نشریه علوم جغرافیایی
پیاپی 22 (بهار و تابستان 1394)

Increase of earth temperature due to different natural and human factors has caused broad changes in its climatic conditions, time and place of precipitation as well as other climatic elements. For studding and evaluation the temperature and precipitation changes of Bandar Abbas the related data to amount of temperature and precipitation of the station Bandar Abbas in the statistical period of time 1956-2005 AD was received from meteorological organization of country. Computations and analyses on mean, minimum, maximum of temperature and mean monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation have been done. Time section to study on this project is a 40 year period. By using the rank Man-Kendal method and rotation points (turning point) kind and time of changes are distinguished. The results earned from analyzing the data show that time start of most of changes are sudden and they were from each two kinds of procedure and variation and also amount of changes in September with 0/26 and summer with 0/23 are more relative to months and seasons.

Climatic elements have great effects on human lives . Heavy rain fall as on of these elements and direct or indirect effect on human communitiesIn this research , time and place models of heavy rainfall in the province of Gilan has been analyzed.In order to reach this goal a 30-yearold Statistics were used which were related to 107 climatic stations and 6 rain guage stations.Due to many lost data statistics , some of these stations were eliminated.Only 13 synoptic stations , 5 climatic stations and 6 rain recorder stations were used in this study . the days where rainfalls were over 30 millimeters were selected as days of heavy rainfalls. The research method ,In the first stage, yearly , monthly and decade patterns of these events were drafted in terms of GIS maps and their related graphs. In the second stage , the abundance of different levels of intensities of these data were cal culated .According to these facts the related maps were prepared , and drawn.This map demonstrates the stations that are situated in a particular level.

Landslide can be one of the effective factors in creating and transporting alluvial deposit to zakin dam in zakin watershed in Hormozgan province. The main purpose of this study are identifying and determining influenced parameters by Inedex overly map Process Inedex overly map in landslide risk zoning in upstream of zakin dam watershed. In this research, at the first, 9 effective factors were determined that include: slop, aspect, height, geology type material, land use, distance from dam, distance from fault, distance from stream, rainfall. After that data layers of factors were provided by Arc GIS 9.3 and weight of any factors were calculated with Inedex overly map Process. Then final map of landslide risk zoning was prepared with assimilating data layers map of parameters in GIS software in 5classes from very high risky area to very low risky area. the result show that lithology of shale and marl is major subset factor and another subset factorsas a distance from fault(500mililmeter), distance from stream (0-50m) , land use(marl field without any plant), height(1400-2000m), distance from dam (0-50m), aspect(south)are effective, Respectively inscatteringthe landslides of region. Very High risk area and high risk area have often been located adjacent to pastures and hills with steep slopes and moderate to high altitude. Topographical and land use changes resulting from the construction of dams and sediment transport for dam materials with lateral agents as watering of gardens in steep surfaces are very influence in creating and transporting of alluvial deposit to zakin dam and cause to increase landslide in region .result show that Inedex overly map Process method is superior than another method and has more a ccurate because of having more values and suitable classification and preventing direct interference of experts with giving weight that obtained by paired comparison of parameters in standard matrix.

Aim of this study is related to study the climate effects for urban residence developing in Tehran towards its suburb stations through the statistics model which Mehr Abad, Tehran Geophysics and Chitgar stations are considered as urban, suburb and rural stations, respectively. It was used from Man-Candle event test on season and annual minimum data for each of urban, suburb and rural stations to get significant value of temperature event and approximate years well. (With beginning of the variations) .Also, this method to be used on difference of season and annual minimum data for urban, suburb and rural stations which this analysis was involved only urban developing effects on temperature event. From statistic view, it was shown the heating importance in atmosphere of the urban regions and also the season behavior as name of Urban Heat Island event1, successfully. Results of Man-kendal test for seasonal and annual time series of minimum temperatures of all stations except Chitgar station indicated positive temperature trend with confident level of %0.95. Man-Kendal analyze indicated that time series of temperature differences of annual minimum between urban-rural stations (Tehran-Chitgar) and suburban- rural station ( Geophysic-Chitgar) have positive temperature trend with confident level %0.95. The season behavior of Urban Heat Island in Tehran-Chitgar stations is in summer and winter seasons and it is apparent at Geophysic-Chitgar stations in summer, autumn and after winter.

in our modern world of Rural major role in creating social, economic and environmental rural areas. In this paper the consequences of the implementation of the Rural District Ilam city targeting a ewe and finding appropriate answers to the questions. After several years of conducting the project in many villages in the country And such a city of Ilam village ewe effects on people's lives and what has been the development of rural areas? Analytical research method - application and documents to support field study and research have been. Community sample of 238 family caregivers of people living in a particular village ewe was randomly determined using Cochran's formula is a mathematical and help. Initial findings from research using spss software has been approved test show The greatest impact of the project in the context of residential buildings, roads and environmental problems in rural settlements has been reduced. Other results of this study show that despite the reduction in migration of rural - urban villages where the project is implemented But less attention to the implementation of the conductor due to the economic empowerment of indigenous people make positive changes in the area of rural settlements has not been studied.