فصلنامه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی زابل
سال هفتم شماره 1 (بهار 1394)

Reservoirs and lakes Supply sufficient water for various purpose such as drinking، industry and agriculture. These types of water exposed constantly to variety of pollution. Due to the critical situation of these resources and the lack of previous Studies، in this research concentration of chromium، cadmium، zinc، copper، Nickel، lead، iron and manganese in vertical profile of chahnimeh’s water (no. 3) were investigated. Materials: The Cross - sectional research was performed from April to October 2012 on water of chahnimeh (no. 3) sabot. For this purpose 96 samples were collected from the depths 1، 3، 5، 7، 9، 11، 13، 15 meters and concentration of heavy metals measured by atomic absorption. The results were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and ANOVA test with regard to the significance level P < 0. 05. The average concentration of heavy metals was 0. 098، 0. 05، 0. 04، 0. 04، 0. 013، 0. 006، 0. 002 and zero mg/l for Nickel، zinc، iron، copper، chromium، lead، manganese and cadmium، respectively. In comparison of results with ISIRI recomendatins are concluded that concentration of all heavy metals except Nickel were acceptable. Significant correlation (P < 0. 05) was not observed between the concentration of heavy metals and depths. The results indicated that no significant heavy metals pollutions in the reservoir were available.

Nurses as the largest and important human resource، have an important role in efficacy of health care organization and health promotion. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and job performance among nurses working in Hospital of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2013. In this cross-sectional study 160 nurses were recruited to study by convenience sampling method. Data was collected with two questionnaires (spiritual health by Palutzian & Ellison and job performance by Peterson). Reliability of the questionnaires was determined using Cronbach''s alpha. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and independent t-test by SPSS 16 software. The mean score for the spiritual health of the study participants was (78 ± 0. 37). 90% of participants had high spiritual health and 10% had medium spiritual health. The mean score of job performance was (27 ± 0. 35). Pearson correlation test results showed that the increasing spiritual health of nurses is associated with increasing their job performance (r = 0. 49، P < 0. 001). According to relationship between spiritual health and nurse’s job performance، planning to evaluation and promotion of spiritual health of nurses، by nursing managers and Planners of Nursing Education could be useful.

There is conclusive scientific evidence of the adverse effect of excessive dietary salt consumption on health، particularly on blood pressure، leading to cardiovascular disease، gastric cancer، osteoporosis، cataracts، kidney stones، diabetes and obesity. Regarding the crucial role of women in feeding the family، we investigated effectiveness of education on salt intake behavior of rural women in Chabahar applying theory of planned behavior. Rural Native Chabahar women (n = 152)، ages 12 - 75 years old، were selected by multistage sampling. Baseline and post-intervention measures of TPB variables، knowledge and behavior were collected via questionnaire. Bivariate correlations، paired and independent T tests and stepwise regression analyses of TBP model were performed with SPSS software. There were significant changes in salt intake reduction intention، subjective norms، perceived behavioral control and behavior. Changes in attitudes toward salt intake reduction were not significant. Findings from this study suggest that educational intervention based on theory of planned behavior can be effective in reducing salt intake of rural women of chabahar both when cooking and when eating food.

Acanthamoeba is one of the most common amoeba protozoa in environment that causes human chronic diseases including amoebic keratitis and rare، deadly disease granulomatus amoebic encephalitis (GAE). The aim of this study is identification of acanthamoeba in pools water and ponds of squares in Sistan by PCR In this descriptive study 93 samples of pools water and ponds of squares in Sistan area (Zabul، Zahak، Hirmand، Hamoon and Nimrouz) were collected in the first half of 2014. Samples were filtered through 0. 45μ paper filters of nitrocellulose and they were cultured in non-nutrient agar medium%1. 5 enriched with heat killed cultured bacteria Escherichia coli. Positive cultures of free living amoebas were evaluated by PCR method. Out of 93% of collected water in Sistan cities، 82 samples (88. 17%) in medium were affected by free living amoebas that 39 samples of acanthamoeba genotype identified by using specialized primers. Also frequency of acanthamoeba in all of samples determined about 47. 56%. The results showed that high acanthamoeba epidemic in pools water and ponds of squares is Sistan area can be risk factor for people، particularly children with inefficient immune system. Therefore، more attention of doctors to determine infection types and public authorities to train and prevent infection of water resources is recommended.

Employees are an important resource for any organization and the organizations success can be obtained through continuous learning efforts by the staff and creating and applying knowledge. Therefore، the present study aimed to study the relationship between Organizational Learning and Organizational Success.

This was a descriptive cross sectional study and the research population consisted of medical schools staff in Kerman. Because of the small size of population، all employees (n = 300) were examined in 2013. Data was collected using two questionnaires whose validity and reliability (Cronbach''s Alpha= 0/09) was confirmed. Data analysis was conducted through SPSS 18 software.

According to the results، Organizational Success and the Organizational Learning in the schools under study were at an undesirable level. Therefore، Due to the sensitive and effective role of Universities in the development of social، economic and cultural development، one should make it possible to observe all organizational learning components to achieve success and better performance of universities.

Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder. Research on LBP in adolescents is of great value، as it seems to be a major contributing factor for LBP in adulthood. The study objectives were to compare thoracic kyphosis، lumbar lordosis، length of hamstring and lumbar spine range of motion in 15-17 year old female students with and without non-specific low back pain in Rasht. Firstly، during a screening of the 400 students، 30 patients with nonspecific low back pain using a questionnaire with 30 healthy controls were selected and matched، in terms of the variables were compared. Hart and Rose test for the assessment of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. Sit and reach and leg raise tests were used to assess for trunk and hamstring flexibility، and for the assessment of lumbar spine range of motion of modified-modified Schober test were used. For analysis of data of statistical independent t-test was used. Tests indicate، kyphosis and lordosis are greater، and the hamstring muscles lenght in left leg are lower in patients compared to healthy controls (P < 0. 05). It seems that in order to prevent non-specific low back pain students must the hamstring muscle length، kyphosis and lordosis noted.

In spite of great medical advances in treatment of heart diseases، these diseases، particularly myocardial infarction is one of main causes of death in world. Blood lipids decreasing play an important role in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular and increasing longevity. Due to the adverse effects of lipid-lowering drugs، it would be useful to find plants with similar properties. This study was designed to observe effect of alcoholic extract of purple potatoes on the blood lipid profile. In this method، 50 female Wistar laboratory rats، weighing 160 to 180g، were used. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: The received normal diet (control group)، the received hypercholesterolemic diet (containing 1% cholesterol) and saline (placebo). The received hypercholesterolemic diet and 50 mg/kg of body weight of potato extract (third proup)، and received hypercholesterolemic diet and 100 mg/kg of potato extract (fourth group) and received hypercholesterolemic diet and 200 mg/kg of potato extract (fifth group). The animals were injectedintraperitoneally for 20 days (14 - 15). Then blood samples were collected from orbital sinus of eyes، using capillary tube. Finally the eyes were washed using saline. The serum lipid profile (cholesterol، triglycerides، LDL، HDL، VLDL، CHO/HDL، TG/HDL and LDL/HDL for each group were measured and compared، using One Way ANOVA AND Tukey tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered as significant different. The results showed that the purple potato extract was able to reduce significant amounts of cholesterol، triglycerides، LDL، VLDL ratio of TG/HDL and LDL/HDL (P < 0. 05). Levels of HDL increased، but the increasing was not significant. The purple potatoes extract can reduce the amount of cholesterol، triglycerides، LDL، VLDL

To examine the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and antenatal education for the prevention of postpartum depression (PPD) in «at risk» women. this study was an experimental with pre-test post-test. The subjects were invited to research from three health care centers in zabol (IRAN). In this study 30 depressed pregnant women who met the entrance criteria were selected. Women divided three groups consisted of 10 women in each group. First group participated in 8 sessions based on cognitive behavior therapy، second group participated in 8 sessions based on antenatal education intervention and third group used only routine health care center were selected as control group. The depression was evaluated in three times، before and after intervention and then between 2 weeks or 2 months after delivery by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The data was analyzed using ANOVA and scheffe. this study was an experimental with pre-test post-test. The subjects were invited to research from three health care centers in zabol (IRAN). In this study 30 depressed pregnant women who met the entrance criteria were selected. Women divided three groups consisted of 10 women in each group. First group participated in 8 sessions based on cognitive behavior therapy، second group participated in 8 sessions based on antenatal education intervention and third group used only routine health care center were selected as control group. The depression was evaluated in three times، before and after intervention and then between 2 weeks or 2 months after delivery by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The data was analyzed using ANOVA and scheffe. For women with prenatal depression cognitive behavior therapy is a better option than antenatal education and routine care، leading to clinically significant reduction of symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum.

Caesarean section، exiting the fetus، placenta and membranes through an incision of the abdomen and uterine wall shed. According to WHO، cesarean rates in in each region should not to go beyond 15 percent cesarean rates in recent decades has increased in most countries. The rate in the Country Iran is increasing، so that، according to the Ministry of Health in the country is 44%، which is a high figure. This study aimed to Prevalence and Causes of Cesarean Section in the hospital of Amir Al Momenin in Zabol city. This study is a descriptive study in the hospital of Amir Al Momenin in Zabol city during 1390 and 1391 was performed. The records related to the total deliveries during these years that records relating to a cesarean delivery is chosen، based on the research objectives، the information in this document was collected. Results showed that during these years، 2/25 percent by cesarean section was performed in 90، 93/30% of elective and 07/69% on an emergency basis، and in 91، 75/22% to elective and 24/77% to the emergency. The most common reason for cesarean section in 90 years، previous cesarean (4/45%) and the second leading cause of fetal distress (16%)، and in 91 years، the previous cesarean (6/51%) and the second leading cause of fetal distress (9/11%) had been. The most common reason for cesarean section in 90 years، previous cesarean (4/45%) and the second cause fetal distress (16%)، and in 91 years، the previous cesarean (6/51%) and the second cause fetal distress (9/11%) had been. In the present study، a high rate of cesarean section compared to international statistics. It is needed to provide the necessary education and increase awareness towards complications of cesarean to reduce it.