نشریه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی
سال سوم شماره 16 (بهار 1390)

Entrepreneurship is a dynamic process including vision, change, transformation and creativity. This process needs application of power and incentives to create and implement new ideas and practical solutions. The purpose of this study was to analysis effective contexts of agriculture student's entrepreneurial willing at the faculty of agriculture, Razi University. Statistical population was 310 male students, and sample size was 168 students, that was selected thrangh Bartlett table. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by academic staff of the Agricultural Education an Extension Department at Razi University. Alpha coefficient obtained α= 0/81 for the questionnaire. SPSS was applied to data process. Results obtained indicated that in the students view, psychological, educational and extracurricular factors had the most effective role in developing students entrepreneurial willing. Correlation analysis showed significant correlation between educational and psychological educational and extracurricular at P= 0. 01 level.

Nowadays، the concept of entrepreneurship is given special importance، so that beingconsidered as the engine of the economy and culture change. Development of entrepreneurial culture and support for entrepreneurs and job creation in the agricultural sector seems to be necessary. This necessity is more in agricultural higher education. The purpose of this study was investigating barriers to enhance entrepreneurship in Zanjan agricultural higher education. A descriptive–correlation survey approach was used in this study. Research population consisted of 140 agricultural graduated students in Agricultural Faculty of Zanjan University. The research questionnaire contained of five sections that were developed by researchers. Data collected were analyzed using Excel and SPSS Win16. The results showed that lack of adequate government support، limited financial ability to provide graduates employment arrangements in the agricultural sector and lack of efficiency in universities to educate entrepreneur graduates are the main barriers to employment of agricultural graduates. Factor analysis، showed entrepreneurship in agricultural higher education were reduced to five main factors. These five factors including: unsuitable selection and training methods، inappropriate content and educational planning، communication barriers، lack of entrepreneurial training courses، and books on agriculture، and poor assessment and instructional programs، that together could explain 44. 53 percent of the variance in barriers to strengthen entrepreneurship in the agricultural college.

Identifying educational needs of university instructors is an important step in planning forquality improvement of academic staff. The purpose of this research is to identify educational needs of instructors of Art and Culture in Comprehensive Scientific-Applied University of Tehran Branch، to enhance effectiveness and efficiency of education. Statistical population included students and academic staff of university. Using cluster random sampling، a number of 356 students and 212 academic stolt were selected as sample population. Instrument for this survey study was designed based on review of the literature، guidelines and regulations. Such indicators as need for training research methods، teaching methods، general skills، computer and information technology، English language skills and communication skills were recognized. One-Sample t-test and Friedman Test were used to analyze the data by use of SPSS software. The study revealed that there was a difference between the needs of students، and instructors، Priorities from the perspective of instructors in training are: English language skills، communication skills، methodology skills، teaching methods skills and computer knowledge skills. However، from the perspective of the students، educational priorities included: communication skills، teaching skills، computer skills، methodology and skills in English.

Lack of attention to theoretical and practical knowledge of ergonomics is essential forthe ergonomic research. In this study، a model was designed to support knowledgebasedtheory of guiding and evaluating the processes of developing ergonomic interventions in Yazd Agricultural Education Centre. Results of the Total (micro and macro) ergonomic interventions have shown positive effects of the application of this knowledge on the improvement of Education Centre’s management. So، it became clear by reviewing the financial and non-financial statements that as compared to the initial (base) year، t application of the present model has caused a decrease in the costs and increase in revenue with less expansion of work load on the manpower. Morgan''s Table was utilized to select the sample treatments. On the other hand، by using simple and random sampling with the sample size of 77 (N1 = 94) and 133 (N2 = 200) persons for the control and sample populations، respectively، the amount of musculoskeletaldisorderswas also investigated. Analysis of the questionnaire data of body mapping throughχ2-test has demonstrated a significant difference (P= 0. 01) between several dimensions of the quality control and sample population. Therefore، the degree of discomfort for qualitative dimensions was more in the control population as compared to the sample population، which indicates the positive impact of total ergonomic interventions in improving the management and reducing the musculoskeletal disorders in the Yazd Agricultural Education Centres.

Agricultural biotechnology has been highlighted as having the potential to contribute tothe food security and poverty alleviation goals. Although، in implementation it demandssome requirements it may faces with several challenges. This study was conducted toidentify challenges and requirements of biotechnology education in agricultural sector. The research population included all the experts in Agricultural Jihad Organization ofQazvin Province and in Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute in Karaj (N=90). Because of the small population، a census study was conducted. Using factor analysis،the challenges and requirements have been classified into four factors (educational planning، financial resources، executional and institutional factors) and five factors (educational methods، development of human resources، economic، planning andassessment and educational facilities) respectively.

The main purpose of this study was to explore factors affecting student mentalreadiness to enter to agricultural production field after their graduation. Statisticalpopulation was 440 junior and senior under graduate students and 422 graduate studentsat the University-college of agriculture and Natural resources of Tehran University. Using Cochran formula sample size was consisted of 93 under graduate students and 86graduate students. A stratified proportional sampling method based on the major wasapplied. Results showed that 96. 8 percent of under graduate student and 77. 8 percent of graduate students were urban and 65. 2 percent of under graduate student and 57 percent of graduate students had no direct practical agricultural experience. Given the under graduate student regression analysis three variables including: students attitude toward agriculture profession، social status، students’ perception about the direct efficiency of improving farmers performance and their total average explained 44 percent of the dependent variable students’ mental readiness for entrance in agricultural field. Given master students’ viewpoints، regression analysis showed that two variable including: Students attitude toward agricultural profession social status and students’ perceptionabout the direct efficiency in improving farmers performance were explained 51 percentof dependent variable’s variance.

The main objective of this survey research was to analyze factors affectingentrepreneurship development. Statistical population of the study consisted ofagricultural graduates in the west of Iran (N=3117) out of which n=253 graduates wereselected as sample using Cochran formula and proportionate stratified sampling technique. Data were collected by a questionnaire developed for the study and were analyzed by SPSS win18 and LISREL. Validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts. In order to measure reliability of the questionnaire، Cronbach Alpha coefficient was calculated (α=0. 91). Results of prioritizing factors affecting entrepreneurship development showed that the two most important factors were state support of entrepreneurship development projects، and skills and expertise in business. To identify the components of factors affecting entrepreneurship development، discovery factor analysis was applies، In addition in order to investigate the fitting indexs surpasses model، confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations modelling was used. Results showed that factors affecting are formed in five factors including: support، education-university، skill، individual-psychological، information–communication factors.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the faculty members and graduatestudents'' view points on mechanisms of applying blended learning system of Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculties in Khuzestan Province. The statistical population of the study consist of 159 academic staff and 656 graduate students of the mentioned universities، out of which 72 faculty members and 250 graduate students were selected as sample using simple random sampling. A planned questionnaire was used as the main instrument to collect the data. Content validity of the questionnaire was approved through specialists and experts viewpoints in the field of Agricultural Extension and Education in the University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources، University of Tehran. Reliability of the questionnaire was approved by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (α=0/93). Finding indicated that the most important mechanisms of applying blended learning system from the faculty members’ view point were easy and fast access to internet informative resources، improving information and communication utilities، incentives. From the graduate students’ view point were improving information and communication equipments، easy and fast access on internet informative resources، management and educational planning administration support from blended learning periods more the most important factors in applying blended leaning system. Factor analysis showed that four factors; infrastructure، incentive، informative and supportive explained 71/12 percent of the variance of faculty members’ view points on mechanisms of applying blended learning system and four factors; administrative، supportive، educational and political explained 79/81 percent of variance of graduate students'' view points on Mechanisms of applying blended learning system.