in the handicrafts sector is one of the most important ways affecting the household economy for providing their needs. The aim of this present study is to investigate the effect of nomad women''s employment (semi-migratory) in handicrafts on household economies in Zrdlan village from chardavol county of Ilam province. This applied research was conducted by data collection form library-documentation research، field studies and survey via questionnaire. Geographic area of research is 26 villages that 54. 16 percent of the total villages in the study area are included. The rural economy is based on livestock breeding. In the study area also nomads'' women produce handicrafts such as sieh mal، chit، give، monj bafi، Jajim bafi، woodworking equipment of kitchen and etc. The population of the study was women over 12 year old (nomads، semi-migratory) in Zardelan village (2891 = N)، which sample size was estimated at 190 cases by using Cochran formula (0. 5 = p & q and 0. 08 = d) and using simple random sampling. Results showed that factors such as primitive technology for production، being far away from town، geographical isolation، lack of customers، lack of markets for their products and the lack of official support cause less access of women to income via handicrafts production in the region are studied. On the other hand، one-sample t-test results did not confirm the impact of nomad women`s employment in handicrafts on their household economies because of the problems.

The new methods in regionalization of geography spaces are with the aim of clarifying the hidden angles and innovation in regional development planning. The spatial analysis is possible with homogeneity، compactness and equality of inside region and distinguishes of outside region. The values and norms are preferred to determine the degree of development in area. This method has been applied in the interdisciplinary principals such as the principles of trigonometry and scientific laws environment. The research method is a combination of fundamental methods and interdisciplinary. Tree new methods were detected under the heading to the polarization of value-normal spaces، space side taking and trigonometrically regionalization of space. These methodologies emphasized the elements of maximizing positive، constructive and trailblazing factors، minimizing negative، destructive and deterring factors and mid-oriented. Based on our study findings، four areas and eight regions were designed. Area І consists of regions (1، 5)، indicates progressive-constructive levels and obtains a degree of desirability to represent a develop mentality. Area П consist of regions (2، 6) and indicates constructive-deterring levels. It represents a development stay. Area Ш consists of regions (3، 7) and indicates destructive and deterring levels. It acquires a degree of undesirability to represent its underdevelopment. Area IV consists of regions (4، 8) and indicates destructive-progressive levels. It represents stagnation and pauses in geographical spaces.