نشریه تاریخ نامه ایران بعد از اسلام
پیاپی 17 (پاییز و زمستان 1397)

In the course of the rebellion, which occurred on May 6, 1911 due to the shortage of bread and expensive grain in the city of Isfahan, Hajj Mohammad Ja'far Khansari, the city's deputy mayor, was horrifically killed and some of the newly established institutions of the city were destroyed. In the report and analysis of this incident, various narratives have been expressed. This article tries to study and analyze this event according to these narratives and according to the factors of power in the city of Isfahan and the conditions prevailing in the city at that time and wants to identify the complexities of the event with the emphasis on the incident of killing Khansari. Accordingly, the main question of the research is: How did the problem of bread and grain shortage in Isfahan in 1911, lead to the struggle of various factors of power in the city?
The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and is based on collecting information from written sources and newspapers published in that period. The findings of the research show that: various factors of power in Isfahan, in accordance with the conditions prevailing in the city, which resulted from the occurrence of the Constitutional Revolution, in order to pull each other out of the realm of power and to strike each other, killed Mohammad Jafar Khansari in a fabricated rebellion under the pretext of bread shortage, and they plundered and destroyed a number of civilian institutions in the city.

In the early twentieth century Japan emerged as a military and political power of Asia into the world's political equations. It was a joy for Asian nations, because they saw the emergence of Japan as a new resurrection for Asia. On the other hand, some in Japan chanted "Asia for the Asians" slogan. Supporters of this idea, which was entitled "Pan –Asianism" called for special attention of Japan to Asia and the support of Asian nations against threats from the West. In the wake of events that, in practice took place, the idea of pan-Asianism marginalized, Because Japan became the new colonialism.
However, some Muslim scholars (In Iran and Russia) still had confidence in Japan and hoped to receive assistance from that country. Some Muslim scholars also believed to convert Japaneses to Islam, and some believed the rumors that Japanese Emperor had accepted Islam.
The idea of pan-Asianism and its reflection among Muslims is the subject of this paper. It wants to do this by studying the ideas and actions of two Muslim scholars (Abdul- Rahim Talibov from Iran and Abdul- Rashid Ibrahim from Russia). In addition this paper aims to study the Japanese propaganda activity in Asia and the reaction of Asian people to that masages

The aim of this article is that Afzal -ul-Mulk method and attitude in the historiography was discussed with the respect to his lived experience. We want to lived experience the historian are reflected in another form in the sphere of historiography. The Center of this lived experience is the transitional period that puts him in a limbo. Since he living in the beginning of the change, domination of the new lived experience that constitution is a symbol of its, is not evident. And hence it can be said that Afzal -ul-Mulk is involved between the two traditional and modern life world and feedback of this problem is evident in its writing, So sometimes conflicting concepts using like " tyranny" and "constitutional" and "Peasant" and "nation" and in the various positions of writing tend to find to one of those two. He lived due to breathing in the modern life world that is associated with the formulation of "Public Sphere " , different writing creating than the historiography of his several decades ago. Therefore, the basic themes of his writing takes paradoxical nature by the transition period. And this paradox show off in some positions in the field of defense and thinking of the past and in some other positions on the field side of the new system and puts its readers in a dualism .

People cloth had particular importance in the Safavid period. This importance came from the significant socio-political developments of the history of Iran after Islam in the Safavid era. In this period Iran was changed in all aspects of political, religious, social, economic, and art. Especially the importance of paying attention to impact of developments in this period, increased by the synchronicity of these developments with the spread of European presence in various scene of Iran social. As part of culture of the society Safavid clothing were affected by these developments and it can be seen clearly in the paintings of that period as a sign of the evolution of clothing. This study has been tried, to be examined those political, cultural, and social development that had effect on clothing in the Safavid period by studying the paintings that left from that period. As a results of the study indicates that in this period, economic growth and textile industry development has a direct effect on woven and clothing of the society and this causes considerable beauty and elegance in a cloth and as a result of increase ties with Europe and cultural exchanges gradually caused revealing some elements of western clothing to the Iranian cloth.The present study is a descriptive-analytical study and the data was collected in a desk study.

The written memories enjoy special status in studies of Iranian cotemporary history in terms of containing original contents and diverse viewpoints, including in study of different dimensions of the evens such as occupation iran inWorld War I. Russia and British forces occopied this country. meanwhile. Iranians intensification of anti-barbarian feelings those days, resulted in establishment of camaign centers such as Iranians Western Centers im portant center for Iranians confrontation due to attendance of many political regiments of the country as Immigration Movement and leading anti-allied movements in such a way that most important center for Iranians confrontation. According to this , the variable influence such as poiitical attitude of the memory writers on feedbaback of events of this center, is the most important issues that research attempts to solve it.
The results show that the political attitude of the memory writers has direct influence on formation their viewpoint and , influence of such variable resulted in formation of independent accounts by the democratic and moderator, obviously doing such studies, regardlessof the factors and variable such as political attitude of memory narrators , seems incomplete , therefore , in this research we attemplete, therefor ,in this research we attempt to survey effectiveness of political attitudes of the memory writers in a way that reflect evens of Iranian western Confrontation center

Caliph-Sultan’s theory reproduction in fact conditions were pragmatic Islamic society: The emergence of governing families and especially Turks as the military arm of Islamic countries on one hand led to the establishment of power of Sultan and deployment the spiritual authority of Caliph and the other hand, seeks to justify the new order as a juristic One of the other methods of acquiring the power managed. In this theory, there are two symmetrical approach, as two of the same coin. Political thinkers in the first approach attempt that conquest system (defeating the Sultan of Islamic countries through military force) to justify and confirm their jurisprudence and security deployment Another main reason put this confirmation. Therefore, security and overcome is main essence of this theory, that is understood in a reciprocity. This article is to attempt the security speech considering ideas such as Nezam Al Mulk, Ghazali and Maverdi within framwork of Caliph- Sultan theory analyzed.

Safavids, according to their political and religious approaches, found out that it is necessary to have relation with the regional and extra-regional countries after establishment and consolidation of the government. They assigned different missions to their governmental agents in order to make connection with the extra-regional friends and to convey their political and military messages under war and peace. The agents continued to do their duties in the other countries in the figures of envoy, ambassador or Ilchi. They should have particular and considerable specifications to achieve their purposes and to do the assigned missions, favorably. The agent's characteristic and his outward appearance should be properly evaluated according to the destination and the mission type. The various conformation framework of diplomatic body should be pondered because of the variety and abundance of the envoys dispatched to different parts of the world in the long kingdom age of Safavids. The present paper attempts to assess the important factors that have been considered in selecting and dispatching the envoys. Moreover, comparative statistics are presented about the envoys of Safavids. Herein, the main question is concerned with the feature of envoys or ambassadors and the plan of their mission. Although the organizational structures were not constructed for the political relations in this era, the findings demonstrate that the envoys should have specific characteristics corresponding to their mission; moreover, they should observe the determined principles in the process of accomplishing the mission. It seems that they confronted to many difficulties in this matter.

Safavid rule is considered an outstanding era in Iranian history، In pre-Safavid era none of the governments declared Shiite as official religion of Iran، Shiite, being an official religion of Iran, necessitated implementation of Islamic legal rulings in the newly established Safavid dynasty، Present study, using descriptive-analytic method and taking advantage of library resources is an endeavor to investigate prisons and prisoners’ condition in this period، According to the documents and resources of this period, legal rules used for giving sentences to the prisoners were mostly based on customary laws، Customary courts played active role in issued prison sentences، There were no public prisons in the literal meaning of the word، However the prisons were classified according to social class of the prisoner،