نشریه پژوهش در مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی
پیاپی 1 (بهار و تابستان 1390)

The purpose of present research was to answer to this question that how attentional instructions and increasing frequency of movement impress on relative phase stability in coordination bimanual movements? Participants (N=14) practiced in phase and anti phase under internal and external attention and increasing frequency. In acquisition phase apply external v. internal attention and after each trial KP were given to subjects. On delayed retention test no render specific instruction. The results revealed that no difference between internal and external attention about affect on phase stability on in phase and anti phase patterns. Also increase frequency of movement lead to higher variability in anti phase and higher stability on in phase.

Physical Self Concept can be affected from interventions such as sport and exercise training. So in order to enhancing the person`s physical characteristics perception and creation the partnership motivation in physical activity, it is important to know a bout the way of affecting this methods of training. this study was designed to evaluate the effect of a progressive resistance training program on the physical self concept and body function of boys with cerebral palsy. Sixteen students [mean age 16.05 years (SD 1.2)] with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy were randomly divided in control (7) and experimental (9) groups. Participants in the experimental group completed a progressive resistance-training program (8 week) using three exercises to strengthen the major support muscles of lower limbs. Pre and post intervention, the physical self- concept was measured by the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, and body function was measured by the balance test, walking test, stair test, and strength tests of Ankle plantar flexors, Knee extensors, Hip extensors. The data was analyzed via repeated measures and independent T-test. overall, the body function of experimental group showed a significant changes in balance test, walking test, stair test, and strength tests of Ankle plantar flexors, Knee extensors, Hip extensors (p<0/05). But, difference between the pre test and post test averages of the experimental group in global physical self concept and their subscales was not significant (p>0/05). in order to change in physical self concept via physical activity, it is crucial to control the factors such as period of training, training context, intention of subjects and etc.

Emotional intelligence is the main factor for predicting individual performance and also it is known as the most important force for leading and success. The aim of this research was the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and psycological skills in female athletes student at Shahrood University of Technology. The sample consists of 40 athletes, selected on the base of purposive sampling. To collect data T. Bradberry & J. Greaves emotional intelligence andOMCET-3 inventory was used. Collective data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and correlation between parameters (P<0/05). The results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between emotional intelligence and self-confidence, relax, reinforcement, re- concentration. They also show that there is apositive significant relationship between self–management component and skills self-confidence, controling the stress, relax, controling the fear, concentration and re-concentration. The finding also indicated a positive significant relationship between socialawareness and relationship-management and skills of self-confidence and relax respectivily.

The purpose of present study was investigation of the effect of attention direction variation by instructional self-talk on performance and learning of Basketball free throw. Therefore, 33 novice female students (mean of the age=22 yr.) who had intermediate trait anxiety were selected randomly. The participants were assigned to 3 matched groups according to pretest. The self-talk with internal and external focus groups repeated the words “wrist” and “center of ring”, respectively, before each free throw during 6 sessions (2 blocks of 10 trials in each session). Control group performed the free throws without self-talk. Retention test was performed 48 hours after the acquisition phase and transfer test was done after that with spectators. In each test, throw accuracy was measured by a 5-point scale. Results of mix 2-factor and one-way ANOVA did not indicate significant differences between acquisition, retention, and transfer groups (p>.05), but the within subjects effect of external focus of attention on transfer was significant (p<.05). Therefore, it seems use of self-talk and its attentional focus variation is not necessary for novice Basketball players.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational structure and innovation of staff experts of physical education organization. Statistical population was all of staff experts of Physical Education Organization (n=320), which hence, 160 subjects were selected randomly. For collecting research data, personal information Questionnaire, Robin’s standardized Organizational Structure Questionnaire (1987) and Patched and Feiffer’s standardized innovation questionnaire were used. Content validity of Questionnaires was confirmed by experts and internal consistency for innovation questionnaire and Structure Questionnaire was reported 0.73 and 0.78 orderly. The analyzing of data showed that that there was a significant relationship between organizational structure and innovation of staff experts (p= 0/011). There was no significant relationship between complexity and innovation of staff experts (p=0/053). There was a significant relationship between organizational formalization and innovation of staff experts (p= 0 /000). There was a significant relationship between organizational centralization and innovation of staff experts, (p=0/020). There is a significant relationship between the levels of education and innovation of staff experts. The result demonstrated that components of centralization and formalization are an inverse relationship with innovation and gender and service background have not a relation with staff expert’s selection and preference.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between leadership styles (transformational, transactional and non-leadership) of school administrators and commitment of P.E teachers in Hamedan province. The Statistical population consisted of school administrators (N=110) and physical educators (N=200) in Hamedan province. Statistical sample was equal to statistical population in this study (95 administrators, and 164 physical educators). Multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ) and Non-leadership. Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ Allen and Meyer) was used. Internal validity of the questionnaire was measured and values of 0.76 and 0.78 were gained respectively. For analysis of data, the following statistical methods were used: Kolmogrov- Smirnov, Spearman correlation and Kendal coefficients at level p≤ 0/05. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between of transformational, and transactional leadership styles and affective, normative and continuance commitment. Moreover, the highest relationship between transformational and transactional styles was in normative (r=0/48) and continuance commitment (r=0/40). However, there was not significant relationship between non-leadership style and affective, normative and continuance commitment. Administers of schools can use transformational and transactional leadership styles for maintain and increase of organizational commitment.

The purpose of this study was to consider the impact of social capital among youth sport consumption (spectating). This study used survey & cross-sectional method. The data gathered from 385 youths whom selected via stratified sampling and then random sampling from 20 to 30 years old youth in 3 zone of Yazd city. The collection instrument of data was social capital questionnaire designed. Cronbach Alpha test r=0.77 questionnaire has been calculated. The correlation resultshowed significant relation between social capital and sport consumption (r=0.229; p<0.01). Also significant difference between response with different level social capital and sport consumption way various media radio (p<0.05) and newspaper and magazine(p<0.05). The hierarchical multiple regression analysis results showed two studied variables, sex and income, in the first place and social participation and social interaction in the second place explained 11.9 and 6.6 percent of variable variance of youth sport consumption.