فصلنامه آمایش محیط
پیاپی 35 (زمستان 1395)

The main purpose of this research is determining indicators for evaluation of subjective quality of life in urban areas in Dogonbadan city. This is a descriptive-analysis study the data for which was collected through questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life by urban areas resident and through surveys studies.
The sample size was estimated utilizing Cohcran’s formula and with respect to The Maximum Heterogeneity(p=q=0.5) at 385 participants through quota sampling technique of seven urban areas in Dogonbadan city. The data analysis was conducted utilizing simple method to solving Fuzy ideal option. Furthermore, in order to recognize homogeneous groups in terms of level of satisfaction in urban areas in Dogonbadan city, cluster analysis method was used.
The results shows the district number five in all measures of quality of life, compared to the rest of the city, due to civil activities, better accommodation and high-income families affiliated to the financial support of the petroleum company is having a better situation. Furthermore, district number three as the old social fabric of the area and due to the lack of a common identity along with the second district , respectively, have the worst measures of quality of life.

Urban squares constantly were known as one of the effective urban spaces in ancient cities and also in Iran in which all types of citizen’s presence are observed in them. But, recently, due to entering cars in cities, they have missed previous meaning and have been transformed to traffic elements which are suppressed by vehicles. This issue causes ignorance of aesthetics elements in modern squares. Indeed, what is known as new urban square definitions has far distance by previous definition. With respect to this introduction, this paper aims to study influential factors of aesthetics in urban squares. Therefore, 3 squares of Hamadan which have significant differences by the measures of physical, cultural and social characteristics were selected. Research method is descriptive-analytic and spss software has been applied to perform ANOVA test. Results showed that predesign and socio-cultural factors significantly influence aesthetical citizen’s persecution of squares.

Wide land allocated to cities where land topography and geomorphology are made up of different units. Each of the cities which develops and expands deal with various issues related to their geomorphology and more costly. Because of the dynamic geomorphology and dynamics of the natural environment is always connected, any action related to urban development in line with the dynamics therefore crosses the geomorphological phenomena. In the context of this study, the spatial distribution service centers to geomorphologic units in Kerman city was evaluated. The results show that due to the natural position of Kerman almost all service centers at the surfaces are smooth with a slope of zero to 2% and only a limited number of commercial centers of convex surfaces with a slope of 8% and 100%, respectively. The results indicate that the extent of distribution service centers in Kerman seismic risk is not appropriated at all. So 23.1% of the training centers, 5.34% of health centers, 22.2% of administrative centers, 14% of commercial centers and 18.9% of the sports centers in areas with severe and very severe degradation were recognized. The results show that 50% of the training centers, 56%health centers and 4.57 of administrative centers, 2.62 of a percent of the commercial centers, and 3.70% sports centers are located in areas of subsidence. It should be noted that 34.5% of health centers and 23.1% training centers in areas with severe degradation and needs basic planning to deal with risks.

Investigation and analysis of applications and users, including urban green space per capita as one of the factors in the environment is current in urban planning. Poor distribution and lack of urban green space per capita, especially in large cities, is among the principal concerns.
Because of the importance of urban green space and its role in reducing pollution and social sustainability, this is one of the factors in the present study to examine this phenomenon in densely populated areas of Tehran Metropolis in the eighth district of Tehran. The research is descriptive-analytic and data analysis was done using descriptive statistics as well as ArcGIS. The results indicate the fact that regions with low per capita green space and urban green space are facing difficult distributions. Suggestions are made for locating and building new parks, including land acquisition, which has a relatively large scale and the detailed plan of development and urban renewal. Suggestions are made to convert the saved areas which are not allocated to any use yet to the development of parks. Furthermore, the areas remaining from the development of the Immam Ali highway to parks and green spaces would increase the equality.It can be converted to green space per capita to overcome the shortage of high-level per capita in the region and establishing social justice in urban planning to achieve one of the goals.

Knowledge-based city is a new concept in the new millennium. Although some signs of the concept of knowledge city can be traced to a decade ago, but it was since the begining of the twenty-first century that some cities around the world tended towards the concept of knowledg-based development. The present study reviews the role of new knowledge-based cities in enhancing national competitiveness in a new city named Andishe by using a descriptive- analytic approach. The results revolve around three main areas, i.e. knowledge-based, competitiveness, and modern developed. The multi-criteria decision analysis methodology (TOPSIS) was used to analyse the results. According to the findings resulted from TOPSIS, the sub-criterion “quality of life” for the advanced component, the sub-criterion “product factors” for the competitiveness component, and the sub-criterion “caring about the potential ability of citizens” for the knowledge-based, respectively, were the first three priorities. Thus, after integrating the sub-criteria, results show that “caring about the potential ability of citizens”, “high quality for life” and “access to information technology” are the first three priorities with 1, 0.377, and 0.324 respectively as their scores, and other sub-criteria, such as research activities, demand condititions, and trade networks are the last priorities, and their impact is less than other components.

The assessment of urban heat islands is considered as a key variable in the studies of environmental sciences because modeling the interactions of the land surface flux can best respond to many urban problems of modern societies.This study aimed to detect heat islands over Arak city and their clustering was done.For this purpose, the satellite images of Landsat 8 (OLI and TIRS) related to August for three consecutive years of 2013, 2014 and 2015 were taken from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Site.For the extraction of Urban Heat Islands (UHI) values of Land Surface Temperatures (LST), Moran's autocorrelation functions and hot spot analyses by MATLAB and Arc GIS capabilities were used.After land surface temperature (LST) calculation, hot and cold clusters of heat islands over Arak were extracted using the hot spot analysis index. To evaluate the factors affecting the formation and clustering of heat islands in Arak NDVI and NDBI indices were used. The results showed that there is a high correlation between the two parameters, vegetation and urban built areas with land surface temperature so that the vegetation index has moderated and urban built areas has exacerbated the heat islands over Arak city. Comparative assessment of urban heat islands led to the detection of two types of heat islands over Arak: Focal heat islands and the linear heat islands. Moran's spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that the land surface temperature has spatial structure in Arak; in other words, land surface temperature is distributed in clusters in Arak. Finally, analysis of hot spots is a clear confirmation on focus and clustering of heat islands over Arak by increasing the time period.

End viability, environmental pollution and fluctuations in the price of fossil fuels is causing turning to alternative sources. The use of sustainable energy, especially solar energy can be the best option for energy supply. The first step is to develop the use of solar energy and then locate potential survey areas where other plants have the situation. Mazandaran province has the potential to exploit solar energy. In this study, the criteria of sunshine, slope, distance from populated areas, away from roads, away from power lines, land use and limitations layer criteria is intended to locate the plant. In this study, the criteria of sunshine, slope, distance from populated areas, away from roads, away from power lines, land use and limitations layer criteria is intended to locate the plant. In general, finding the right place is of great importance in every field so that the whole range of research has focused on.
This research is a cross-sectional study to examine the issue of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and analytical network process (ANP) has been used. ANP is a multi-criteria decision-making techniques in a series of compensatory models which was used and all interactions and relationships between levels of decision-making at the network structure were used.
But since less network analysis to determine the final priority options were used more sophisticated methods such as TOPSIS technique was applied. After taking the required layers and reclassification, possible locations in the study area was determined. In order to evaluate the result of the three main factors topsis population, proximity to transmission lines and closeness were evaluated and examined. The evaluation indicated that TOPSIS high compliance with the above three criteria are ideal options. Finally, it was found that about 4771/960 square kilometers of area of the province is the suitable area to construct solar power plants.

Knowledge is the most valuable asset to have an advantage in the knowledge economy. Many cities worldwide present themselves as ‘knowledge cities’ and try to attract knowledge-based businesses and knowledge workers. Other cities are busy designing strategies and plans to become a knowledge city. In order to become a successful knowledge city, it is important to know what the main formal spatial and functional spatial requirements could be. The formal spatial requirements deal with the physical elements of the city. The functional spatial requirements are the amenities and activities that take place. Because of the placement of the communication path Tehran - Tabriz - Europe, a communication network, highway, rail, air and being located within a radius of 120 km from Tehran, industrial infrastructure of national and regional scale and potential industrial overflows Tehran, having relevant aspects of the cultural and historical tourist attractions, natural and ecotourism and numerous academic centers and office Excellence in physics... zanjan has conditions for attracting private investors and the city's creative class. In this study, two macro patterns for future development of the city are considered. After describing the patterns, they were scored based on AHP model. Finally macro desired pattern, then the pattern of future development (knowledge base) was introduced. A comprehensive review of the city showed this city has necessary conditions of foundation of knowledge city.