فصلنامه آمایش محیط
پیاپی 24 (بهار 1393)

Urbanization has become the dominant way of life in our country and as a result of its expansion in the last half of the century, this method of life has created a lot of challenges and problems, among which is the formation of suburbs. This paper intends to identify the ways in which the population movement was affected during and after the war and how this led to the growth of immigration to the city of Ahwaz and the expansion of suburbs. The increasing concentration of population, especially the settlement of immigrants has led to numerous problems in recent years. This case study intends to identify the reasons which have led to the creation of Mallashieh, one of the suburbs of Ahwaz. Based on the results of this study, the war was one of the main factors which led to the expansion of suburbs and also the continuation of immigration to the great city of Ahwaz after 1981.This study is descriptive – analytical and questionnaire, library sources, GIS and SPSS software have been used to reach a conclusion. Based on the results of the study, the development of this area can be divided into three periods. The last two stages in which the maximum of growth has occurred, is related to the war and its effects on the settlers of the war – torn area. The results of this study show that the war had a main role in the formation and development of Mallashieh.

The center of the political, economic and cultural buildings in Iran is Tehran, where almost the entire city is on a fault and is at risk. Other problems such as over-population, vehicles, worn tissue, etc. cause environmental pollution and unsustainable city residents; therefore, city managers are too much worried. That has led them to think and provide strategies to solve problems, particularly in the context of environmental problems caused by the wear in the metropolis. This study aimed to evaluate the improvement of environmental awareness in Tehran of those who were worn tissue repair experts. Applied research and descriptive research methods have been deployed. The awareness of the seven aspects of the environment of these experts were attempted and the results are shown in this research. The concepts of environmental awareness of environmental experts were shown to have been satisfactory, but in other aspects they were recognized as unaware. Experts were found in various aspects to differ by gender. Knowledge also plays a significant role in the perception of these experts.

Residential satisfaction is one of the most important issues surrounding residential environment. Furthermore, due to the fact that this type of satisfaction is related to all parts of life, it can be considered as the highest level of life satisfaction. Hence, this paper has attempted to survey effective factors on residential satisfaction within two neighborhoods of the city of Rasht: KhahareEmam&Manzarieh (two different types of neighborhoods: traditional and modern) and compare the satisfaction of life in three levels: "neighborhoods, neighborhood unit and residential unit". In the theoretical literature of the paper as the main part, the concept of residential satisfaction, its assessment scale, the expert's opinions, etc are reviewed. The effective factors of residential satisfaction are resulted from expert's opinions and these criteria are compiled into a questionnaire which was filled out by local residents. Then the completed questionnaires were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis technique using SPSS software. So that qualitative criteria were converted to quantitative types. Finally, some strategies were selected according to the analysis and research findings to improve residential satisfaction. It should be noticed, however, that the guidelines and research findings are specifically for these two neighborhoods and according to Haryhans view, the effective factors of residential satisfaction in every neighborhood are relevant to the characteristics of its residents.

Today, to achieve the development and growth of appropriate area in every zone, the evaluation and analysis of the natural construct and human sources is necessary to settlement of everybody. In this study, by considering 12 natural and human variety criteria, to help the achievement of suitable development and by using AHP model, the zoning of area of the central section of Aras free zone was done to position the intended industries. The results of this study showed that appropriate areas for positioning industries include 2577 hectares of area under study. The AHP model was able to detect the appropriate and inappropriate zones that have the values of the programming. Therefore, in the rest of the study, the ARC MAP software was used in order to detect and separate the completely appropriate zones that have at least 200 hectares spaces, and by using VIKOR model and 8 effective criteria in locating the industries, the detected zones were at first recognized. The results show that the location of new industries in central section of Aras free zone is different from predicted locations in this study.

The occurrence of earthquake has caused a lot of damages to urban houses which is due to ignoring basic factors on housings vulnerability against earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to study and analysis of effective variations and determine the role of them in order to reduce vulnerability. In this research with taking consideration of effective variations such as; quality of buildings, age of building, kind of construction materials, accumulation of population and density, surface occupation of building along with other effective factors, their correlation has been investigated by the use of SPSS software. Findings of this research indicate that there is a meaningful relationship between vulnerability variations and other mentioned variations. Furthermore, in regression analysis, the amount of quality variations in comparison to other variations has been shown to weigh more; therefore, it has much more role in vulnerability. Consequently, the other variables such as the kind of building materials, oldness of the building, surface occupation of the building, and the accumulation of population have been located in the next level of weights.

The geographical sites of Iran have a wide range of potentials and capabilities which is beneficial to governmental policies which in turn may lead to discriminated development levels in different regions. In Kerman province, the difference in geographical areas, the vastness of the region, and the country divisions have all led to differing levels of development.In the present study, the attempt was made to investigate and assess the status of the communication technology accessibility of each one of the cities of Kerman province. This study was one of the quantitative – analytical and the applied approach for analyzing the elements of information technology in Kerman province which has deployed standard scoring, Vigstaph, Pacy, and Doursler's concentration scale. The results of the standard model demonstrated that the city of Kerman was at the first place having access to communication technology with the combination scale of 45.253; this city was at the overconcentration rate as the most communication technology concentrate in Kerman city. Yet the results of this study revealed that Rafsanjan (city) was located at the above concentration rate position, and at the mid-concentration rate position were the cities of Jiroft, Sirjan, Baam, Baaft, Zarand, Kahnouj, Shahrbabak, and Bardsir; Meanwhile at the underconcentration rate position were the cities of: Ravar, Anbarabad, Southern Roudbar, GhalehGanj, Manoujan, Rigan, Fahraj, Kouhbanan, Rabor, and Anar. According to the Vigstaph, Pacy, and Doursler's concentration scale, the most concentrated elements of communication technology was that of Kerman city and it was placed at the first city in rank and at the over-concentration rate with 8.94 score scale.

Life quality is a historical outcome of cultural, social, economic, and political systems and it cannot be explained in exclusion of these structures. So the concept of life quality level is a compound variable that depends on the developmental status of societies and the formulation and representation of life quality indices can be operationalization of life quality concept. Level evaluation of life quality either reflects the current condition of a certain community or a group of citizens, or mirrors the conditions of citizens and communities in the social base of city. This article, in order to recognize the life condition of the people of Vardavard locality of Tehran city, studies the level of life quality that finally leads to determine their life satisfaction level on the basis of effective indices. Since life quality indices are numerous, a set of features – such as liveliness and the identity of the locality, education, environmental condition, habitation, transportation, services accessibility, security, and economy– with their own subsets- have been determined as the proper indices for this certain locality, and a questionnaire has been developed according to these features. The sample size was determined as 200 persons by Kukran formula. The life quality in Vardavard locality has been analyzed by using software such as Minitab, Excel, SPSS (for tests such as simple weighted average, T-test, and correlation). Satisfaction from the general index of urban life quality and all of its 9 indices ranges from low to middle levels. And finally, the correlation coefficient indicates that there is a correlation between the life quality indices so as to the improvement of habitation conditions and services accessibility can help upgrade life quality level in Vardavard locality of Tehran city.

The uneven developments of metropolitan Tehran sprawl into peripheral areas resulting chaos and imbalance in natural, economical and social fields and spatial organization of these areas. Across the last three decades, the outcome and effects of imbalance interaction of Tehran in relation to its peripherals ahave resulted in bioenvironmental problems and rapid changes in economical function of villages, transformation of the valuable agricultural land from production form and unsustainable agriculture in the villages surrounding Tehran metropolitan. Thus, this study aimed to explain manner and the rate of agricultural land use changes and unsustainable agriculture and its relation to rural capacities and concentrated settlement policies in the villages surrounding Tehran metropolitan. The results of this study showed that a positive significant correlation was found between variables of rural capacity (number of services and structure), concentrated policies (rate of distributed loan and number of executed construction activities and rate of change in agricultural land uses. Also, a negative significant correlation was found between distance from Tehran metropolitan and cities surrounding it and rate of changes in agricultural land uses. According to this study, the most effective factors in changes of agricultural land uses and unsustainable agriculture were uneven development and metropolitan sprawl.