فصلنامه برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1391)

Rural development comes from many factors that one of them is desirable housing. Housing is like physical facilities unit or similar an economic commodity and high durability that also has social role or collective. So the purpose of this study is evaluation of indexes and its viewing of housing social that as a case study has been in rural regions of Azna township. The research method is descriptive–analytic and survey in the study. For data collecting is used two methods of library and documentary and also field method and direct observation. The statistical people of this research are all the heads of rural households of housing units all the rural regions of Azna Township that through using Cochran's formulas to a sample size of 239 individual which were selected stratify sampling and have been studied with valid questioner. In order for analysis of valid coefficient of questioner was performed the scout test that the liability coefficient of Cronbach was more that 0.77 percent. The results of statistics analysis in SPSS software show that indexes "the level of affect rural housing units in product of waste materials" and "the level of affect rural housing units in destruction of natural resources" are in conditions of lower than average of sustainability and so rural housing social sustainability are in low conditions.

Today one could not say that the national economic prosperity and supplying resources for the whole population of Iran has no relevance with production, social and economic activities of rustics. Therefore, any planning for rural areas is necessary and of great significance. However, it seems that rural communities are integrated and have no concerns, the recent studies have shown unsustainability and disturbance in rural communities and the rustics’ concerns have become an acute problem. Rural community, special farmers are exposed to endless concerns and stresses, among which we could mention sudden changes in the work environment, natural disasters, concerns regarding the time for cultivation, crop management and harvesting, unfavorable weather conditions, government policies and … The present article deals with the investigation of disturbing factors for Darab rural farmers. The statistical population of the present research is 725 families from 15 villages. The results of the research show that there is a significant difference between geographical, natural and economic factors, while, there is no significant difference between social and economic factors. It has been also concluded that in order to deal with disturbing factors for the farmers, it is better to conduct a significant range of researches to reinforce the increase of efficiency in social and economic aspects.

Since the 1970s rural industrialization strategy as a solution of economic function contributes to achieve rural development, considered by rural development planners. Industrial management when evaluated prosperous that besides economic efficiency, be considered compatible with the principles of environmental conservation. This study selected Ghohrood garment industries as the case over the past three decades, despite the problems of domestic and foreign markets, a remarkable success from an economic viewpoint, achieved development of exports and create employment for rural youth; has intended to use qualitative and quantitative methodologies, to analyze the Ghohrood garment industry from the perspective of environmental protection. Method of data gathering is documentary and field research, and major tools of research are interview, questionnaire and observation. Statistical population of research includes: 1- Managers and staff of Ghohrood garment industries, and 2- local people. Such that, 18 person of managers and staff of Ghohrood garment industries, and 35 person from local people were selected through random sampling method. The obtained data in first level used to comparison and analysis of Ghohrood garment industry status with green industries indicators, and data in second level used to recognizing perceptions of local people about case study. Result show that Ghohrood garment industry due to advantage of efficient management, less dependence on fossil fuels, and other pollutants has good compatibility with the views of environmental conservation. And briefly led to development of green space in the village, improving waste and sewage disposal systems, efficient use of energy and natural resources, Contribute to rural construction projects, improvement of administrative process in rural guidance plan, housing development in village, and poverty reduction through employment creating and rising incomes.

Many of spatial structures of old Islamic cities, located in Iran, have been changed by foreign imports of urban planning. This is true in Rey city, as well and has been changed its physic and texture. This article is seeking to recognition characteristics of the Islamic city's physical identity (mosques, markets and neighborhoods) in Rey. This paper tries to achieve ordinary model of the elements of Islamic city and to explain their function. Finally, to answer the question whether can recognize the Rey city in term of the physical characteristics of as the Islamic identity? A method to achieve for an appropriate response to this question is descriptive - analytical methods and the required information is collected with documents and field studies methods (including interview). The findings show that Islamic city's Function such as political, religious, administrative center is shown by Rey city in its evolution history. At the present time, it reflects the same functions with a modern face. Research results show that the Islamic city's physical characteristics can be recognized in the Rey city and Rey city has identity of an Islamic city in term of physical elements in Iran and provides the needed functions.

Urbanization is threatening the sustainability of the water, food and energy security of Iran. The most important reason of urbanization is immigration of people from rural areas to the cities. The city of Shiraz is located in the Shiraz Plain (380 Km2), south of Iran. Its population in 1956 was170,659 and in 2006 was 1,351,181. This means the population of Shiraz grew about eight fold during this period. While, that of Iran during the same period grew about four fold. This shows that the rate of immigration to Shiraz was very high, and urbanization around Shiraz has happened very fast in the above period. In 1956, the Shiraz had a beautiful landscape; its size was 894 hectares and was surrounded by 1,565 hectares of beautiful gardens and 35,714 hectares of good agricultural land, fertile arable land, and rangeland. In 1989, Shiraz had 5,962 hectares of gardens. In 2006, Shiraz size became 19,074 hectares (21 fold) and this rapid urbanization has replaced not only 2,987 hectares of valuable gardens but also caused disappearance of some 18,000 hectares of agricultural land, fertile arable land, and rangeland. Therefore, changes in land use in the Shiraz Plain because of rapid urbanization were very high and this not only decreased seriously agricultural and horticultural productions, but also created significant problems for the people in the city. Due to the rapid urbanization, the demand for water has increased 15 times in the city in the period of 1956-2006. The consumption of energy in Iranian residential sector is high and it was 2.5 fold of the world. According to Shiraz electricity consumption records from 1968 to 2006, the consumption growth was 70 fold. The preliminary analysis in this study through the case study of Shiraz suggests that we need in-depth study to understand how urbanization has impacted on the availability of water supplies, the security of food production around our cities and the energy needs at the national level and what policy and planning changes are required for sustainable and livable cities into the future.

Urbanization in recent decades in Iran has experienced rapid growth. One consequence of this rapid growth, is appearance of the informal settlements around the cities. During the period of explosive urban growth in Kermanshah also occurred on the sidelines of the migrants in this city, especially in the largest margin of the Jafarabad, this location from one hand with the remarkable population that mostly were rural migrants and its socio-economic context, makes a high level necessary to study this area. Here we studied some issues same as the causes of migration, period and geographic origin of immigrants, education, aspirations and problems in this margin community, the economic status of households and a little bag housing, family, belonging, citizenship, social life satisfaction, general socio - economic marginalization, Jafarabad is investigated. The survey-based on "questionnaire" with a sample size of 374 from Kermanshah, Jafarabad margin dwellers. Sampling method was the use of cluster sampling and men or women have been interviewed. The results demonstrated that more than seventy percent of the residents live in homes with more than 5 people. Nearly all (97 percent) have house ownership. Residents have a high satisfaction of water, gas and electricity utilities. High unemployment rate and job instability associated with low income and variety of job seeker is characterized. this low-income households spent as much only for basic needs such as food and clothing to be (89 percent) and other expenses ones like Medical expenses is negligible. After the migration often a feel a better position to be evaluated. Economic causes and problems to migration are discussed in the first place. Social networks and migration has been very effective conditioned. Urban services and the satisfaction of those are at medium level. Social deviance rates are high and the amount of citizenship belongs is higher than other cities, and also more willing to participate shoes in the affairs of the city and neighborhood. The older dwellers are more satisfied with the performance of institutions and social participation than young ones. There was no significant difference between men and women attitude on social deviances but in terms of education level, there was a significant differences in this case then those who have attained higher levels education have negative opinion more than those with low education.

Compilation process of regional planning consists of recognizing the current situation, foresight and policy, strategy setting and planning management. Foresighting, developing the proposed scenarios as well as selecting the best scenario are considered as significant stages in this process in order to achieve the designated goals in each province. In this regard, in stage of developing the different scenarios based on recognition of Lorestan province, three scenarios of current status, desirable status and ideal status were prepared for achieving the comprehensive development programs. In this research, the method used for assessment the scenarios are selected by applying the proposed criteria and in form of three matrixes. In fact, it is an innovative method for evaluating and selecting the best scenario through the proposed scenarios in planning studies for different subjects. It should be noticed that this method can be applied in similar researches about development programs of other provinces. The results of this study demonstrate that development of desirable status of the province has a significant weight effect against the scenario of current status. However, the implementation of ideal status scenario has a weight effect lower than implementation of desirable scenario due to likely occurrence of scenarios. Moreover, in comparison with the current status scenario, the ideal scenario has a higher effect, indicating improvements in different sections of the province

The Role of the tourism industry to create a balance between sustainable development and improving quality of life of local communities, is very important and significant problems and effectively inhibits low-income and poor communities.For this first study using data obtained from the questionnaire to the four dimensions of the SWAT model has been based on the results, and determine strategies for different situations finally, using a measurement matrix, each of the strategies using multiple components have been evaluated and assessed.The results showed a weighted score of Ilam in the matrix of external factors = 3/06 (satisfactory) and internal factors = 2/05 is thus the overall situation of the province, will be placed on house No. 2 matrix that represents the combination of growth strategies and developing the tourism development in the opening of Ilam province bordering Iraq.The quantitative measurements showed that the strategies developed strategies, focusing on the needs and strategies to achieve the main precondition for development, Spread roads, rail network (ST7) and emphasize the main advantages of the introduction of boundary conditions (ST1) having the highest score (2.3 and 1.66, respectively) had the highest interest, and strategy coordination among executive agencies (ST4) with a score of 0.81 is the least attractive