نشریه رویش روان شناسی
سال هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 34، فروردین 1398)

Spirituality as one of the main dimensions of health has an influential role in spiritual health. Spiritual/religious perfectionism, recently has conceptualized as a type of perfectionism by Besharat (2017, 2018), is one of the determinants of spiritual health. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of spiritual/religious perfectionism in psychological health and disorder. Two hundred and thirty four individuals (126 men, 108 women) living in Tehran participated in this study, voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS), Ego Strength Scale (ESS), Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). The results revealed a significant positive correlation with measures of ego strength and psychological well-being, as well as a significant negative correlation with psychological distress, and measures of depression and anxiety symptoms. Results of regression analyses revealed that 70% of variance of the research variables explained by spiritual/religious perfectionism with largest portion for the ego strength. It can be concluded that spiritual/religious perfectionism is one of the determinants of psychological health, meanwhile playing a preventive role in psychological disorder.

Social networks are one of the most popular branches of virtual networks that can have a great impact on people's personal and social life. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of loneliness and personality characteristics in university students' dependence on social networks. The method of this research was of correlational type and sampling method was proportionate stratified sampling. A sample of 275 students studying in Islamic Azad University of Yazd in the academic year of 93-94 was enrolled. Data was collected using the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, Loneliness Scale of Russell and modified version of Young's Internet Addiction Scale. Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation and regression analysis. Pearson correlation coefficients show that there is a significant relationship between the variables of loneliness, extroversion, neuroticism and conscientiousness with dependence on social networks. Although, regression analysis results showed that loneliness, extroversion and neuroticism predict the extent of dependence on social networks.

The aim of this study was to survey the relationship between components of love and marital satisfaction among married students of Male & Female. Population include all married students Azad university of Andimeshk city in 2016. 100 student (50 Male - 50 Female) were chosen by simple random method .Instruments were Enrich’s marital satisfaction questionnaire and Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale. Descriptive statistics, pearson’s correlation coefficient and t test were used to analysis of the data. Result showed there is positive and significant relationship between components of love and marital satisfaction and component of Intimacy have the most correlation with marital satisfaction(p=0/001),(r=0/780). Also was not showed satisfaction difference between male and female in marital satisfaction, Intimacy and Commitment (p<0/001). but found satisfaction difference between male and female in components of love and Passion (p<0/001), Fmale have more love and Passion than male.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of DIR-based transformation-change model on reducing internet addiction among female students of Mashhad city. In a semi-experimental design, 30 female students (9-12 years old) who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. For the experimental group, eight sessions of 45 minutes of the transformation protocol protocol-the relationship-based differences were performed individually. Young's Internet addiction test was used to evaluate Internet addiction. The effect of the intervention was performed using pretest, post-test and follow-up six months. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANCOVA. The results of the data analysis indicated that the average of Internet addiction scores in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to the control group and the effect of the intervention after six months also continued. Therefore, transformational model-communication-based differences can be considered

This study aimed to compare the Special learning disorder in Students with Attention-deficit hyperactivity Disorder and Normal Students. The research methodology based on its nature was descriptive-comparative method. Sample consist of two groups of 9-12 years old students which selected by cluster sampling in Mashhad city (50 ADHD students and 50 normal students). Data were collected by CLDQ. For analyzing data Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and multivariate analysis of variance were used. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the main five learning problems (reading, reckoning, social recognition, social anxiety and spatial functions) among students with ADHD (p <0/05) and normal students in the components of reading, counting, social recognition and spatial functions had better performance than the students with ADHD. These findings suggest that attention to ADHD disorder can be an effective factor in working with learning disable students

The goal of current study is assessing the role of the structure of  parent-child relationship in predicting the compulsive obsession’s severity of adolescent’s  by compulsive obsession in Ardabil province. The research design is descriptive in the form of correlation and prediction.the research sample included 84 adolescents by OCD referring to Ardabil’s clinics in 1394 who were diagnosed having OCD by physicians and according to DSM-5 criteria. The participants completed materials of Parent-Child-Relationship-Inventory, The children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS)-Parent Report and the questionnaire of children’s depression along their parents. Research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics’ indices, Pearson correlation analysis, separation coefficient , multi-variant regression by using SPSS. The obtained results suggested that there is a positive and significant relationship between the capability of recognizing OCD by parents and caregivers and satisfaction with parenting , orientation of tasks and the roles, social tendencies and adolescent’s  depression . Also depression of teens has just positive and significant relation with social support of parents and has positive and significant relationship with the ability to recognize the signs and the severity of the adolescents OCD by parents. It can be concluded that parent-child relationship structures and adolescents depression can moderately explain the predictions that made by parents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and self-efficacy among physical education teachers in Bandar Abbas. The methods of this study is descriptive- correlation. The population consists of all physical education teachers working in schools of education in Bandar Abbas in three elementary, middle and high school academic year (1393-1394), which is a number equal to 225, according to the formula Morgan 142 subjects were selected randomly in the one and two were selected. But of the 142 questionnaires distributed, 140 questionnaires were returned. Tool to measure the variables of interest include: Furnham (Ptraydz and Farnham, 1996) and efficacy (Shrrv et al., 1982) was. Efficacy and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient EI respectively 81% and 4/83 percentage is calculated. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regressions were used by software 18spss. Hypothesis testing showed that between emotional intelligence (self-awareness, social skills, understand their emotions) the efficacy of physical education teachers in Bandar Abbas, a significant relationship was found. But the optimism and self-efficacy for physical education teachers in Bandar Abbas, a significant relationship was found. Adjusted by the amount of 27.3% of the variance in self by changing the dimensions of emotional intelligence (optimism, self-awareness, understanding their emotions and social skills) were explained. High level of Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy of teachers are very important to exploit the available opportunities and Using innovative methods can be used to further the goals of Physical Education in Education.

Happiness is the first and the most fundamental concept in positive psychology. Hence the numbers of studies are on the rise. The aim of this study is predictive role of happiness by psychological capital and purpose in life on geological staff in Tehran. In this correlation study participants included 160 employees of the Geological Survey of Tehran. Tools used in research were Oxford Happiness Questionnaire-Revised (1990), PIL Maholick and Crumbaugh (1969) and Luthans psychological capital questionnaire (2007).The results showed a significant positive correlation with psychological capital happiness and purpose in life (p <0.01). And there is significant correlation between psychological capital and purpose in life (p <0.01). Also psychological capital predicts 23 percent of happiness and purpose in life predicts 28 percent of happiness. This means that the more people have a higher degree of psychological capital and purpose in life, their happiness will increase. Therefore it can be concluded that with proper planning and targeted education of psychological capital and purpose in life to employees, increase the happiness and satisfaction of employees and in addition to enjoying its benefits, organizational goals better and faster wrap up.

Anxiety and depression disorders are two of the most prevalent psychological disorders and awareness of the variables affecting their development is of significant clinical importance. The present study aimed to predict anxiety and depression symptoms based on attachment pathologies. The participants of the study were 406 students from the University of Tehran in the academic year 2015-2016. The participants (242 boys, 164 girls) were asked to fill out Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), and  Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS(. To analyze the data, correlation coefficients were calculated and a stepwise regression was run. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles and anxiety and depression symptoms indicating that attachment pathologies could predict anxiety and depression symptoms. Accordingly, considering attachment pathologies is of great importance for the prevention of depression and anxiety disorders, the promotion of individuals’ mental health and the treatment of people with anxiety and depression symptoms.

Divorce and its effects on the family system in recent years increasingly been the focus of psychological research, in line to the researches, this research was done to evaluate effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on maladaptive schemas among divorced women. The method of research was quasi- experimental design, with pretest-posttest and control group. For sampling 30 women who referred to counselling centers in Ardabil city were selected and assigned randomly in two groups (each them 15 people). In pretest we presented YSQ-SF questionnaire and after we performed protocol of metacognitive therapy in 8 session on experiment group and finally posttest was done on two groups. We used of covariance analysis methods for analyzing data. The results of research showed that there is significantly different between control and experiment groups. It could be explained that metacognitive therapy effects on maladaptive schemas among divorced women and it also can enhance mental health in this crust of society.

AbstractOne of the most important and fundamental aspects of people's health are the resiliency. Resiliency leads people in difficult situation and in spite of risk factor to use the existed capacity in order to achieve success and individual life growth and exploit of these challenges as an opportunity in order to strengthen themselves. Improving spiritual health, paying attention to the resiliency as a study field is very important. Research method is quantitative and correlation one. Statistical population in this research include all of the B.A. university student of Kashan in 2014-2015that among 4000 numbers, 300 numbers were choose as a sample through simple random sampling method. Measurement tools in this research are 2 questionnaires of Paloutzian and Ellison and resiliency questioner of Kaner and Davidson. Analyzing research data, we used indexes of Standard Deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Regression Analyze and Mean statistic. The results show that there is a meaningful relation between spiritual health and student's resiliency and between mental (existence) health and student resiliency and also between religious health and student's resiliency. Result of regression analyzes show that elements of spiritual health (religious health and mental health) especially mental (existence) health are powerful predictor in the resiliency of students.

This study aimed to compare the emotional and social maturity and sensation seeking adolescents delinquent boys and normal in Khorramabad.  The population consists of all juvenile in center reform that 23 were selected and equal with 23  based on sampling. In this study variables were measured by Bhargava Yashvyrsyng emotional maturity, social maturity Rao questionnaire and Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (short form) were used. To compare the two groups mentioned variables of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. The findings showed that the emotional and social maturity and normal for juvenile offenders there are significant differences. This means that juvenile offenders are lower emotional and social maturity. Also, in sensation-seeking variables there are difference significant between the two groups existed and juvenile offender group, higher sensation seeking. Based on the present findings, we can say that one of the causes of delinquency, social and emotional maturity is low, and features high sensation seeking Accordingly; it is necessary advisory activities with these people for emotional stability, social harmony and access control and emotion regulation skills to work. 

Researchers used case study methods to investigate a virtual learning lab (VLL) in a rural school district that was created in 2011 as a way to better meet the unique needs of exceptional students who are considered gifted. Data were collected through focus groups, classroom observations, interviews, and reviewing relevant documents. Topics include an in-depth explication of the learning lab, lessons learned and suggestions by teachers and administrators, and benefits for improved teaching and learning. Findings are that VLL programming, specifically online instruction that takes place in brick-and-mortar public schools, can be an effective means for providing accelerated coursework to exceptional middle school students who are gifted. Benefits include cost-effectiveness, parent and student satisfaction, allowing for individualized work pace in talent area, and others.

And mothers on a range of criteria and a combination of different parenting styles parenting paternal and maternal personality traits and health of their children is associated with adaptation. In fact, the strong environmental factors that could be associated with spiritual intelligence, children, and family functioning, parenting styles and religious orientation cited. The present study examines the role of parenting styles and religious orientation of their parents expect them has spiritual intelligence. This research is descriptive and correlation. The sample included all students in Kermanshah in 1393 were studying a sample of 214 teachers cluster sampling were selected from among them. To collect data from questionnaires parenting styles, religious orientation and spiritual intelligence scale was used. The findings showed that between authoritarian parenting style with spiritual intelligence and there is a significant negative relationship And between authoritative parenting style and religious orientation, spiritual intelligence and a significant positive correlation was obtained.  According to the results, it can be concluded that the parents' parenting styles and religious orientation in anticipation of spiritual intelligence contribute to their children.

The purpose of this study was to review the differences between religious and non-religious lifestyle in health behaviors with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular health.

The method of this study was the analytical method.

The review of researches suggested that the religious and non-religious health lifestyle have some differences and similarities and the similarities are more than differences. In general, there are many similarities and differences are more minor issues such as spirituality that is just in a religious health lifestyle.

The healthiest lifestyle is the lifestyle that is based on religion and Islamic recommendations and, give help of nonreligious lifestyle recommendations that are consistent with the recommendations of religious lifestyle. Based on scientific principles are accepted, the used to complement each other and achieve the best style that it can be called a religious lifestyle because religion does not have any objection to human knowledge and it is encouraged.

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy involves, components of Beck cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy provided by Kabat-Zinn and in a therapy group to work with persons with a history of depression and thus vulnerable period later developed.This training of people to broaden their perspective to see maladaptive thoughts, ruminations thought processes and cognitive impairment that exist.so  be able to change perfectly or to reorient them.In addition, some aspects of cognitive behavioral therapyfor depression also encompasses that applicable for a maximum of 12 participants, This approach was built for the prevention of recurrence in patients suffering from depression at the recovery period relative. Nevertheless researches have confirmed its effectiveness in other disorders such as eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, dysthymia and anxiety disorders. In general, the the human mind with two methods communicate with the world. Being mode and another doing mode.In being mode the emphasis is on accepting and would not attempt to change ways, in the mode required to achieve the objectives, specific standards evaluating what is not there.In this mode there is not requiring to achieve the targets and specific evaluating standards as it is existing.Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is an eight-week group-based is designed with the structure and process of MBSR program. It formed the core of meditation exercises. In mindfulness techniques and exercise such as eating raisins,body scanning, sitting meditation, yoga, meditation, walking used, as well as informal mindfulness exercises in daily life.    Therefore, in this article described specific techniques and exercises in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is in the form of meetings and their contents.It also expressing the fundamental assumption that the mind has two extensive modes being and doing mode

Boanthropy is a delusional belief that the person himself or others become a cow.  boanthropy have been known centuries ago and have been mentioned in various sources. In this report, a 60-year-old man who has been diagnosed with major depression since two years ago and has been introduced for treatment with boanthropy syndrome seven months ago. These referrals are treated with antipsychotic drugs and psychotherapy with the diagnosis of psychiatric depression. 

   The purpose of this study was to compare the family function in students with the oppositional defiant disorder and normal. The research method was causal-comparative. The population of this study includes all mothers of female students who were studying at elementary schools in Boston Abad city during the education year of 1394-95. The sample consisted of 122 mothers. Three hundred mothers of students were selected as the primary sample by multi-stage random sampling. After completing the Childhood Symptom Inventory (CSI-4), 61 mothers were diagnosed as having students with Oppositional Defiant Disorder and then 61 mothers were matched with this group including regular students according to age, education level, and several children. Also, structural interviews were also performed based on DSM-5 to complete assurance of sample students with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The Family Assessment Device (FAD) was then completed by the mothers of both groups. To analyze the collected data independent samples T-test was used. Results showed that except in terms of emotional involvement there was a significant difference between the overall performances of the families. The results indicate that families function in students with oppositional defiant disorder is unhealthy and inefficient.  

 Given the increasing importance of the issue of older in recent years, this was a study aimed to investigate the relationship between Practice religious beliefs and hope with elderly life satisfaction. This study was a descriptive correlation study; the statistical population included all individuals aged over 65 years, the city of Kermanshah in the 1395 year, with the simple random sampling of 140 respondents (male and female) were selected as examples. The instruments used for data collection of Practice religious beliefs (Temple 2), the scale of hope and life satisfaction questionnaire which was then collected, the data were analyzed using the software SPSS_21. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between Practice religious beliefs and satisfaction with life and also between hope and life satisfaction there is a significant positive relationship. The findings of this study can be concluded that the variables of Practice religious beliefs and hope to have the ability to predict life satisfaction in older people.

Positive psychology is the scientific study of optimal human functioning. The focus of positive psychology is on how human life flourishes and reaches its potentials. Character strengths are the core concepts of the scientific approach to positive psychology. This study aims to compare the advantages of character in students according to their academic fields. For this purpose, 351 students of Islamic Azad University, Shabestar branch were selected from different faculties and different majors using the stratified clustering method. Values in action inventory of strengths (short form) questionnaire were used to measure the variables. The methodology of this study is causal-comparative, and for data analysis, multivariate analysis of variance was used. After the test assumptions, results indicated that the elements of character strengths are significantly different in the students based on their academic fields. Accordingly, students obtained different scores in the sub-elements regarding their educational grades and majors. For investigating the mean difference of the groups regarding character strengths, Scheffe post-hoc test was used. In this manner, among students of humanities, technical-engineering, basic sciences, and agriculture were significantly different in the components of character strengths except for leadership, forgiveness, humility, and humor.Regarding the obtained results, it seems that the nature of the academic field affects the character strengths of the students. Moreover, as positive attributes of the character affect selecting educational, academic areas, they are influenced by the academic fields as well. Thus, based on the academic fields of students, using promotion plans for the character strengths in them are recommended.

Religious counseling is that comes from the concepts and propositions of religion. That  is considered by psychologists and counselors. Islam is a comprehensive religion with many followers. It has different doctrines about social, human and health concepts, but there are not clear definitions of Islamic counseling, its' models and patterns. Present study seeks to define the Islamic counseling with use of review study and descriptive-analytical method. Sources of study were internal and external scholarship over the last thirty years about counseling and sources of Islamic religion include Quran and ahadith. Present research seeks to answer the four areas; Basics of the Islamic Counseling, psychological aspects of human in Islam, stages of Islamic counseling and principles of Islamic counseling. The findings of this study showed that Islamic counseling is distinguished from conventional counseling and psychotherapy in three directions. 1- Ontology, Anthropology, and Epistemology. 2- In goals and 3- In methods of counseling. Also, Islamic counseling was defined with use of foundations, concepts and principles of counseling in Islam. The results of this study can clarify preconditions of Islamic counseling and pave the way for the modeling of Islamic counseling in future.

This article is about dream telling in the group. Friedman as a psychoanalyst belives that telling a dream in group provide a fortune for all of the members to access intersubjectivity speace. he formulate perspective to react to a dream in three levels: Informative perspective, Formative perspective and Transformative perspective. 

Childhood is an important period of human life. Now children do not only need physical care and attention, but the attention and training should include all aspects of social development, emotional, and intellectual personality encompassing. In the meantime, according to the course of the disease is important. Disorders of childhood and adolescence can delay or even prevent the social development of children are from developing. The social development of children affected by various factors such as heredity, environment, culture, attitudes, and behaviors of parents, sibling and peer relationships, behavior and training programs will be teachers. Tics usually start between 4 and six years old, and most intense between 10 and 12 years of age occurs so that its intensity is reduced in adolescence. Following the definition of this group of disorders and theories on the etiology they were raised, hereditary factors-genetic, neuro-biological and social environment to develop, maintain and intensify these disorders are known. Because of the importance and impact of childhood disorders in adult individuals, treatment and early identification can have a positive impact and lasting the life of patients.  The purpose of this article Tourette syndrome and tic disorders is familiar with clinical features.