مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 43 (تابستان 1397)

Rivers, as one of the municipal elements and natural corridors, play an effective role in providing environmental resources. Therefore, investment on adjacent lands, and construction and development of and recreational gardens around them, not only has considerable environmental impact, but also has great economic effects. Despite of enjoying potential and actual facilities in terms of its geographical location, Hasanakdar village faces many limitations and bottlenecks in the development process from different points of view. Generally, in this village, inappropriate access to infrastructures, distribution and restrictions of natural resources, and finally, lack of effective economic performance in the region's economic system, have resulted in poverty and unemployment in socio-economic context. The aim of this study is to achieve environmental priorities and organizing Hasanakdar tourism with sustainable development strategy and to introduce accounting standards.In this study, in order to collect related documents and components, the descriptive method of analysis based on library and field research has been used and promoting environmental measures and settlement organization have been analyzed through Swat tables and Hierarchical AHP.
According to the results,organizing the settlements around the rivers and directing it towards a spatial order in rural pilot projects, can have lasting effects on reforming the context of rural settlements, and conduct them to lawful behavior.

Management and Planning of Metropolitan suburban due to the vastness of space and the effective variables multiplicity are facing complexity. Look the part in the absence of strategic documents and cohesive legal contexts which led to types of segregation converted to the serious problem and a huge obstacle in the way of the realization of integrated management of capital suburban and the realization of the strategy for the protection and sustainable development is subject to the elimination of segregation and the establishment of integrated management. The aim of this study was to identify and determine the segregation integrated management at all levels and aspects of capital suburban.
The study was functional and descriptivesurvey that was selected 201 respondents as population that was obtained based on Cochran formula and to identify aspects of integrated management were used of questionnaires that have been studied by enumerating 25 variables in five component of institutional, legal, policy, social and physical segregation. Results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the variables under study at the 95 percentage confidence level. As well as the direct impact of legal segregation component on framework was equal to 0.593, which shows that per unit change in legal segregation, the physical segregation will be changed to 0.593 units.

Village, the oldest form of human settlements and rural areas is one of the oldest forms of human social life. Attention to village and villagers in the world is very important. Rural life in Iran and establish a special form of human life and significant effects of the economic and social life, the system is more or less stable over the last centuries. The way of life in Iran is an important value. Because despite the decline in the rural population in the decades and centuries ago, according to the results of the 1390 census, 29 percent of the population still live in rural areas. In addition, a large portion of food, raw materials and some of the country's handicrafts is produced in rural areas. The purpose of this research is due to the heterogeneous spatial distribution of different facilities, in the city of Dezful There are different rural districts in a regional development plan to determine the amount of progress in terms rural districts of the city (health, welfare - Infrastructure and cultural and religious) to be paid and the image rural districts of the city in the facilities should be provided in order to attempt to guide the development potential of the city, in order to improve quality, in less developed rural districts in the city of Dezful, be done. This research method is descriptive - analytical.

The border towns of Baneh and Sardasht, located in two provinces of West Azerbaijan and Kurdistan, are dependent on the informal economy due to geographical and environmental characteristics and the backwardness of the formal economic sectors. Following the growth of this type of economy, commercial tourism has flourished in these cities and brought about changes. One of the main effects of this is the growth of travel to these two cities with the incentive to buy. In this research, the purpose of studying the positive and negative effects of tourism on the cities studied is based on the perceptions of experts living in these cities. According to the results of distributed questionnaires and their analysis with the AHP model, it has been determined that tourism in the economic dimension has increased the rental of goods, rent of houses and increased direct and indirect employment in relation to tourism. It also increased the population of the studied cities, reduced outbound immigration and increased immigration into the cities. Following these developments and the growth of tourism, somewhat increased the income of the people. Although, in general, the distribution of income from tourism has not been distributed among the population, it is possible to reduce the negative effects of tourism through the adoption of principled policies and appropriate programs in the field of tourism and add to its positive effects.

The impact of the geographic phenomena in absorption and excretion of human groups, the type and form of settlements, settlement sites and its displacement, utilization size of natural resources is abundant. This paper attempted to analyze the role of geographical phenomena in the formation, development and decline of the historic castles of Ardebil province. The research methodology based on the use of aerial and satellite images, the use of historical documents, systematic Surveys of the field and archaeological excavations.
The study results indicate that the geographic phenomena have important role in the formation and spatial distribution of historic castles of Ardebil province. Analysis of the castles spatial distribution and the interaction of Eco-political them together, brings this assumption to mind that the pattern of Eco-political interaction in Ardabil province’s castles have resembled the central place model. According to this model, the Qalla Khosru is central fortress and it’s surrounding smaller castles like Zino, Shyndyr shami, Kychyk Jordi, Sheitan Dashy and ... are its hinterland places.

Rural councils’ performances in various dimensions to a large extent depend on factors such as education, interest, social contexts and participation of rural people. It seems that size of rural settlements has impact on rural management performance. The present study aimes to investigate the rural management in small and large rural settlements and its differences and implications. The research method in this study is analytical and based on library studies, documents, preparation of theoretical framework, develop indicators and questionnaires and field work. For data analysis, SPSS and Expert Choice softwares were used. 334 questionnaires in 14 small and large rural areas were distributed. To compare the success of councils in large and small villages, Mann–Whitney test was used. For economic, social and environmental ranking, Expert Choice software was used. The results of the study show that first in all indices, councils’ success rates in large and small villages with a significance level, less than 0/05 (sig  0/05) indicate significant differences; Second, the results show that the in large villages, the highest rank is for economic performance and in small villages is for social performance.

Identifying resources and existing potentials, the first step is assessment each planning. Without specifying the sources, would not be possible to identify the parameters related to regional planning. This area can be a town or village or collection of the city and the village. Natural and human factors is a major barrier in developing regions, Given that natural factors are somewhat out of control, The human factor and human decisions are the most important factor in development. Human decisions can only guarantee growth and development of the status quo have sufficient knowledge of the region. Hence the present study the purpose of have been carried Feasibility Study of Civil coefficient of city village’s civil coefficient of heat using techniques. With regard to factors examined, the dominant approach in this research is descriptive analysis. Statistical population study is villages with more than 300 people, a Grammy city. Indicators of included is the demographic situation, health, Cultural and sports, education, enforcement, infrastructure, services and trade, communication and transportation. The results show that the village Ghareaghaj Civil down by a factor of 667/6 Civil coefficient of very high and village lekvan development coefficient of 108/0 with a very low coefficient of their civil. A total of 45 villages studied, of 18 villages civil coefficient the extremely low, Low of 20 village Civil coefficient of low, 6 village development coefficient high and 1 village of Civil coefficient is very high.

Climate information is important for tourists especially before and during the vacation period. In this regards, for evaluation the local and time conditions for climatourists in west regions of Iran (Lorestan, Kermanshah, Hamedan and Kurdistan provinces) used of TCI index and The climate variables of mean of temperature, mean of max of temperature, total of monthly of precipitation, mean of relative humidity, mean of min of relative humidity, mean of sunshine hours and mean of wind speed (km/h) during 15 years period (1990-2005). After analysis, the results showed that in most stations, May, June, July, September, October, November, have ideal conditions for tourism. Throughout the year, Sarepolezahab station has less favorable tourism conditions than other stations. Then, via GIS was prepared map of zoning of different months. The TCI coefficients zoning showed that in the cold seasons, in December and January, the entire research area did not have a favorable climate for tourism. Only a small part of the southern of Lorestan in February and March has good climate conditions. In May, the central part of Lorestan and small sections in the east and south of Kermanshah are ideal conditions for tourists in the warm seasons and in June, the northern of Kurdistan and the south-east of the Lorestan dominate the ideal conditions and in September, the largest area of the ideal situation prevails in the area that includes the northern Kurdistan and Hamedan. In October, only in the central part of the Lorestan is an ideal situation for tourism.

In recent decades, the world has observed fundamental changes in different domains. The rural field is among those fields which have received a lot of attention for developing infrastructures of ICT in Iran in recent decades. Therefore, in the present study, the performance of ICT offices in providing services to rural regions of Jiroft Township has been analyzed and investigated. The method employed in the present study is descriptive-analytical. It is an applied research in terms of objectives, and a case study in terms of population. To collect data, the two techniques of documentary studies and survey research were used. To complete the existing data, questionnaires were employed. The area of the study covers residents living in villages with ICT offices of Jiroft Township. Regarding 3434 households of these villages, the sample size was evaluated as 294 participants according to Cochran formula. To analyze data in the descriptive part, frequency tables, percentage, scores, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation; and in inferential analysis, t-test and multivariate regression were used and calculations were conducted via SPSS software. Findings of TPI and one sample t-test indicated that from investigated dimensions performances of ITC offices have not had appropriate performances except in in post-bank services. The reasons can be unfamiliarity of villagers with different internet services, lowness of internet speed, and insufficiency of required equipment in those offices. Finally, results of multivariate regression indicated that the education level, the degree of familiarity with computers, and income significant correlations with proper uses of ICT

Qazvin is among the prone cities that doesn’t have a far distance to its prosperity of creativity. Therefore, this research tries to analyze the indicators of creative city in triple region of Qazvin by the 3 proposed hypotheses in the research using descriptive-analytical method and benefiting from secondary data, preparing questionnaire of citizens, Topsis model, AHP model and Spss software. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis that was based on the principle that creativity results in triple regions are different to each other is confirmed using the performed test of proposed hypothesis. The second hypothesis measured the correlation between urban creativity and open and collective spaces via Spearman test and was confirmed with a high weight. Finally, the significance of the Third hypothesis can be rejected using the obtained results by Topsis technique. Finally, among the three proposed hypotheses, 2 are confirmed and 1 is rejected. In the end, it can be concluded that the city of Qazvin city's ability to achieve creativity. Although since 1392 the process has stagnated.

Nowdays the cities, with service imbalances, so that the instability resulting from this uneven development growth as a spatial-social imbalances manifestations of urban poverty, housing and informal employment, poor local governance and pollution has been appeared. Therefore, according to the concepts of spatial and social justice and resolve social inequalities, economic, reducing the vulnerability of low-income classes, the optimal distribution services, according to the basic needs of citizens in urban areas is vital issue and inevitable. urban land use items that their optimal performance through meet the needs of the population and rising public interest, role and status plays an important part in establishment of social justice and spatial. For this purpose this research, with review and evaluation of urban land use with spatial justice Approach in the city of Zanjan, is seeks to identify the status quo. This article, in terms of purpose, practical approach and concerning the method is descriptive- analytical. After describing the concepts with methodology of library, by taking two most important indicators in land and by using software ArcGIS, on the average nearest neighbor model framework,entropi and per capita and optimal area, urban land use in city of Zanjan is to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the research show that the distribution and organization of service utilities in city are concentrated and with spatial imbalance.The Analysis of Urban Landuse with capacity index and social justice index there is a great deal of quantitative and qualitative disparity in the three regions of Zanjan City.

The imapact of cities in the national and international arena has increased in recent years and Local governments have faced with chalanges related to new technology, Knowledge economy, cultural variety and environmental. In order to creation of learning cities is undeniable as a convenient place for life long learning and ideal placement for educating of citizens. It promises realization of creative cities which bu relying on sustainable power of creativity, provides knowledge-based citizens participation and lifelong knowledge creation. Therefore it will be possible to achive sustainable city, with relying on this interconnectedness and combination of continuous knowledge of learning city and creativity of creative city. The purpose of reaserch is to investigate of relationship between the indicators of learning city and creative city in Rasht city. Th e research method is descriptive-analytical, correlation and gathering method is surveying. The statistical society is exports of Rasht offices. Sample size is determined 367 via Morgan´s table and sampling method is snowball sampling.It is used Spearman´s and multiple regression for the analyssiss of hypothesis. Results show there is a significant statistical relationship between the indicators of learning city and creative city(P < 0/01).Therefore it will be possible to achive sustainable cities by learning and increasing the creativity of citizens.

In terms of realization of sustainable tourism, substrates required that is the most important indicator of social security. Indicator of social security in the villages of tourism cause to attract tourist and sustainability this concept will be in the rural community. So this indicator should greatly is established in the rural community and be provide its necessary framework. This research, the purpose is to identify and analyze of social security in the villages of tourism target in the Isfahan province in order to help to development of tourism by identifying the present status. The research method is descriptive-analytic based on a survey study by questionnair. The population of this research make tourists entered the village. That due to the lack of accurate statistics in terms of the population under study and due to limitations in terms of questioning, the number of 250 tourists were determined for the questioning. The results of the statistical test showed that five-variables personal security, financial security, physical perimeter security, moral security police security with the significance level of 0.000 in good condition, three variables communications-transport security, health security, interaction and communication variable with significantly higher of 0.05 in the middle condition and two variables institutional-political security and mental-intellectual security of tourists with a significance of less than 0.05 are in poor condition. Model review shows that social security in the tourism development be impacted with amount of total effect 0.688. In total, social security explain about 45 precent of the tourism variance in target villages.

Physical development of Kamyaran city and how it deals with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and development of Kamyaran and regarding these factors provide an appropriate model for the future development of the city. The method is descriptive – analytical. This study has used field observation, aerial photos, satellite imagery (Landsat) and DEM 27 meters, to extract much of the information and maps in the GIS software. Data sets were examined and analyzed in Analytical Hierarchy Model. According to the results, almost 33% of the Kamyaran current limits were built in areas with optimal fit. Lands with the proportion of medium and low fitness, respectively, are next in priority. Constructed parts of the city on the foothills and their surrounding areas, around river and creeks, all together show the ignorance of natural factors. The reason for this situation further is due to the willing of land owners and the interests of early migrants to settle beside the routes that head to their migration origin. Finally, it should be noted that based on the analysis of hierarchical model, within 34 square kilometers buffer around the city, nearly 29 percent of its area, has high and very high proportion for development, which are located in the Northeast, Northwest, West and Southwest of the current position of Kamyaran city.

The rural plan, organized the first national comprehensive effort for the organizing of villages, rural development is the most important management tool. Rural Guide Plan including rural development projects that can have a fundamental role in the integrated development of rural areas.The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of its role in rural development plan and the rural areas of the central city is of Ize. The research method is descriptive - analytical, and gather information for library and field has been made. Inventory research tool, inhabitants of rural households have a plan whose validity was confirmed by a number of experts to measure the reliability of the questionnaire Krvnbakhbh alpha coefficient (0.85) was used.The study population, the inhabitants of seven villages of the central city Ize (3466 households) more than 10 years has elapsed Guidance Plans are in Cochran based on sampling, sample size was estimated at 346. Spss software for data analysis has also been used. The results of this study indicate that the average of the two dimensions (physical and social)The best performance in comparison to the economic and environmental dimension.